Recently, with the popularity of Harbin tourism, the picture of the Oroqen people holding reindeer paraded on ** Street has also been on the hot search on major social platforms. In fact, the Oroqen and Evenki are both the "three minority ethnic groups" in the north and the "seven small ethnic groups" in China, and the main areas where these two ethnic groups live are in Heilongjiang Province and the northeastern part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
1. History and Culture
Oroqen:"Oroqen" means "people on the mountains", and they used to make a living by fishing and hunting. Mainly distributed in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Heilongjiang Province, it is an ethnic group dominated by hunting. They believe in shamanism and value the harmonious coexistence of nature and animals. The traditional clothing of the Oroqen people is dominated by animal skins, and hunting is an important way of life.
Evenki:"Evenki" is the national name of the Evenki people, which means "people who live in the mountains and forests", and the main production and lifestyle is to raise reindeer. It is mainly distributed in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Heilongjiang Province, and has historically made a living by raising reindeer. They believe in shamanism and Tibetan Buddhism, and have a rich oral literature and unique ** dances. Traditionally, the houses of the Evenki ethnic group are mainly made of wood, and they are called "Puluozi".
2. Language and Writing
Oroqen:The Oroqen language is spoken and belongs to the Manchu-Tungusic language group of the Altaic language family. At present, the majority of the Oroqen people already use Chinese as a lingua franca.
Evenki:The Evenki language is spoken, which also belongs to the Manchu-Tungusic language group of the Altaic language family. In recent years, with the development of society, more and more Evenks have begun to use Chinese as a common language.
3. Traditional customs and festivals
Oroqen:Important traditional festivals include the "Bonfire Festival", which is a day to celebrate the harvest of hunting. In addition, there are traditional festivals such as the "Aung Khan Festival", during which various ceremonies and activities are held, such as horse racing, archery, etc.
Evenki:: The traditional festival is the "Mikoru Festival", which is a day to celebrate the harvest. In addition, there are traditional festivals such as the "Sebin Festival", during which various celebrations are held, such as reindeer races, singing and dancing performances, etc.
Fourth, economic development and modern life
Oroqen:With the change of society, the traditional way of hunting has gradually decreased. Today, the majority of the Oroqen are engaged in agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry. At the same time, tourism has become an important part of the local economy**.
Evenki:The economic structure is also gradually transforming to modernization, but animal husbandry is still an important economic pillar. At the same time, relying on the beautiful natural environment and traditional cultural resources, the tourism industry is also developing rapidly. Many Evenks are engaged in tourism-related industries, showing tourists their traditions and culture.