The concept of a low-carbon economy is extended to:Guided by the concept of sustainable developmentThrough technological innovation, institutional innovation, industrial transformation, new energy development and other means, we will reduce the consumption of high-carbon energy such as coal and oil as much as possible, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and achieve a win-win economic development form of economic and social development and ecological environmental protection. The essence of it isThe core of the issues of efficient energy utilization, clean energy development, and the pursuit of green GDP is the fundamental transformation of energy technology and emission reduction technology innovation, industrial structure and institutional innovation, and the concept of human survival and development.
Sustainable development of ecological resources and low-carbon economyOn the one handIt is to actively assume the responsibility of environmental protection and complete the requirements of national energy conservation and consumption reduction indicators; On the other handIt is to adjust the economic structure, improve the efficiency of energy utilization, develop new industries, and build an ecological civilization. This is a realistic way to abandon the previous development model of pollution first and then treatment, low-end first and then high-end, extensive and then intensive, and is an inevitable choice to achieve a win-win situation of economic development and resource and environmental protection. The low-carbon economy is an economic model based on low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions, which is another major progress of human society after agricultural civilization and industrial civilization.
The background of the "low-carbon economy" is the severe challenge of global warming to the survival and development of mankind. With the continuous growth of the global population and economic scale, the environmental problems caused by energy use and their causes are constantly recognized, not only the hazards of smog, photochemical smog and acid rain, but also the global climate change caused by the increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere.
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Excessive carbon dioxide emissions have had a detrimental impact on the global climate, and it is urgent to reduce and control carbon emissions. The carbon market can regulate the total amount of carbon emissions and carbon quotas through market-based means, for example, it is difficult for the carbon emissions of heavily polluting enterprises to drop significantly in a short period of time, and the quotas are often insufficient; Cleaner industries or energy-efficient businesses will have surplus carbon allowances, bothThrough carbon market trading, the optimal allocation of resources can be achieved
In addition, the mechanism of the carbon market to regulate the total amount of carbon emissions is that when it is raised, it will increase the cost of enterprises, thus forcing heavy polluting enterprises to seek cleaner alternative factors into production to reduce carbon emissionsAdjust the proportion of factor inputs through technological progress to promote output。In the long run, improving low-carbon technologies will help reduce the cost of emission reduction, which will not only reduce carbon emissions, but also potentially benefit from excess carbon allowances, which in turn will incentivize enterprises to invest in low-carbon technologies, so as to achieve a virtuous cycle of minimizing cost-driven investment in low-carbon technologies and reducing carbon emissions, thereby driving the output performance of the entire industrial sector. At the same time, under the pressure of environmental regulations, it is inevitable that those high-polluting enterprises that cannot afford the cost of reducing emissions will be eliminated and surviveEnterprises will have cleaner technical support and stronger innovation capabilities
Under the effect of environmental pressure and market competition mechanism, backward production capacity will be eliminated, and new kinetic energy will also be stimulated, so as to promote the transformation and upgrading of high-pollution and high-energy-consuming industries and low-carbon development, reduce their proportion in the industrial sector, increase the proportion of low-carbon industries and industries with strong adaptability to transformation, and optimize the industrial layout of the industrial industryEnergy-intensive industries are at a cost disadvantage in the carbon trading market, and the unrestrained model of achieving high-output growth at the expense of the environment is a thing of the past, and fierce competition in the market forces them to accelerate the transition or transformation。At the same time, the improvement of the industrial structure will promote the development of the clean energy sector, providing a good development environment for enterprises with innovation, adaptability and viabilityIn turn, it promotes the upgrading of the industrial structure and low-carbon transformation of the whole industry.
The establishment of the carbon market makes carbon a tradable commodity, providing a concrete and feasible (or reasonable) way to achieve emission reduction, that is, if the carbon emissions of enterprises are greater than their emission quotas, one can purchase carbon allowances through the carbon market to achieve carbon emissions, and the other is as mentioned above, the carbon emissions of enterprises can be reduced through cost-driven technological innovation. The trade-off between the two approaches depends on the size of the costs and benefitsWhen the carbon price is high or fluctuates greatly, enterprises will be incentivized to choose the second way to carry out technological innovation to reduce the cost of emission reduction.
What is the state of China's low-carbon economic development?
In terms of the carbon market
The first compliance cycle of the national carbon market is from January 1 to December 31, 2021. As of December 22, a total of 2,162 key emitting enterprises in the power generation industry were included, covering about 4.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions annually. The cumulative trading volume of carbon emission allowances is 1400 million tons, with a cumulative turnover of 580.2 billion yuan.
Industry-wise
In 2021, the new energy industry developed rapidly, and green power construction contributed more and more to the realization of transformation and accelerated high-quality development. According to data released by the National Energy Administration, from January to November this year, China's new energy power generation exceeded 1 trillion kilowatt hours for the first time, reaching 10,355700 million kWh, a year-on-year increase of 3297%, accounting for 138%。At the same time, in 2021, the installed capacity of renewable energy power generation in China exceeded 1 billion kilowatts historically, and the installed capacity of hydropower and wind power both exceeded 300 million kilowatts.
On the corporate side
The proposal of the "dual carbon" goal has put the green industry on the "outlet". In terms of supporting the listing and financing of green enterprises, the Science and Technology Innovation Board is playing a significant role. As of December 26, 2021, 221 green enterprises have been listed on the Science and Technology Innovation Board, and many sub-sectors such as advanced environmental protection and electronic core have been supported. Among them, 14 companies came from Guangzhou, Huzhou and other green finance reform and innovation pilot zones, with a total of 161 initial funds0.1 billion yuan.
For more information on carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, please pay attention to: Linhuan Carbon.