During the Battle of the Paracels, Chiang Kai shek gave the green light? Chairman Mao: He still has

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Many people have heard the saying:

On January 19, 1974, a naval battle broke out between China and Vietnam in the Paracel Islands.

Chiang Kai-shek said in Taiwan:

South Vietnam (divided into two parts, South Vietnam and North Vietnam at that time) jumped off the beam clown also wanted to dye the guide sea, Niang Xipi, if the CCP does not send troops, we will send troops!

On 22 January, three ships of China's East China Sea Fleet were ordered to cross the Taiwan Strait to support the Xisha battlefield.

Chiang Kai-shek ordered the Kuomintang troops to turn on their searchlights and assist in the passage.

**After learning about this, said:

Mr. Jiang still has national righteousness. ”

In fact, there has always been a debate about the authenticity of the incident.

However, although there are some details of this story that are worth scrutinizing, it also has a special meaning in terms of results.

In 1973, with the signing of the Paris Agreement, the United States recognized the legal status of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) internationally, ending the 20-year Vietnam War and withdrawing all U.S. and allied forces from South Vietnam.

When the US troops withdrew, they left South Vietnam with a large amount of American-style army and navy equipment, including more than a dozen large surface combat ships, which made South Vietnam once claim that its military strength could reach the top ten in the world.

After the withdrawal of US troops, in the face of strong pressure from North Vietnam, South Vietnam urgently needed an outlet to show its strength and status and relieve the pressure on all parties at home and abroad.

As a result, on January 19, 1974, a naval battle broke out between four large American-style combat ships of the South Vietnamese Navy (with a total displacement of nearly 6,000 tons) and four small ships of our country (with a total displacement of 1,700 tons).

Our troops damaged and repelled three enemy destroyers due to the disparity in strength, and at the critical moment when they were preparing to die with the last enemy ship, the South Vietnamese No. 10 ship (total displacement of 830 tons) was sunk by the boats that rushed to support.

On the 20th, our troops pursued the victory and liberated the three islands of Ganquan, Coral and Jinyin, which had been forcibly occupied by South Vietnam since 1956.

After suffering such a big loss in the South China Sea, South Vietnam was unwilling, and they put on a posture of revenge and sent 6 ** ships from Da Xian (Xiàn) Port to Xisha Islands, and two more destroyers were going to Da Nang for reinforcements.

* Knowing full well that there is a huge disparity between the strength of the enemy and us, the Central Military Commission ordered the Project 505 Kunming, Project 506 Chengdu and Project 508 Hengyang ships belonging to the East China Sea Fleet, as well as three missile frigates, to the south for reinforcements before the Battle of Xisha Naval Formation.

And the story happened when these 3 missile frigates passed through the Taiwan Strait.

After receiving a notice from the Navy, the three ships in the East China Sea set off from the Zhoushan base and rushed to the Xisha waters for reinforcements.

Because there have been many naval battles between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in the Taiwan Strait, in the past, most of our fleets entered the Pacific Ocean from the East China Sea, bypassed the island of Taiwan, and then entered the South China Sea from the Bass Strait.

This time is for the reinforcement of the South China Sea Fleet, time is very precious for our side, how to plan the route, how to go is the top priority.

This question is in front of ***, and after careful consideration, he issued an order to the three ships to "pass directly", which means that the three ships in the East China Sea will pass directly through the Taiwan Strait.

On the night of the 21st, three ships in the East China Sea entered the Taiwan Strait.

The fleet has passed through the eastern approach island, and everything is normal. Will they let us go and ambush us in the area of Matsu and Kinmen? ”

Some people have raised questions about the fleet's smooth passage through the waters off the East Approach Island.

Director Fan Shuhua of the Intelligence Department of the South China Sea Fleet replied:

All the large warships of Chiang's army are under surveillance, and there are no major movements, and there are no obvious army activities on Dongyin Island, Kinmen, and Matsu, so there should be no ambushes. ”

It can be seen from the above-mentioned dialogue that the attitude of our military toward the Taiwan side in the process of passing through the Taiwan Strait is not clear.

Prior to this, General Zhang Yuanpei, commander of the fleet, also asked the intelligence department to grasp in detail the location of Taiwan's large ships and the movements of the defenders of Dongyin, Matsu, and Kinmen.

* instructed the Fujian base to be ready to fight back against the attack from the Taiwan side at any time.

In order to ensure the secrecy of the operation, the three ships passed through the Taiwan Strait, and the lights were controlled, and the telegram was only received but not sent.

From this point of view, at such a tense moment, as long as a strange ship approaches, it will cause a resolute blow from our army.

Therefore, the rumor that Chiang's army had sent supplies to our army is most likely untenable.

As we all know, the narrowest point of the Taiwan Strait is also 130 kilometers, and the argument that turning on searchlights to assist driving at night is also a bit reluctant.

If the Taiwan side learns of the plan of the three ships in the East China Sea, turn on the searchlight and show it."I learned of your actions, but we have no battle planSo that our troops can pass safely, this is not necessarily a possibility

As a matter of fact, the Taiwan side does know that our army will pass through the Taiwan Strait on the night of the 21st.

According to the military archives of the Taiwanese side"Comprehensive Situation of the Kinmen and Matsu Fronts (741.16-1.31）》It shows that the plan of the three warships of our military to pass through the Taiwan Strait has already been discovered by the Taiwan side.

Chiang's conclusion was that the operation was directed against Vietnam and had nothing to do with Taiwan, and that the response to this was:

It is related to strengthening the measures for preparing for war in the South China Sea, and its follow-up actions are being noted.

In 1974, South Vietnam and Taiwan were both allies of the United States, and in some analyses, it was impossible for Taiwan to offend South Vietnam and indirectly offend the United States for the sake of the Xisha issue.

Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek adopted an attitude of non-interference towards our army and South Vietnam, and no matter who won or lost the Battle of Xisha Naval Battle, it would not have a big impact on them.

It's a kind of thinking that "the enemy of your enemy is your friend", but on the other hand, "a friend of a friend may not necessarily be a friend".

As for whether Chiang Kai-shek said that "if the mainland does not send troops, I will send troops," there is no way to verify, but judging from the results, the effect is clear.

And the tacit understanding between Chiang Kai-shek and *** also exists objectively.

When Chiang Kai-shek was defeated and retreated to Taiwan, the United States suggested that he give up Kinmen and Matsu and hand over Taiwan to the United States as trusteeship, but Chiang Kai-shek refused.

There are two main reasons why the United States is doing this:

First, Chiang also tried in vain to use Kinmen as a springboard to use the mainland at that time.

The second is to abandon Kinmen, which is only 10 kilometers away from Xiamen, to cut off Chiang's idea of the mainland, and to pave the way for the United States to realize the "demarcation of the strait and the rule of the strait."

Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek made it clear that he was against it.

Since Taiwan and the United States signed the "U.S.-Taiwan Mutual Defense Treaty" in 1954, because Chiang did not abandon Kinmen, the United States must assist Taiwan in accordance with the treaty if something happens to Kinmen, but they do not want to have a direct conflict with the mainland.

At that time, Chiang Kai-shek was under tremendous pressure from the American side, and even prepared a plan to overthrow the "disobedient" Chiang Kai-shek.

In 1957, U.S. Secretary of State Dulles personally came to Taiwan and said to Chiang Kai-shek:

If the United States does not withdraw its troops from Kinmen and Matsu, then the United States will reduce its aid to Taiwan

Jiang's pressure at this time can be imagined.

But once he withdraws his troops from Kinmen and achieves the conspiracy of the Americans, he will become the sinner of China for the ages.

On August 11, 1958, the United States published a memorandum of non-recognition of me.

In response to their provocation, the CCP ** passed the *** proposal on August 17,Shelling of Kinmen

On the 23rd, the Chinese People's Liberation Army began shelling Kinmen for more than two months.

According to the recollections of the staff around ***, the chairman's statement on this is:

"The shelling of Kinmen was not to liberate Kinmen, but to give Chiang Kai-shek an excuse to resist pressure from the American side. ”

Sure enough, after Chiang Kai-shek learned the news of the People's Liberation Army's shelling of Kinmen, he shouted repeatedly:

"Good! "Good! "Good! ”

In the face of the tremendous pressure exerted by the United States, Chiang Kai-shek decisively increased his troops at Kinmen because of the "divine assistance" of the shelling of Kinmen.

Subsequently, Taiwan "first issued a statement at the behest of Chiang, expressing its resolute adherence to Kinmen and Matsu, and rejecting the US proposal for the neutralization of the strait."

In September, Chiang Kai-shek made a public statement saying that the PLA's shelling of Kinmen was a prelude to an attack on Taiwan

The Taiwan side will definitely hold on to Kinmen and Matsu, and will never back down even if only the Kuomintang fights alone (even if the US military does not support it). ”

His actions aroused strong dissatisfaction from the United States, and their attitude towards Chiang became increasingly tough and even reprimanded.

Chiang Kai-shek was a rare tough-heartedness, and he said one after another in his "Double Tenth Message" on 9 October and in response to a question from a reporter of the "Sunday Times" on 15 October:

The proposal of the United States to "entrust" Taiwan is "hollow and stupid" and affirms that Taiwan is China's territory, which is indisputable.

On October 25, the Minister of National Defense issued the "Letter of the Ministry of National Defense to the Taiwan Compatriots Again", which corresponded to Chiang Kai-shek's remote call.

The text says:

...Dulles, a political broker in the United States, is nosy. Ordering the Chinese to do this and that harms the interests of the Chinese is in the interests of the Americans. That is, the first step is to isolate Taiwan; The second step is to host Taiwan.

I have ordered the Fujian front not to attack the airfields in Kinmen, the wharves, beaches, and ships in Liuluo Bay every two days, so that the military and civilian compatriots on the large and small islands of Dajinmen, Xiaojinmen, Dadan, and Erdan will receive sufficient food, vegetables, cooking oil, fuel, and military equipment, so that you can hold on for a long time. If there is a shortcoming, as long as you open your mouth, we can**.

On a single day, do not come your ships or planes. We don't have to ** on a single day, but you don't come, so as not to suffer possible losses.

We want you to strengthen your solidarity so that you can be united in your outreach.

There is only one China in the world, and we are consistent that there is no ***. The trick of the Americans to forcibly create *** is absolutely not allowed to be realized by the entire Chinese people, including you and overseas Chinese compatriots.

**'s accurate judgment relieved the pressure on Chiang Kai-shek, and the tacit understanding between the two made the American conspiracy come to naught.

During the Battle of the Paracels, ** let the three ships in the East China Sea "pass directly" from the Taiwan Strait, and Chiang Kai-shek "closely monitored (not fought)", which can be described as another tacit understanding between the two.

In Chiang's view, South Vietnam's vain attempt to occupy Xisha and infringe upon our sovereignty and territorial integrity is intolerable, and it is inconvenient for him to directly counterattack, but this does not prevent him from opening the door of convenience and allowing the three ships in the East China Sea to pass through the Taiwan Strait smoothly.

That's why *** said, "Mr. Jiang still talks about national righteousness."

After the defeat and retreat to Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek also agreed with "peaceful reunification" and held three secret talks in the hope of forming a third cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and completing the reunification of the motherland.

1, Zhang Shizhao and Song Yishan

In the mid-fifties of the last century, international relations gradually eased, and the strategy of New China also shifted to domestic economic development.

Under these circumstances, a major change has also taken place on the Taiwan issue, and the policy of using force to wait for an opportunity to liberate Taiwan and combining it with peaceful negotiations to achieve reunification has also been proposed"Harmony is precious".'s strategy towards Taiwan.

For this reason, Zhang Shizhao, a representative of Nanjing who had participated in the 1949 Beiping Peace Talks, took the initiative to ask the premier for help.

Requesting that he be allowed to go to Hong Kong to contact the old friends of the Kuomintang, and then contact Chiang Kai-shek in Taiwan, to realize the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and strive for peaceful reunification.

For this reason, ** specially wrote a letter to be forwarded by Zhang Shizhao to Chiang Kai-shek.

The letter put forward four measures to achieve cross-strait reunification:

In addition to foreign affairs, Taiwan's personnel and military affairs were all managed by Chiang Kai-shek.

*Funding can be allocated to strengthen Taiwan's infrastructure.

Respect Chiang's reform of Taiwan, but it is better to be slow down and consult with all parties.

The two sides should not do anything that undermines the cooperation between the KMT and the CPC.

After Xu Xiaoyan understood his intentions, he immediately returned to Taiwan and handed over a letter from the CCP to Chiang Kai-shek.

He read the letter several times and remained silent.

In 1957, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly recalled Xu Xiaoyan in Hong Kong, and after a long period of secret talks, the two decided that Song Yishan would go to the mainland to explore the road first.

Song Yishan was the elder brother of Song Xilian, a high-ranking Kuomintang general, and a student of Chiang Kai-shek.

Sending him back was to show Chiang Chiang's trust in him, and secondly, in the name of returning to the mainland to visit his younger brother who had been captured by our army, so as not to cause major fluctuations and social reactions.

In April 1957, ** met with Song Yishan in Dongxing Building, Beijing.

Song Yishan was blunt about the purpose of returning to the mainland, just to see the attitude of the mainland.

** is also made a clear statement:

We're all family! During negotiations in Chongqing after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Mr. Chiang said that during the Great Revolution, comrades of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party held meetings in the same room and ate in the same cauldron. Hopefully we'll be working together again. ”

Under the arrangement of ***, Minister Li Weihan and Song Yishan carried out the docking of specific affairs, and Li Weihan put forward four basic opinions:

The two parties can achieve peaceful reunification through dialogue on an equal footing.

Taiwan could achieve a high degree of autonomy under Chiang's administration.

* Do not send people to participate in the management of Taiwan, but the Taiwan side can send personnel to participate in the leadership of **.

The United States must withdraw from Taiwan.

2. Cao Juren threads the needle

Cao Juren was a famous journalist and writer during the ** period, and he had a good relationship with Mr. Lu Xun.

The Complete Works of Lu Xun contains twenty-five and a half letters from Mr. Lu Xun to Mr. Cao Juren, and he has good relations with the high-level leaders of both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.

In July 1957, Cao Juren returned to the mainland from Hong Kong, and ** and ** and other high-level CCP leaders met him at the Summer Palace.

During the banquet, ** said to it:

We are by no means soliciting surrender to Taiwan, but discussing with each other, and as long as the regime is reunified, everything else can sit down and discuss together. ”

On October 3, ** met with Cao Juren in Zhongnanhai, he said:

When you come back this time, you can take a look at it and walk around to see what problems we still have here. ”

At the same time, he also affirmed the role played by Chiang Kai-shek in certain historical periods and expressed the desire of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party to cooperate again.

After Cao Juren returned to Hong Kong, he reported to Chiang Kai-shek, and he did not give instructions on this, but only asked Cao Juren to go to the mainland for the second time to go to Fenghua, Zhejiang to see the ancestral tomb of the Chiang family.

Cao Juren ended his second trip to the mainland, and immediately sent a letter to Chiang Kai-shek about the ** and details of his trip to Fenghua, and at the same time sent a letter about the opinions of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party on cooperation again, but did not receive a clear reply from Chiang.

In this way, the matter of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party dragged on until 1965, when Li Zongren, the No. 2 man of the Kuomintang, returned to the mainland and let the Chiang father and son act again.

After Cao Juren learned that Chiang Ching-kuo would go to Hong Kong at a later date to discuss with him about the re-cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, he immediately got up and arrived in Beijing, communicated with the Chinese Communists, and clarified his attitude towards this matter, and then returned to Hong Kong and waited for Chiang Ching-kuo.

Soon after, Chiang Ching-kuo came to Hong Kong, where he personally took Cao Juren to Chiang Kai-shek's official residence in Taiwan and opened a secret meeting.

After this meeting, the two sides reached a six-point consensus, the main contents of which are:

Chiang Kai-shek led his old troops back to the mainland to settle down, and still served as the president of the Kuomintang. The Lushan area was used as the office and residence of the Kuomintang.

With Chiang Ching-kuo as chairman of Taiwan Province, Taiwan's military diplomacy is under the unified jurisdiction of the mainland. Except for the land policy (the cultivator has his land), the Taiwan side is responsible for other government decrees, which will remain unchanged for 20 years, and will be negotiated again after the expiration of the period.

The Taiwan side does not accept any assistance from the United States, and the remaining funds are allocated by the mainland.

Taiwan's navy and air force were merged into the mainland, and the army was reduced to four divisions, one of which was stationed in Xiamen and Kinmen. The remaining three are stationed in Taiwan.

Kinmen and Xiamen are merged into one city, serving as a buffer and liaison area between Taiwan and the mainland. The mayor is served by the commander of a division stationed there, nominated by Taiwan and recognized by Beijing.

Taiwan's original first-class treatment remains unchanged, and the people's living standards can only be improved.

At the critical moment when the Kuomintang and the Communist Party had reached cooperation again and the motherland was about to realize peaceful reunification, the United States again obstructed it, and the beginning of the turbulent era on the mainland made the peace talks run aground again.

3. Unsuccessful

In the early 70s, China's return to the United Nations, especially in the context of the recovery of Sino-US relations, Taiwan's position became more and more embarrassing.

As a result, the KMT-CPC peace talks were once again on the agenda.

Since Mr. Cao Juren passed away in 1972, Mr. Zhang Shizhao, who was 90 years old and was still using a wheelchair because of a fracture, asked for help again and contacted him in the center.

With the approval of ***, in May 1973, Zhang Shizhao left Beijing to go to Hong Kong to serve as a liaison again, and personally went to the airport to see him off.

After arriving in Hong Kong, Mr. Zhang Shizhao frequently attended various activities, but due to his advanced age and unaccustomed conditions, he fell ill and passed away on July 1.

Zhang Shizhao's unsuccessful departure had a huge impact on both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.

Later, Chiang Kai-shek sent Kuomintang veteran Chen Lifu to Hong Kong to facilitate peace talks.

Chen Lifu first invited *** to visit Taiwan through secret channels, and at the same time, published an article entitled "If I were ***, clearly expressing that *** or *** are welcome to visit Taiwan."

**After learning about this, he was also very happy, but at that time, he and *** were not in good health, so they were ready to be responsible for this matter.

Another important moment related to the success of the peace talks, Chiang Kai-shek died on April 5, 1975, and the third peace talks between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party came to an end.

Since then, Chen Lifu has been campaigning for cross-strait reunification, and when the first batch of mainland reporters visited Taiwan in 1992, the 98-year-old made it clear:

As long as the people on both sides of the strait need me, I will go to the mainland, and my greatest wish is that the country will be strong and the people will be happy. ”

To this day, there are still many "Cao Juren," "Zhang Shizhao," and "Chen Lifu" who are making their own efforts for the peaceful reunification of the two sides of the strait, and I believe that in the near future, the wishes of these peace envoys will certainly be fulfilled.

** Although he and Chiang Kai-shek are opponents, they are the same for the national righteousness.

Whether it was the shelling of Kinmen, the secret peace talks, or the Battle of Xisha Naval Battle, they all showed a very high political tacit understanding between the two men, and the basis for establishing this tacit understanding was to "safeguard national unity and integrity."

Therefore, the chairman said that "Mr. Chiang has the great righteousness of the nation" and also said that "it is better for Taiwan to be Chiang Kai-shek's leader, and he is unequivocal on the one-China issue."

Although the three peace talks were unsuccessful, the desire for peaceful reunification with Chiang Kai-shek and the compatriots on both sides of the strait and overseas Chinese is strong and real

There is only one China in the world, and as the descendants of Yan and Huang, we must accomplish the great cause of the reunification of the motherland.