The physical and chemical laboratory is an important place for scientific research, product development and quality control, and it is also one of the industries with the highest sewage discharge. Laboratory sewage contains a large number of harmful substances, such as organic solvents, chemicals, heavy metal ions, etc., which is difficult to treat. This article will introduce the sewage treatment equipment of physical and chemical laboratories and its application in laboratory sewage treatment.
1. Difficulty in treating laboratory sewage.
Laboratory wastewater has a complex composition and is difficult to treat. First of all, laboratory sewage contains a large number of odorous substances, such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, etc., which pose a great threat to the environment and human health. Secondly, laboratory sewage contains a large number of harmful substances such as chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metal ions, which will cause serious pollution hazards to human health, the environment and water bodies if not properly treated. Therefore, laboratory wastewater treatment must adopt special equipment and technology to meet the discharge standards and laboratory safety requirements.
2. Laboratory sewage treatment equipment.
1.Chemical precipitation.
Chemical precipitation method is a traditional method of laboratory sewage treatment, which presides down the suspended solids and dissolved matter in the sewage by adding chemicals (such as FeCl3, Ca(OH)2, etc.), so as to achieve the purpose of purifying water. Due to the poor treatment effect of this method, it also produces a large amount of sludge and needs further treatment, so it has been gradually phased out.
2.Biological treatment.
Biological treatment method is a common method of laboratory sewage treatment, which converts organic substances into inorganic substances by using the characteristics of microbial growth and metabolism of organic substances to achieve the purpose of sewage purification. Biological treatment methods include activated sludge method, immobilized biological method and constructed wetland method. Among them, the activated sludge method is the most widely used biological treatment method, which has the advantages of high treatment efficiency and low sludge output.
3.Adsorption method.
Adsorption is a treatment method that adsorbs pollutants from wastewater onto the surface of a material with affinity. This method is suitable for the treatment of low concentrations of organic substances and heavy metal ions. Commonly used adsorption materials include activated carbon, silica gel, molecular sieve, etc.
4.Advanced oxidation.
Advanced oxidation is a method of oxidizing and degrading pollutants under an advanced oxidation system. Commonly used advanced oxidation methods include ultraviolet H2O2 treatment, photocatalytic oxidation, etc. Among them, photocatalytic oxidation is widely used in laboratory sewage treatment, because of its good treatment effect and fast reaction speed, but the equipment is high.
III. Conclusion. Laboratory wastewater treatment is difficult and requires the use of specialized technology and equipment for treatment. At present, biological treatment method is the most widely used, and chemical precipitation method is gradually eliminated. Although the adsorption method and advanced oxidation method are high, they show good results in some treatment processes and are expected to be widely used. In laboratory sewage treatment, we should choose the process suitable for the laboratory, use appropriate sewage treatment equipment, and discharge in strict accordance with the national discharge standards to protect the environment and maintain human health.