Expectoration training mainly includes the following aspects:
Clause.
1. Postural drainage.
The process by which the patient expels residual secretions from the lungs as well as the bronchial tubes under the action of gravity to the outside of the body.
This is usually done between eating, and the patient's back is patted at the same time as the postural drainage.
Clause.
2. Percussion and slap on the back to discharge phlegm.
To do this, the caregiver needs to bring his fingers together, bend his palm slightly, and use the strength of his wrist to knock the patient's chest wall from the bottom of the lung from the outside to the inside, from the bottom to the top, and to percussion the patient's chest wall in a more rhythmic manner, so as to assist the patient in expelling sputum.
Clause.
3. Effective sputum coughing methods.
According to the patient's needs, the patient takes a more comfortable sitting position, and before treatment, the patient takes 5 to 6 deep breaths on his own, holds the others at the end of deep inspiration, and continues to actively cough until the sputum in the lungs is discharged.
Clause.
Fourth, vibration expectoration.
For patients who have been sick and frail for a long time, have been bedridden for a long time, and have weak expectoration, the patient can be placed in a lateral decubitus position, and the patient's chest wall can be patted from the bottom of the lung from the outside to the inside and from the bottom to the top, and the patient can be asked to cough or choose mechanical vibration to discharge sputum.
Clause.
5. Mechanical suction.
It is suitable for those who are unable to cough up viscous sputum, unconsciousness or difficulty in expectoration, and can be suctioned by mechanical negative pressure through the mouth and nose, tracheal intubation, and tracheostomy.