Our preface mentions: "In the first month of the New Year, there is a Liu Zhidan in northern Shaanxi, Liu Zhidan is a Qing official, he took the team to Hengshan, and he is bent on communism. ”
This ballad celebrates Liu Zhidan, the founder of the Red Army in Northern Shaanxi and the Soviet Region in Northern Shaanxi. After the failure of the fifth anti-encirclement campaign, the Soviet area in northern Shaanxi became the only complete red base area in the country, and the Red Army moved to northern Shaanxi one after another, which is known as the Long March.
In the more than ten years since the success of the Long March, northern Shaanxi has become a well-known revolutionary holy land, and the important orders emanating from here have influenced the battlefield thousands of miles away.
Liu Zhidan** once praised him like this: "Without him, our Red Army's Long March would have nowhere to go, and there would not even be a foothold." "His dedication and sacrifice have made important contributions to the development of the party and the army and to the cause of China's liberation.
However, the great revolutionary died on the battlefield at the age of 33. His wife, Tong Guirong, and daughter, Liu Lizhen, were also participants in the revolution and made indelible contributions to the country.
So, what contributions did Liu Zhidan make that made him highly praised? And how did he affect his wife and daughter? We will start with Liu Zhidan's only daughter, Liu Lizhen.
Before Liu Lizhen was born, Liu Zhidan and Tong Guirong had two children, but due to limited medical conditions and difficult environment at that time, both children died.
However, they did not give up their pursuit of the revolutionary cause because of this, but pinned their hopes on Liu Lizhen. When Liu Lizhen grew up, she inherited her father's legacy and became a pillar of the country.
Liu Zhidan is full of love for his only daughter Liu Lizhen. But as the founder of the Red Army in northern Shaanxi, his job responsibilities prevented him from being by his daughter's side often. His wife took care of her daughter alone with Gui Rong, and accompanied her daughter through the days of hiding before she was four years old, and her daughter never complained.
Although Liu Lizhen has never met her father, she is convinced that his father is a heroic and fearless hero, and she is determined to protect him from the wicked and never let the wicked hurt herself.
In 1934, Tong Guirong and his daughter Liu Lizhen were found by guerrilla fighters while they were hiding from pursuit, and they were taken back to the base area. Liu Lizhen finally had the opportunity to meet her father.
However, despite their arrival at their father's residence, there was not much time for the family to be together. However, whenever Liu Zhidan was free, he would tell his daughter stories about the revolutionary process and play games with her.
In March 1936, Liu Zhidan received a combat mission, he hugged his daughter tightly, and reluctantly said: "Dad is leaving, you have to listen to Mom." Since coming to Liu Zhidan's side, Liu Lizhen has been hugged tightly by her father every time she goes on an expedition, which has become a scene she is accustomed to.
However, no one expected that this would be the last hug of the father and daughter. When her mother fainted from crying, Liu Lizhen realized that her father had died on the battlefield and would never come back.
At that time, she was not yet 7 years old.
Liu Lizhen came to Yan'an with his mother and Guirong, took over the banner of his father Liu Zhidan, and followed *** to participate in the revolution. The establishment of New China gave Liu Lizhen a deeper understanding of her father's story, especially her father's sacrifice on the battlefield, which deeply touched her.
At that time, China's medical care was limited, and many people could not get timely treatment when they fell ill, so she decided to become a doctor to treat the poor. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the country was in urgent need of all kinds of professionals, and 20-year-old Liu Lizhen was sent to China Medical University to study medicine.
After graduating, she was admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, but unexpectedly, she turned down a Shanghai hospital with a high salary and a good environment, and decided to return to Xi'an to live with her husband.
Because she wants to follow in her father's footsteps, continue to fulfill his unfulfilled dreams, and at the same time use her lifelong learning to repay her parents and fellow villagers in her hometown.
Liu Lizhen: The Legacy of My Father, My Mission In Shaanxi in the 60s of the 20th century, a severe drought caused many people to suffer from diseases. In order to control the disease, the provincial party committee decided to send a medical team to northern Shaanxi.
At that time, Liu Lizhen was undergoing **, weighing only 70 pounds, and even her own health was a problem, let alone treating others. However, when she heard that she was going to visit northern Shaanxi, Liu Lizhen did not hesitate to sign up.
No matter how others dissuaded her, she always insisted: "This is where my father struggled, and he asked me to give back to the people." When the people of northern Shaanxi learned that Liu Zhidan's daughter was in the medical team, they wanted to know how her life was and whether she was like Liu Zhidan, the hero in their hearts.
Seeing the thin Liu Lizhen, they were distressed, and they took out their own eggs to replenish her body. In the days that followed, Liu Lizhen took root in the countryside of northern Shaanxi, and everywhere she went, she would train local doctors and use her medical knowledge to improve the diseases of the common people.
Her story is a continuation of her father's legacy, and it is also her own mission.
Liu Lizhen, from an ordinary doctor to the director of the hospital, and then to the deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Shaanxi Provincial People's Congress, has always adhered to the belief of serving the people, which stems from her father's deep education of her.
It was not until 1987 that she left her post. Liu Lizhen did not use his father's prestige for personal gain, but insisted on inheriting his father's legacy and dedicating his life to serving the people.
After she died, she left no property, only a copy of her father's **, which is her deep admiration and nostalgia for her father. Liu Zhidan was born in Baoan County, northern Shaanxi, and although his family is good, he has received a good education since he was a child.
However, the incompetence of the late Qing Dynasty led to social unrest in China, and Liu Zhidan's family had to wander around. Despite the difficult living environment, Liu Zhidan has always insisted on serving the country with loyalty, creating a revolutionary base area, and fighting for the people's liberation cause all his life.
Liu Zhidan was born into a scholarly family, but his life was not all smooth sailing, he experienced human suffering, and experienced first-hand the cruel oppression of the people by warlords and landlords.
These experiences strengthened his resolve to fight the warlords. In middle school, under the influence of Li Zizhou and other Communist Party members, Liu Zhidan began to read progressive books, came into contact with Marxism, and eventually became the first Communist Party member in Baoan County.
In 1925, Liu Zhidan entered the fourth phase of the Whampoa Military Academy and became classmates with **, Dai Li and others. It was also in this year that he firmly became a member of the Communist Party and was determined to fight for the communist cause for the rest of his life.
After graduation, Feng Yuxiang invited Liu Zhidan to stay in office with the rank of major general, but he knew that he was a Communist Party member with firm beliefs, and did not hesitate to refuse Feng Yuxiang's invitation.
In 1927, after the defeat of the Great Revolution, Liu Zhidan realized the importance of having an army and armed forces, returned to his hometown of Shaanxi, and founded the Shaanxi-Ganbian Revolutionary Base Area.
In the following period, Liu Zhidan carried out land reform for the benefit of the peasants, actively propagated revolutionary ideas, and called on everyone to join the revolutionary ranks. For four years, he led his warriors to battle, strengthened his armed forces, and distributed the money he received to the poor people.
The growth of the ranks triggered a strong encirclement and suppression by the Kuomintang, but in the defeat, Liu Zhidan learned a lesson, combined the military movement with the peasant movement, and created the Nanliang guerrillas.
In 1932, this team was officially named the 26th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. In the face of the Kuomintang's encirclement and suppression, Liu Zhidan successfully counterattacked and further expanded the scale of the base area.
As a result, the base areas of Shaanxi and northern Shaanxi were connected, the situation in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo base areas was very good, and the northern Shaanxi Soviet region was formally established. At this time, Liu Zhidan's base area in northern Shaanxi entered its heyday, while other base areas suffered a devastating blow and were forced to carry out the Long March.
In 1935, Xu Haiqiao led the Red 25th Army to successfully arrive at the base area in northern Shaanxi, and joined forces with the Red 26th and Red 27th Armies led by Liu Zhidan to form the 15th Army Corps of the Red Army, with Liu Zhidan as the chief of staff.
The newly formed team immediately threw itself into the anti-encirclement battle, and this bravery and courage also attracted attention across the country. When the Kuomintang newspaper reported on the meeting, they did not know that this newspaper fell into the hands of *** a few days later, which had a profound impact on the Long March.
As the Kuomintang's encirclement and suppression of the Red Army continued to escalate, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo base area lost contact with the CCP. Under the circumstance that the base areas across the country have suffered heavy losses, ** and others naturally believe that the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo base areas have also been destroyed.
Surprisingly, however, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Base Area not only succeeded in thwarting the Kuomintang conspiracy, but also expanded in scale to become the only intact red base area during the Agrarian Revolution.
**After seeing the news in the newspaper about the reorganization of the 15th Army Corps of the Red Army, I was excited: since the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo base area was intact, the Red Army could take it as the end point of the Long March.
Mao Runzhi's move not only strengthened the Red Army, but also avoided heavy losses caused by the flow of troops. When Mao Runzhi led the team to Liu Zhidan's location, Liu Zhidan was detained for various reasons, and his life and death were uncertain.
Fortunately, Mao Runzhi rushed in time to prevent Liu Zhidan from being unjustly killed by his own people. Soon after, at the Wayaobao Conference, the CCP removed Liu Zhidan's suspicion and appointed him as the commander of the Red 28th Army.
In addition, the meeting also summed up the Long March, planned future tasks, and formulated an operational plan for the Eastern Crusade. The army was divided into three routes: left, center, and right, and the Red 28th Army crossed the Yellow River eastward under the leadership of Liu Zhidan and won many battles.
As Mao Runzhi said, without the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Base Area founded by Liu Zhidan, the foundation of the revolution would not have been laid, and it would have been impossible to know when the Red Army's Long March would end and how many soldiers would have been sacrificed.
In the decades that followed, Yan'an became a sacred place in the hearts of all Communist Party members. All this is inseparable from Liu Zhidan's dedication. However, the war was brutal, and Liu Zhidan failed to see the final victory.
His sacrifice made the horse leather shroud and Guirong lose their beloved. On April 14, 1936, when Liu Zhidan attacked Sanjiao Town, Shanxi, which was guarded by the Jin army, the enemy's strong firepower gained the upper hand.
But Sanjiao Town is a traffic fortress and a necessary way, and it must be taken as soon as possible. In order to reconnoiter the terrain, Liu Zhidan personally came to the small hillside less than 300 meters away from the enemy's pillbox to observe.
This is a small hill where you can see all the enemy's movements, and it is the best place to attack from here. However, there is no shelter here, and it is extremely vulnerable. The guards repeatedly persuaded Liu Zhidan to leave, but he still insisted on staying.
Suddenly, the enemy discovered Liu Zhidan, and a burst of gunfire rang out, and he fell instantly. The guards hurriedly carried Liu Zhidan to a flat place and sent someone to find a doctor. Just listened, Liu Zhidan instructed in a weak voice: "Let the political commissar command the battle, you must win." ”
When doctors arrived, Liu Zhidan had stopped breathing. On the same day, the soldiers transported Liu Zhidan's body back to Wayaobao, and all the people who learned the news came to the roadside, dressed in white cloth, to send him on his last journey.
On April 23, Liu Zhidan's body passed through Yan'an, and a grand memorial service was held for him. The local people were very sad and spontaneously came to mourn Liu Zhidan. **After seeing the reaction of the people, he said to the people around him: "The people are so sad, which shows that Comrade Liu Zhidan is a leader who truly serves the people." ”
At the memorial service, ** wrote the inscription: "Leader of the masses, national hero." ”
Up and down for 5,000 years, there are thousands of heroes, and the people's hero is Liu Zhidan. "In 1936, in order to commemorate this hero who sacrificed for the revolution, ** decided to change the name of Baoan County, where he was born, to Zhidan County, to show respect for him.
For the people and the party, Liu Zhidan's sacrifice is undoubtedly a great loss, but the saddest person is his wife Tong Guirong. When she learned the news of her husband's death, Tong Guirong was recuperating in the hospital.
Recalling the regret at parting, she deeply regretted it, because Liu Zhidan never allowed her to send him on the expedition, and every time he quietly left with the army. Before the last expedition, he said to Tong Guirong:"I am sorry for you and my children, but I am a communist, and I want to be worthy of the people who trust me, and repay the people and my hometown for my lifelong belief. "
Tong Guirong is well aware of her husband's ideals, and she also devotes herself to the revolutionary cause, understands her husband's pain, and has no regrets. Liu Zhidan proposed to let his wife see her off for the first time, and she readily agreed.
Unexpectedly, on the way to see off, a comrade-in-arms talked to her, delaying time, and when she arrived, Liu Zhidan had already led the army away, leaving her behind, losing the last chance to meet her husband.
Shortly after Liu Zhidan passed away, Tong Guirong fell ill. When she heard the news of her husband's death, she was in disbelief and her heart was filled with remorse and regret. She blamed herself for not leaving early, delaying the send-off, and why she couldn't be with her husband until the last moment.
Liu Zhidan's death was irreparable pain for Tong Guirong. However, the only belief in her heart is to raise their only daughter Liu Lizhen**. So, she took her daughter to Yan'an, the holy land of the revolution, and was determined to devote herself to the revolutionary cause.
During his days in Yan'an, Tong Guirong developed a habit of often standing alone in front of the window and quietly gazing out. She looked forward to her husband's return and remembered the path they had traveled together.
Tong Guirong's easy-going husband and determination to join the revolution made her a legendary woman. Tong Guirong was born in Wuqi County, northern Shaanxi, adjacent to Baoan County, where Liu Zhidan was born.
The elders of the two families are friends, and they have already ordered a baby kiss for them. Although Tong Guirong has never read a book and does not have a name, her virtuous and virtuous virtue has won everyone's respect, and everyone affectionately calls her "Niu".
Tong Guirong originally thought that Liu Zhidan would dislike her, but she didn't expect that Liu Zhidan named her "Tong Guirong", and personally taught her to read and write, and explained advanced ideas.
Under the influence of Liu Zhidan, Tong Guirong's consciousness became higher and higher, not only understanding her husband's career, but also helping her husband solve problems. After getting married, Tong Guirong undertook the affairs of the family and outside the home, so that Liu Zhidan could engage in revolutionary activities with peace of mind.
However, the biggest challenge facing Tong Guirong came from the KMT's pursuit. In the 1934 encirclement and suppression of the Red Army base area, Tong Guirong could only take his daughter Liu Lizhen and her mother-in-law to hide far away.
With the decrease in the amount of food in his hands, Tong Guirong had to take the risk of going out to dig wild vegetables. Soon after, she met a Kuomintang search and arrest team. In order to protect his family's hiding place, Tong Guirong led the enemy into the distance.
In the process of escaping, she suddenly discovers a cliff in front of her. Looking back, she saw that the pursuers were about to catch up with her.
Tong Guirong has only one belief in his heart, that is, he cannot become a prisoner of the enemy no matter what. Unwilling to give up her husband and daughter, she bravely jumped off the cliff.
Luckily, the bushes halfway up the mountain saved her and brought her back to life. In the countless battles with death, Tong Guirong understood the meaning of revolution more deeply, and his heart became stronger and stronger.
After dealing with her husband's funeral, she took her daughter to Yan'an, took over her husband's banner, and devoted herself to the revolutionary cause. In the days in Yan'an, she made cotton shoes for leaders such as ***, delivered Li Min for He Zizhen, and spent all her energy in logistics work.
All the fighters, including ***, affectionately called her "Sister-in-law Liu". Tong Guirong also likes this title very much, and does his best to solve the problems of life for every soldier.
When comrades-in-arms gather, they would always mention Comrade Liu Zhidan's care and care back then, and they would be grateful to him. After Comrade Liu Zhidan passed away, although many people introduced her to Tong Guirong, she refused one by one.
In her heart, her husband has always been the one who named her and taught her to read and write. As Liu Lizhen grew up, Tong Guirong told her daughter about her husband's deeds and taught her to be a useful person for the country like her father.
From a family point of view, Comrade Liu Zhidan rarely has time to take care of the mother and daughter, and even because of work, their mother and daughter often hide and worry. However, from the perspective of the state, Comrade Liu Zhidan sacrificed his small family to establish the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Revolutionary Base Area, and made great contributions to the revolutionary cause and the liberation of China.
Two years later, the noble spirit of martyr Liu Zhidan was continued. His wife, Tong Guirong, became a member of the Communist Party, and also shouldered the heavy responsibility of serving the people, dedicating her youth to the people of northern Shaanxi.
And when his daughter Liu Lizhen grew up, she also inherited her father's revolutionary ideas and became a person who served the people. Martyr Liu Zhidan is great, but his wife and daughter also deserve our respect and praise.
They were all great revolutionaries who made great contributions to the people.