At present, it is the season of high incidence of COPD, and the majority of patients, especially elderly patients, must do a good job in the management of COPD in their lives.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, also known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is a common chronic respiratory disease. There are a large number of COPD patients, but many people in the community do not have enough awareness and attention to COPD, and delayed treatment and non-standard treatment are not uncommon, which directly leads to the early diagnosis rate of only 2Around 6%. In fact, COPD can be prevented and treated, and the key is early detection, early diagnosis, and early **. Early pulmonary function screening can improve the diagnosis rate of COPD, and early diagnosis and early treatment can bring a positive knock-on effect, which not only improves the efficacy, reduces the occurrence of acute exacerbations, but also significantly improves the health economic benefits.
IoT screening for COPD improves early diagnosis rate.
One has to ask: how can we really improve the early diagnosis rate of COPD? From a personal point of view, people over 40 years old, with a history of smoking, cough, sputum or shortness of breath and dyspnea, etc., should be vigilant, belonging to the high-risk group of COPD, it is recommended to seek medical attention in time, and when there are non-specific manifestations such as easy fatigue, elderly patients should pay special attention. From the perspective of community medical alliances, the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment center for respiratory and chronic diseases of Jing'an Northern Medical Consortium screens COPD based on the Internet of Things, which is worthy of promotion and reference. In December 2019, the center was led by Shibei Hospital, with the participation of Pengpu Xincun Community Health Service Center, Pengpu Town Community Health Service Center, Pengpu Town Second Community Health Service Center, Linfen Road Street Community Health Service Center, and Shanghai No. 3** Hospital. Each unit has carried out pulmonary function screening through outpatient clinics, community free clinics, health examinations and other channels, and established hierarchical diagnosis and treatment health records for patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Shibei Hospital provides technical support and regular training to improve the early detection, diagnosis and comprehensive ability of chronic respiratory diseases in community medical institutions. Community health institutions and Shibei Hospital have established a green channel for referral up and down. Through information sharing and business collaboration, the medical alliance unit tracks the diagnosis and treatment of patients in real time based on the Internet of Things and big data technology, realizes the whole process of health management of chronic respiratory diseases, helps patients standardize, and reduces symptoms and acute exacerbations. Over the past three years, more than 10,000 people have been screened for pulmonary function, more than 900 patients with COPD have been diagnosed, and more than 350 people have been included in follow-up management.
COPD disease management focuses on the details of life.
COPD is inseparable from exercise. Moderate exercise can maintain vitality and improve cardiopulmonary function, it is recommended that everyone can carry out an appropriate amount of outdoor exercise around the residence, such as tai chi, walking and other aerobic exercises, and the intensity and time of exercise should not cause physical discomfort. Elderly patients with COPD can also use respiratory function exercises to improve muscle metabolism and general exercise endurance, so as to improve respiratory function, such as abdominal breathing, pursed lip breathing, etc.
For older patients with COPD at home, good home care can improve quality of life. Keep indoor air circulation and open windows regularly for ventilation. If possible, when the climate changes suddenly and the cold wave hits, it is necessary to pay attention to keeping warm, beware of colds, and it is recommended to receive influenza vaccine and pneumonia vaccine to prevent respiratory tract infection.
Most patients with COPD are affected by long-term smoking, and smoking can worsen COPD progression. Therefore, patients with COPD should quit smoking as soon as possible and avoid inhaling second-hand smoke, thirdhand smoke and other harmful gases to prevent coughing, sputum production, dyspnea and other uncomfortable symptoms. In addition, people with COPD should try to avoid exposure to smoke, dust, and other substances that may irritate the respiratory tract.
Inhalation** is the main, most effective form of medication** for COPD patients. Patients should adhere to regular medication for a long time. It should be noted that after taking the drug, it is necessary to pay attention to rinsing the mouth to prevent drug residues, and at the same time to prevent adverse reactions caused by the drug. Older patients and their families should learn to self-monitor, lean forward when shortness of breath occurs, reduce activity or rest, and inhale short- or fast-acting bronchodilators immediately. If symptoms worsen, sputum volume increases, and sputum properties change, medical attention should be seen promptly. In addition, patients with COPD should have regular follow-up visits, so that doctors can formulate and adjust the ** plan according to the patient's recent condition.
Ji Zhijuan (Attending Physician, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shibei Hospital, Jing'an District, Shanghai).