In recent years, with the development of crystalline silicon solar cells becoming more and more mature, perovskite solar cells have gradually gained attention in the industry. Recently, photovoltaic companies such as GCL Optoelectronics, Jidian Solar, and LONGi Green Energy have successively announced that the efficiency of their perovskite module products has been further improved, and perovskite has kicked off large-scale mass production.
It is understood that more and more perovskite companies continue to carry out technology research and development, and up to now, the laboratory efficiency of perovskite cells is 261%, the efficiency of small modules is close to 23%, and the efficiency of square meters of modules has exceeded 18%.
Compared with crystalline silicon cells, perovskite cells have greater potential. "The western ** study pointed out that perovskite cells have two advantages over crystalline silicon cells: one is high conversion efficiency, and the efficiency improvement speed is faster, and the theoretical efficiency of three-cell perovskite tandem cells can reach 50%, which is larger than the current mainstream battery technology of about 25%;Second, perovskite raw materials are easy to obtain and the manufacturing industry chain is significantly shortened, and its industrialization potential is greater.
Yao Jizhong, CEO of Hangzhou Micronano Optoelectronics Technology, also said that compared with crystalline silicon technology, the cost of perovskite solar cell materials is very low, and the energy consumption in the production process is also very low, which ensures that perovskite solar cells have product competitiveness on a macro level.
It is reported that at present, dozens of related enterprises have participated in the industrialization of perovskite products, and most crystalline silicon companies have also begun to deploy perovskite technology.
Yang Sheng, Marketing Director of Jidian Solar, said: "From a technical point of view, compared with traditional crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, copper indium gallium tin, etc., perovskites have a very excellent photoelectric effect and a very high tolerance for defects and impurities, which also determines that perovskite products can rapidly improve the conversion efficiency in more than ten years. At the same time, perovskite has a very good light absorption coefficient and does not contain any advanced elements, which makes it have more room for cost reduction and can help photovoltaic achieve grid parity. Perovskite products are rich in form, and by adjusting the composition and substrate, they can be made to show different colors and expressions, so that perovskite can be combined with photovoltaic building integration, and can also be applied to traditional power generation power stations. In addition, the low carbon footprint of perovskite products is also a very important advantage. ”
Yang Sheng believes that based on the above points, after calcium iron ore is made into products, it will have the characteristics of high efficiency, low cost and diversification, and has been widely sought after by the market and industry.
On the whole, perovskites currently need time in the industrialization process. The interviewed experts pointed out that the effective way to truly accelerate the cost reduction of the perovskite industry lies in technological change, and technology updates and iterations will bring about both product performance and cost improvement. "Under the 'dual carbon' goal, we hope to promote the development of the entire industry through the iteration of technology. Yang Sheng said.
At the same time, Yao Jizhong said at the 2023 annual meeting of the photovoltaic industry that for the conversion efficiency of perovskite products, whether it is a small area or a large area, it is necessary to slowly wait for the advanced technologies in the laboratory to be transferred to the production line. Whether it is in academia or in the industrial chain, we should pursue the dual improvement of efficiency and stability, and the path of realization should also be repeatable.
Previously, it was generally believed in the industry that perovskite materials were soft or difficult to withstand harsh mechanical, damp heat and other challenges. Therefore, it is necessary to select good materials, screen high-quality suppliers, control impurities, and add new material systems. In addition to breaking through the technical challenges of stability and making modules stable and efficient, mass production should also be the goal, and the high economy and market application of the product should be considered. Yao Jizhong further said.