Liangshan County, located at the junction of Tai'an, Jining, Heze in Shandong Province and Puyang in Henan Province, is a city along the Grand Canal. The reason why Liangshan County is famous all over the world is because it is the place where the story of "Water Margin" took place, and the heroes of Liangshan in the story are still the loudest signboard in Liangshan County.
Liangshan District map.
What do you know about the history of Liangshan County, customs, natural geography, etc.? I took stock of the following knowledge.
1. When it comes to Liangshan County, we can't help but mention Liangshanbo and Liangshan. In film and television dramas and history books, "Liangshanbo" and "Liangshan" are high-frequency words, and "Liangshan County" rarely appears.
Strictly speaking, "Liangshanbo" is not "there is water in Liangshan", but "there is Liangshan in Shuibo", so in the Song Dynasty, Liangshan was called Shuibo Liangshan, not Liangshan Shuibo.
泊 is a polyphonic word, pronounced as 泊 (bó), which means to stop a ship; Pronounced as 泊 (pō), it means lake, water park. The name of Liangshan Po (pō) is due to the fact that there is "Liangshan" in the Bo, and the same name of Weishan Lake **, which also belongs to Jining, the name of Weishan Lake is because there is "Weishan" in the lake.
In terms of scope, the area of Liangshanbo in history is much larger than that of Liangshan County now. Because of the changes in the geographical environment, the water of Liangshanbo has receded to the area of Dongping Lake in Tai'an.
The two brothers, Su Shi and Su Zhe, the great writers of the Song Dynasty, respectively recorded Liangshanbo. Su Shi once served as the Taishou of Xuzhou, "History of the Song Dynasty. It is recorded in the Biography of Su Shi as follows: Migrating to Pengcheng. The river breaks Cao Village, pan in Liangshanbo, overflows in the Nanqing River, converges under the city, rises from time to time, the city will be defeated, and the rich people fight to avoid the water. It can be seen that the Yellow River during the Song Dynasty not only filled Liangshanbo, but also rushed along the Nanqing River to the city of Xuzhou, 200 kilometers away. There is still a "Yellow Building" in Xuzhou City, which was built to commemorate the water control. Later, Su Shi's younger brother Su Zhe climbed the Yellow Building, and wrote "The Yellow Mansion Fu": Xining ten years of autumn and July Yichou, the Yellow River burst, water and Pengcheng, Su Shi is Peng Chengshou. Note that in the tenth year of Xining, in 1077, and 30 years later, in 1119, Song Jiang led a peasant revolt here.
The description of Liang Shanbo in "Water Margin" is "The mountains row huge waves, and the water connects to the sky." It is mentioned many times in the book that Liangshan Bo has a radius of 800 li, about 200,000 square kilometers, and the area of Shandong Province is only 1580,000 square kilometers.
I measured it on the map, and with Liangshan as the center, it was only 306 kilometers to Rizhao on the coast, and 167 kilometers to Handan, which is the Daimyo's Mansion in the book. According to the description in the Water Margin, the 800-mile radius of Shuibo has been connected to the sea, and it has also flooded the current Handan, Jinan, Zhengzhou, Xuzhou, etc., which is simply impossible.
It can be seen that 800 li water port refers to a circumference of 800 li, not necessarily a radius, and even a circumference of 800 li. Inevitably use some exaggerated descriptions.
The current Liangshan Shuibo, at a glance, lacks the momentum of "mountains row huge waves, and the water connects to the sky".
2. "Water Margin" reflects the story of the Song Dynasty, and the Water Margin culture is now the largest cultural business card of Liangshan County, but, in addition to the Water Margin culture, other cultures in Liangshan County in the Song Dynasty are almost vacant, and people who have visited the Liangshan Museum may find that there are almost no Song Dynasty cultural relics in the museum. That's because, in the Song Dynasty, the Liangshan area was an ocean and uninhabited, so there were no cultural relics unearthed in modern times, which also shows that Liangshan Bo had a large area in the Song Dynasty.
3. Those who are engaged in engineering in Liangshan County probably know that digging down five or six meters from the ground, there will be gray-black clay and silt, which contain lotus seeds and shells, and have a slight smell, and the local people call it "Songjiang soil", which also shows that Liangshan County is a veritable ocean of water in the Song Dynasty.
4. Liangshan's original name is "Liangshan", in 168 BC, Liu Wu, the second son of Emperor Liu Heng of the Han Dynasty and the younger brother of Liu Qi, Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty, was named King Xiao of Liang, had hunted here, and was buried at the northern foot of the mountain after his death, and "Liangshan" was renamed "Liangshan".
I was very curious about the arrangement of stones on Liangshan, layer by layer, like terraced fields, and I named him "Ladder Stone".
5. Don't look at the name of "Liangshan" for more than 2,000 years, but the name of "Liangshan County" is very short, only more than 70 years, and today's Liangshan County was established in August 1949. Prior to this, "Yangsan" was a mountain name and had never appeared as an administrative region name.
6. Kunshan City, which is famous for its economic development, and Liangshan County, which is famous for its heroes, seem to be incompatible, but in fact, from 1941 to August 1949, the current Liangshan County is called "Kunshan County", which coexists with Kunshan County (now Kunshan City) in Suzhou.
After the establishment of Liangshan County in August, Heze and Jining took turns to govern it, and the current Liangshan County was assigned to Jining in January 1990. Among the 11 districts, cities and counties under the jurisdiction of Jining City (Rencheng District, Yanzhou District, Weishan County, Yutai County, Jinxiang County, Jiaxiang County, Wenshang County, Surabaya County, Liangshan County, Qufu City, and Zoucheng City), Liangshan County is the farthest county seat from the main urban area of Jining City.
8. In the era when there were no mobile phones and televisions, people liked to listen to storytelling, watch operas, etc. Liangshan County's well-known jujube bang opera is named after the accompaniment of the jujube wood hammer, so it is named "jujube bang". Now it's gone, and it's a lost thought.
9. Liangshan is the hometown of martial arts, and the folk legend that "after drinking Liangshan Shui, you will stretch out your arms and kick your legs", which shows the prosperity of martial arts.
Liangshan martial arts, also known as Meridian Kung Fu, is one of the four major martial arts kung fu along with Shaolin, Wudang, and Emei. Many people think that Liangshan martial arts was created by the heroes of Liangshan, which is not entirely true.
The main reason for the creation of Liangshan martial arts is the abbot of Liugongshan Jianfu Temple, Master Yuantong, the heroes of Liangshan are all extraordinary, like to practice martial arts, and further carry forward the Liangshan martial arts.
10. There is a common saying in Liangshan folk that "every family inserts willows, and every household fights boxing", and "boxing" is not difficult to understand, which shows that Liangshan has a local style of martial arts, so what does "inserting willows" mean?
"Planting willows at every house" refers to the time when the farm is busy, and "every household boxing" refers to the time when the farm is slack.
Qingming is in a flash, and now I can hear that wicker is sold along the street. "During the Qingming season, which is full of spring, many folk customs related to willow have been formed in China, which vary slightly from place to place due to different regional cultures.
The Qingming Festival in the history of Liangshan, also known as the Willow Festival, has multiple meanings:
The first is to remember the deceased relatives, and the local rural elders still circulate the proverb "Qingming does not plant willows, and becomes a yellow dog after death", which means disrespect for the deceased, "after death, it will become a yellow dog".
The second is to ward off evil spirits, avoid insect pests, there is a proverb in history that "a Qingming Festival a year, the willow hat curses the green gang scorpion, and you are not allowed to enter the house during the day, and you are not allowed to sting people at night". Liangshan is low-lying in history, with many scorpions, fleas, worms, rat women, etc., affecting the lives of the people, among which the scorpion is the most poisonous, starting from the Tang Dynasty, folklore has worn a wicker woven hat to avoid the harm of poisonous insects such as scorpions.
The third is to express people's good wishes for crop harvest, there is a proverb in history that "Qingming inserts green willows, rice and wheat grow too much", in the old days there were more lakes in Liangshan, spring came, people in Liangshan liked to plant willow trees on the bank of the river, next to their own ridges, and began the busy season of the year, and they liked to play boxing when they were slack.
11. The people of Liangshan have inherited the food culture of "drinking wine in a big bowl and eating meat in a big piece" of Liangshan heroes, and the people of Liangshan eat in the restaurant, which is very affordable. Are they interested in the restaurant's tableware? Are the waiters young and pretty? Is the hotel decorated in a luxurious style? I don't care too much, just eat and drink enough, the dishes in the ** are full, the staple food is a big steamed bun per person, not to mention the dish, a big steamed bun is enough for southerners to eat.
In the hotel, you will see many names that seem familiar, such as "Outwitting the Birth Gang", "Heroic Meat", "Time Migration Stealing Chicken", "108 General Wine", Wu Dalang Cooking Cakes, etc., these names are the result of Liangshan people "carrying forward" "Water Margin".
If you come to Liangshan County, you will enjoy the delicacies that Liangshan 108 will not have eaten, such as Liangshan porridge, Liangshan bad fish, and horseshoe baked cakes, these snacks originated in the Qing Dynasty, and the original "Liangshan heroes" did not eat them.
12. If you come to Liangshan for tourism, two scenic spots are recommended.
Shuibo Liangshan is the only national 4A-level tourist area with the theme of the peasant uprising site in China, wandering in the meantime, Liangshan Zhai Gate, Broken Gold Pavilion, Heifengkou, Zhongyi Hall, Zuojun Village, Right Army Village and other scenic spots are vivid, as if traveling to the Liangshan heroic residence 800 years ago.
The ancient village of Shuibo Liangshan is strong.
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