When you reach a certain age, you are obese, you stay up late and work overtime, your work and rest are irregular, and your parents are both suffering from diabetes, do you also feel anxious and worried that you have diabetes?
Under the influence of rapid economic development, lifestyle changes and population aging, the prevalence of prediabetes among Chinese residents has increased rapidly, and the prevention and control situation is arduous. More than half of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have no obvious clinical manifestations in the early stages of the disease, so diabetes screening has become an important part of prevention and treatment.
People at high risk of diabetes are people who are at increased risk of developing diabetes. Screening targets are people at high risk of diabetes. Adults at high risk include:
Adults at high risk include:
1) Have a history of prediabetes;
2) Age 40 years old;
3) body mass index (BMI) 24 kg m and/or central obesity (waist circumference 90 cm for men and 85 cm for women);
4) First-degree relatives have a history of diabetes;
5) Lack of physical activity;
6) Women with a history of macrosomia or gestational diabetes mellitus;
7) women with a history of polycystic ovary syndrome;
8) Patients with acanthosis nigricans;
9) Have a history of high blood pressure. or receiving blood pressure reduction**;
10) HDL cholesterol < 090 mmol l and (or) triglycerides" 222 mmol, or those who are receiving lipid-modifying drugs**;
11) History of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD);
12) History of steroid use;
13) Long-term acceptance of antipsychotic drugs or antidepressants**;
14) The total score of the Chinese Diabetes Risk Score (Table 5) is 25 points.
Children and adolescents are at high risk of being in the 85th percentile of BMI for age and sex, and at least one of the following three risk factors, i.e., maternal diabetes mellitus (including gestational diabetes) at the time of pregnancy; A first-degree or second-degree relative with a history of diabetes mellitus; Presence of clinical conditions associated with insulin resistance (e.g., acanthosis nigricans, polycystic ovary syndrome, hypertension, dyslipidemia).
The screening method is a two-point method, that is, fasting blood glucose + 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2-hour blood glucose. Patients with normal screening results are recommended to be screened every 3 years; If the screening result is prediabetes, it is recommended to be screened once a year.
The significance of early screening of high-risk groups of diabetes is to improve the national health level, significantly improve the awareness rate and diagnosis and treatment rate of diabetes, reduce the physical and economic burden caused by the disease, and diabetes screening can enable these patients to be detected early and early, and greatly improve the prevention and treatment efficiency of diabetes and its complications.
Text|Internal Medicine Yao Wen.