Declining fertility in young people? Are we moving into the developed world ahead of schedule?
The birth rate of the population varies from country to country, and each has its own reason. Due to social functioning, economic development, and individual self-determination, the birth rate in developed countries is generally low.
First of all, among the world's advanced economies, the industrial structure has been in a stage of continuous upgrading. Most of the industries in Europe and the United States are dominated by high-tech and high-end goods, which are highly profitable, bringing huge profits to all laborers and laborers. In addition, in foreign countries, China's social security system is also relatively complete. Its social insurance coverage is large, and from birth to death, everyone is cared for and supported. Therefore, in the developed world, people do not regard their children as a means of retirement, but because of the complete retirement insurance system, they can feel safe and do not have children. Compared with advanced countries, many countries in Asia and Africa do not have perfect social security systems, and the poor often obtain financial support and security by having children in their later years.
In addition, the financial burden of the family also has a certain impact on the birth rate. From the point of view of the rich, not having children is a reasonable decision. In rich countries, middle-income families can retire as long as they do not have children and work until they are thirty-five or forty years old. In contrast, in order to have children, they must work until they are 50 to 55 years old or more. In addition, the cost of raising children is also a concern. And once you have a child, all kinds of expenses will skyrocket. Not having children is a wise decision, and those who hate children or think that the price of raising children is not enough to compensate them for retiring prematurely.
However, for the poor, having children is a cost-effective investment. They think that if they can feed their children for ten or eight years, they will be able to support themselves. In poor families, only one of them can excel, and if he receives special attention and cultivation, then he has the opportunity to become a class leap for the whole family. As a result, poor people have children to get better financial support and better living conditions.
Although the birth rate in developed countries is low due to the influence of factors such as social operation and individual autonomy, it also has an impact on China's economic development. A chronically low birth rate will lead to a labor shortage, which in turn will exacerbate the problem of ageing. As China is in a stage of development, a low birth rate will pose a challenge to its economy. In addition, problems such as industrial shocks and kindergarten closures will also lead to a shortage of labour and the problem of caring for the elderly. In China, the idea of "raising children to prevent old age" is still deeply rooted, and many elderly people still rely on their children to take care of their lives. However, due to the pressure of employment environment, marriage, housing prices, employment, etc., young people do not attach importance to the concept of having children. However, China** has adopted a package of measures to stimulate fertility, including some subsidies and incentives. It is believed that China's low birth rate will ease with a policy of continuous improvement.
In general, the birth rate of a country is determined by a combination of factors. In developed countries, the birth rate is generally low because of its own economic operation and individual self-determination, and the poorer the country, the higher the birth rate. In developing countries, due to the high birth rate, it will cause a series of problems such as economic and population aging, so countries must formulate relevant countermeasures.