Li Lisan and the Angang Constitution
On March 11, 1960, the Anshan Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China submitted the "Report on the Development of Technological Innovation and Technological Revolution Movement on the Industrial Front" to **.
The report enumerated a large number of facts, recounted the achievements and experiences achieved, and stressed the need to resolutely implement the proletarian line, rely on the broad masses to run enterprises, persist in putting politics in command, criticize and overcome dogmatism and Jia Gui Thought, further establish a communist style, and promote the development of the movement.
** The report was highly praised, and put forward the "Anshan Iron and Steel Constitution", which not only contains a new type of enterprise management system, but also contains a new type of enterprise leadership system, which is a full affirmation of the new experience created by the leadership system and management system of the entire industrial enterprise, and is also a full affirmation of Li Lisan's hard work achievements on the industrial front for many years.
In his work in the enterprise, in view of the new situation of the international communist movement at that time, Li Lisan worked hard to promote the formulation and study of policies related to the "working class question" and put forward an important part of the "Anshan Iron and Steel Constitution", that is, to implement the system of responsibility of factory directors (managers) and the system of workers' congresses under the leadership of the party committee in state-owned industrial enterprises.
This system has strengthened the party's leadership over the work of enterprises, and at the same time, it has adhered to the mass line, fully carried forward democracy, overcome many drawbacks of the "one-long system", and has been affirmed by the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
This article mainly describes the historical background and development process of the implementation of the factory director responsibility system in China, and the implementation of the factory director responsibility system has played a positive role in the improvement of enterprise production management.
At the same time, it also pointed out the problems existing in the practice of the factory director responsibility system, such as the ambiguity of the responsibilities of the enterprise party organization and the reduction of the sense of responsibility of cadres. In this context, Li Lisan and others put forward the responsibility system of the factory director under the leadership of the party committee, emphasized the leadership system of combining the party's collective leadership and individual responsibility, and proposed the establishment of a workers' congress to ensure that the workers have a supervisory role in the management of the enterprise.
These ideas are hailed as part of the "Angang Constitution".
Talk to Li Lisan on how to improve enterprise management to better implement the socialist enterprise management system of the mass line. Li Lisan stressed: It is necessary to have a set of scientific rules and regulations and rules and regulations that conform to the principles of socialist enterprise management.
In addition, he also pointed out that strengthening the party's leadership and political and ideological work is an important guarantee for reforming enterprise management. After the successful experience of the Qinghua Tool Factory and the Jianhua Machinery Factory, all parts of the country should study this experience and select a number of enterprises with better conditions to test and popularize it.
Li Lisanqin led the working group of the Ministry of Industry to conduct in-depth investigation and research to make the experience more perfect. In the end, the national industrial and mining enterprises generally popularized the experience of "two participation, one reform and three combinations", and achieved remarkable results.
The manuscript of the "Angang Constitution" was formed in early 1960 after the important instructions were made. Its main contents include: First, in terms of workers' participation in group management, everyone has realized the participation in management, so that the group has become the basis of the entire enterprise management work of a strong administrative organization at the enterprise level, and at the same time, it is also a very good communist school.
Second, in the aspect of cadres' participation in labor, it has been regularized and institutionalized, and the method of rotating workers and cadres has been adopted, which has played an important role in improving the leadership style and work methods, transforming the cadres' thinking, and improving the professional level of the department.
Third, in the reform of rules and regulations, we have eliminated irrational rules and regulations and established a system of combining two participations, one reform, and three combinations, so that cadres have more time to go deep into the grassroots and participate in labor, and also create more convenient conditions for workers to manage the production work of small groups.
Fourth, in terms of the three combinations, it is a concrete manifestation of the close integration of professional management with the participation of the masses in the management of enterprises, and is a Marxist-Leninist working method that combines leadership with the masses, theory with practice, and politics with technology.
In actual work, now almost everywhere three combinations, everything three combinations, not only within the enterprise there are a variety of three combinations of forms, but also outside the factory and colleges and universities, scientific research departments of the three combinations, factories and design departments, the use of the three combinations and so on.
The practice of Anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. has proved that the system of combining two participations, one reform and three combinations is not only a fundamental system of enterprise management, but also an effective method for adjusting the internal contradictions of enterprises, and it is also an important way for the majority of workers to learn politics, management knowledge, production technology and culture.
With this system, the ranks of the working class and the ranks of cadres will be able to grow rapidly. The implementation of the system of combining two participations, one reform, and three should be combined with the improvement of leadership style, the enhancement of the political, cultural, and technical level of the staff and workers, and the integration of professional management with the participation of the masses in management.
The implementation of the system of combining two participations, one reform, and three must be closely integrated with the implementation of the system of responsibility of the factory director and the system of workers' congress under the leadership of the party committee, and gradually form a complete set of enterprise "constitutions" suited to China's conditions.
On October 4, 1960, the Communist Party of China officially issued the "Instructions on Developing the System of 'Two Participation, One Reform and Three Combinations' to Improve Enterprise Management" to the whole party.
* In the directive, it is emphasized that the fundamental way to thoroughly eliminate the remnants of the one-long system is to sum up the existing experience and further complete and develop the management system of the new-type socialist enterprises, and at the same time, this is also an extremely important condition for ensuring the successful development of the movement to increase production and save money and the sustained great leap forward in production.
On September 16, 1961, the CPC issued a directive on discussing and experimenting with the "Regulations on the Work of State-Owned Industrial Enterprises (Draft)", which reaffirmed Li Lisan's innovation and experience in enterprise management over the past few years.
Li Lisan was extremely excited when he saw this official conclusion. Facts have proven that the fruits of his labor are still playing an important role in the cause of socialist construction in our country, and many of his opinions have been proven to be completely correct time and again.