"The world is scarce by the Jinjiang River".
The Jinjiang River written by poets of all ages
Xu Yongqiang. The Jinjiang River in Chengdu has been named Dujiang, Neijiang, Maojinjiang and Fuhe in history, and is the main river of the Minjiang River flowing through the urban area of Chengdu. It flows through Pidu District, Jinniu District, Jinjiang District, Tianfu New District, Pengshan District, Meishan City, and joins the Minjiang River in Jiangkou Town, Pengshan District, Meishan City. The Jinjiang River is 115 kilometers long from Shidiyan to Jiangkou, with a basin area of 2,090 square kilometers.
Jinjiang is the cradle of Chengdu's culture, and Chengdu's economic, cultural and social development is inseparable from the nourishment and nurturing of Jinjiang. For thousands of years, Jinjiang has nurtured the customs and treasures of Tianfu Chengdu, as well as the beautiful poems of man and nature. In Chengdu, where water and drought are from people and people do not know hunger, the famous sentences of the poets of the past dynasties ripple in the blue waves of the Jinjiang River, making them forget to return.
Li Bai's homesickness
The interweaving of Jiang and poetry originates from the poet Li Bai.
The "brocade" of Jinjiang is named after the famous Shu brocade. "Silkworm Cong and Fish, how blank is the founding of the country", Li Bai in the famous "Shu Road Difficulty", expounded the long history of the founding of the silkworm cong, from the silkworm cong to teach the people sericulture, and gradually gave birth to the Shu brocade culture. Of course, China's brocade culture originated from Shu. In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2,000 years ago, King Qin ordered people to build the "Jinguan City" (also known as Jincheng) in Chengdu, which was specially used for the production of Shu brocade, and the ** of its management brocade was named "Jinguan". Du Fu also has a poem: "Xiao looks at the red wet place, and the flowers are heavy in the official city." "As early as the Western Han Dynasty, there were many varieties and colors of Shu brocade, and they were widely used and marketed throughout the country. People use the Jinjiang River flowing through Chengdu to wet brocade, and for a time, the brocade people are endless along the river.
Li Bai has lived in Sichuan since he was a child, and his writing of Jinjiang is haunted by the nostalgia and unique flavor.
For example, "Dengjin City Scattered Flower Building": "The twilight rain goes to the Three Gorges, and the Spring River winds around the Shuangliu". In 720 A.D., the young Li Bai visited Chengdu, climbed the famous scattered flower building, looked at the distant mountains, Jinshui and two rivers hugged the city, harmonious and beautiful, and a thriving one. Li Bai's poem expresses the vigorous vitality of a young man, which is forty years earlier than Du Fu's Jinjiang poems, and is also one of Li Bai's earliest poems.
Today's Chengdu Scattered Flower Building (photo by Zhang Hai).
There is also such as "Jingmen Floating Boat Looking at the Shu River": "Spring Water Moon Gorge comes, and the floating boat looks at Anji?" It is the peach blossom flow, which is still the color of Jinjiang. In 758 AD, Li Bai was finally convicted of participating in the shogunate of Yongwang Xuan and exiled to Yelang (in the area of present-day Tongzi County, Guizhou). In 759 A.D., the poet traveled to the White Emperor City of Kuizhou (now Fengjie, Chongqing) on the way to the long stream of Yelang, and was pardoned and released, so he took a boat to the east, and was in a good mood. On the river in Jingzhou, he looked far away, and remembered the beautiful Jinjiang River in his hometown. At this time, his heart is like a peach blossom floating on the river, and the comfort is like the most beautiful spring brought to him by the Jinjiang River in his hometown.
I have to mention "Ten Songs of the Emperor's Western Tour of Nanjing", which is Li Bai's group of poems. This group of poems expresses the poet's praise for Chengdu, full of homesickness. For example, "the earth turns the Jinjiang River into Weishui, and the sky returns to the jade base for Chang'an"; Fifth, "all countries are in the same wind, Jinjiang He Xie Qujiang Pool"; Its seventh, "Jinshui flows eastward around Jincheng, and the north of the star bridge hangs like a celestial star". Although there are many different interpretations of this group of poems, the word "Jinjiang" appears many times, and if it were not for the love that goes deep into the bone marrow and penetrates into the heart, the poet would not have chanted it so repeatedly.
Du Fu's consolation
In the Tang Dynasty, the Jinjiang River passed under the city of Fucheng and became a moat, so it was also called the Fu River. At that time, the Jinjiang River was another kind of pastoral beauty, with trees and bamboo forests on the riverside, fishing fires in the reeds, birds dotted in the depths of the alders, and chickens and dogs in the distance. Alder forests hinder the sun and chant wind leaves, cage bamboos and smoke droplets dew tips. Temporarily stop flying Wu will count the sons, and frequently come to the swallow to set a new nest. Others are mistakenly compared to Yang Xiong's house, lazy and unintentional. In 760 A.D., Du Fu ended his displacement and went to the Huanhua River to build a thatched cottage. On the day of Tang Cheng, he wrote this "Tang Cheng" with mixed feelings.
Since then, the beauty of Jin Jiang has gradually been deeply loved by literati and artists. Du Fu, for example, lived in Chengdu for just five years, but wrote 247 poems, accounting for one-sixth of his life's poems. In these works, there are many poems, which express the thousands of feelings of Jinjiang. As he wrote in "Quatrain": "Two yellow orioles are singing green willows, and a line of egrets is in the sky." The window contains a thousand autumn snow in Xiling, and the door is berthed in the Dongwu Wanli ship. ”
On the side of Huanhua Creek, the clear picture scroll of the Jinjiang River presents Du Fu with a vigorous vitality. Two orioles sing passionately towards spring among the green willow trees, and egrets soar in the blue sky. In a time of tranquility and leisure, the great poet sat in his hut and saw the snow piled up on the West Ridge and the ships that could reach Soochow moored on the Jinjiang River. At this time, Jinjiang, in Du Fu's pen, is like a kind of abrupt but relieved mood.
The water sill is the mouth of the Wenjiang River, and the stalagmites of Maotang are in the west. Move the boat to the main temple first, wash the medicine Huansha Creek. When the warm sun warmed the river flowing from the depths of Minshan Mountain, the great poet set out from the thatched cottage, admired the cultural relics of Dashi, took a boat down the river, thought in front of the temple of Emperor Zhaolie, and washed his soul in the head of Huanhua Creek.
In the group of poems "Looking for Flowers by the Riverside", each capital has flowers on the banks of the Jinjiang River, either lonely and ownerless, or thousands of flowers, and the flowers in various shapes soothe the trauma of Du Fu's family and country: "Huang Siniang's family is full of flowers, thousands of flowers and low branches", "Jiangshen bamboo is quiet two or three families, eventful red flowers reflect white flowers", "Thick flowers are chaotic and afraid of the riverside, and the walking is really afraid of spring", "The branches are easy to fall, and the tender stamens are carefully discussed".
Outside the river, children reported rapids. Get out of bed a few feet high, leaning on a cane and not in the middle of the continent. In "Jiang Zhang", Jin Jiang reminds Du Fu of the devastated Central Plains, and he looks at the raging waves and writes about the sad and angry side of Jin Jiang's character. Another example is what he wrote in "Ascending the Tower": "The spring color of Jinjiang comes to heaven and earth, and the floating clouds of Yulei become ancient and modern." The wind and sunshine, together with the warm river, soothed the hearts of countless Cangli.
The unique sincerity of Du Fu and Jinjiang knowing, looking at each other, and staying together has also been written into the poem thousands of years later. "Jinshui Spring Breeze is occupied, and I will return to the cottage people. This couplet, written by the Qing Dynasty calligrapher and poet He Shaoji, became an agreement between a city and a poet.
Liu Yuxi's reverie
Jinjiang is famous all over the world, and many poets write about Shudi, and they will invariably mention images such as Emei and Jinjiang. For example, Luo Bingwang's "Mount Emei is like an eyebrow on the moon, and the sun is like a brocade in the Jinjiang River" ("Glamorous Affection on behalf of Guo's answer to Lu Zhaolin"), the Song Dynasty writer Huang Tingjian's "Looking at Minshan Mountain in the West and Looking at Emei in the East, the Jinjiang River is clear and rippling" ("Sending Jiao Junming"), and the Yuan people Wei Chu's "Emei Mountain is like Jinjiang Spring, and the sword wall is empty and the jade is dusty" ("Sending Monks to Shu") and so on.
Even, Liu Yuxi, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty who had never been to Chengdu, was inspired by the infinite charm of the Lijin River and wrote the famous "Waves and Sands": "The flowers on both sides of the Lijin River, the spring breeze blowing the waves are washing the sand." The girl cuts the mandarin duck brocade and will set the sunset in the middle. ”
Spring, Shu brocade, weaver girl, sunset ......When the gorgeous brocade and the blue waves of the water meet and blend, the days are long, the clear water of this river also becomes colorful, the beautiful sun is like brocade, and the river is also named Jinjiang.
The embellishment of Zhang's book
The custom of "visiting the Jinjiang River" can be traced back to the Tang and Song dynasties. In the fourteenth year of Zhenyuan Dynasty (798), Jinshi Zhang Ji was a well-known poet in the history of poetry in the Tang Dynasty.
A poem "Chengdu Song" written by Zhang Ji when he visited Chengdu describes the real and unique ecological and humanistic picture scroll on the banks of the Jinjiang River, leaving Chengdu people with the most unforgettable memories: "The Jinjiang River is green in the west, and the lychees are ripe in the new rain mountains. There are many restaurants on the side of the bridge, and visitors love to stay at whom. ”
At that time, the west bank of the Jinjiang River, where the rain had stopped, was vast, and the mountains not far away seemed to have red embellishments among the greenery, which was the ripe lychee. There are many restaurants along the riverside and Wanli Bridge, which one is more suitable for staying? Yes, the beauty of Chengdu includes the beauty of Jinjiang's natural harmony and the beauty of the city's humanistic harmony. This embellishment of lychee red has also been concerned by many people in later generations, such as Yang Wanli wrote: "It seems that I heard Lang to the wind, and suddenly thought of Jinjiang lychee red." (Send Li Junliang's masterpiece out of Shoumeizhou).
Zhang Ji's other poem "Sending Shu Guest" is also very famous, he wrote in the poem: "Shu Ke went south to sacrifice Biji, and kapok sent Jinjiangxi." "Kapok, that is, the Panzhihua that Sichuan people say, has a fiery red color and a very high trunk, also known as the hero tree. The fiery red Panzhi flowers, like lychees, are almost impossible to see on the banks of the Jinjiang River now, but we can imagine what a moving picture of the Jinjiang River in full bloom.
Xue Tao's grievances
Xue Tao's Jinjiang, different from Liu Yuxi and Zhang Ji, is a description of the homeland, which can be different from the description of Li Bai Dufu, revealing the unique delicacy and resentment of women. In the spring breeze, by the Jinjiang River, and in the Tang Dynasty, the poetic soul of a waterfront paper maker and a poet chanted under the moon is forever engraved in the depths of the city's human history.
Xue Tao wrote in "Sending Zhang Yuanfu": "After the Qianxi became independent, the heron knew Zhu Yi and was not surprised. By asking about the sadness and loneliness of the world, Boyaxian is silent. In 790 A.D., Xue Tao, who returned to Chengdu from Songpan, took off his music and retired to the Huanhua River. At this time, her heart is no longer the wild talented girl in the past. She often wears a red dress, wanders quietly, ponders, and mutters her thoughts to the Jinjiang River, which flows quietly. She understands that everything in the world is not as clean as the clear water around her. Like comforting Du Fu, many years later, Jinjiang also comforted the frustrated Xue Tao. Perhaps, this is the real mission of this river? Comfort all the frustrated, so that they can get sincerity, sympathy and companionship that they do not have in the red dust around them.
However, time is like endless flowing water, bringing Xue Tao a lot of sorrows, difficulties, and of course, a lot of joy. This is reminiscent of the sentence of the Sichuan writer Mr. Ai Wu: "People are indeed like a river, and there will be filthy things thrown into it at any time on both sides ......."It only had to keep flowing forward, and the inevitable filth was naturally washed away......People have to be like a river, singing, singing, laughing, and rejoicing. "Xue Tao's life is like the endless Jinjiang River, washed away from the dust, leaving only talent and poetry.
As Yuan Zhi wrote in "Sending Xue Tao": "Jinjiang is slippery and greasy, and the eyebrows are beautiful, and Wenjun and Xue Tao are conjured up." "Without the beauty and beauty of Jinjiang, there would be no poetry and painting of talented women in Shu.
Anshun Covered Bridge on the Jinjiang River today (photo by Zhang Hai).
The Jinjiang River is murmuring, moistening Tianfu for hundreds of generations and thousands of years. In the stretching river, there is Su Shi's nostalgia, Lu You's passion, Yang Shen's soul, and the Qing people's fireworks ......The endless ecological beauty of Jinjiang is worthy of being chanted by the people of Chengdu.
Su Shi's nostalgia
Jianghan comes from the west, the high-rise building, the purple grapes are deep and blue. It still comes with its own snow waves, and the Jinjiang River is in spring. Jun is the beloved guard of Nanshan, and I am a guest for the sword and foreign thoughts. In the meantime, the scenery is ruthless, said diligently. In the words of "Manjianghong, Zhu Envoy Jun Shouchang of Ezhou", Su Dongpo saw the spring of the Jinjiang River flowing in the Hanjiang River in Hubei, and a feeling of homesickness arose: Who am I? I am the one outside the Sword Gate who longs to return to his hometown! At this time, Jinjiang became synonymous with his hometown, which made Su Dongpo, who had always been open-minded, also melancholy.
The same mood, the same free and easy Li Bai has also expressed. Leaving his hometown of Sichuan at the age of 25, Su Shi's career path was involuntarily uncontrollable, and he never set foot in his homeland again. Su Shi, who "forgot about Chengdu for ten years", even if he "thought about Jinjiang for thousands of miles", he could only "dream of returning to Jinjiang Bridge". The spring color of Jinjiang is not only spring, but also symbolizes the poet's youth, giving the poet great comfort and warmth in the autumn mood of middle age.
Jinjiang is Su Shi's nostalgia, and Jinjiang also satisfies the poet's beautiful imagination of Chengdu. The poet Wang Wei sent his friend back to Shu, and wrote in a tone full of envy: "Daluo Heavenly Immortals, the head flower of the Jinjiang River in the spring." is not a messenger for the blue chicken, but only the white crane to report to the villagers. The late Tang Dynasty poet and monk Qi Ji was the ** of Guan Xiu, and sighed in the poem "Sending Guan Xiu": "Zimei once chanted, and my teacher went back to chanting." It is a lot of resorts, and it is sold to the hearts of the two publics. "What kind of good method is Chengdu to make the two great poets Du Fu and Guan Xiu stay here willingly? He who has never been to Chengdu is also moved: "The brocade water flows in spring, and the snow is deep." When the Shu monk said, or the road is close to Guizhou. ”
Lu You's Fangxin
In Lu You's 85 years of life, 8 of the most passionate years were spent in Shudi. In his poems, there is not only the ardent expectation of "Jinjiang smoke willows to return" ("Planting Flowers"), but also the pure beauty of "Jinjiang Yalu hugging the mountains" ("Fast Sunshine"), as well as the longing of "Jinjiang Autumn Rain Hibiscus Old" ("Secluded Evening").
Lu You loves the plum on the bank of the Jinjiang River the most, and he boasts that he has been drunk with plum blossoms for ten years on the Jinjiang Road in front of the Qingyang Palace. After leaving Chengdu, he still remembered in his twilight years: "When I went to the west of Jincheng, I was drunk like mud for plum blossoms. Twenty miles of incense continues, Qingyang Palace to Huanhua Creek. He also wrote with sad strokes: "Thirty-three years of raising an eye, Jinjiang is only sad." The head of the stream suddenly saw plum blossom hair, just like when in the Qingyang Palace. ”
Today's Chengdu Qingyang Palace (photo by Zhang Hai).
Since the Tang Dynasty, Hejiang Pavilion has been a bustling and lively wharf ferry, Wei Gao built Fanghua Building and attic pavilion next to Hejiang Pavilion, and planted flowers and plants around it. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the prefect of Chengdu, Lu Dafang, ordered people to repair and replant plum blossoms. Lu You also used to enjoy it here: "The government is a plum blossom and remembers the two capitals, and the begonias are full of Jinguancheng." The crow hides the high willow and the yin is dense at the beginning, and the horse wades into the Qingjiang River and is not born. The wind swept the spring shirt and was shocked, and the wine tide jade cheeks were slightly slight. There is no time to wander in the last years, and the intestines are broken. (From Hejiang Pavilion to Zhao Yuan).
Today's Chengdu Hejiang Pavilion (photo by Zhang Hai).
Lu You is also a philosopher, "easy to find Hepu thousand pearls, difficult to find Jinjiang double carp" ("Chengdu Travel"), which not only expresses his yearning for beautiful things and beautiful feelings, but also shows his treasures of Jinjiang scenery. Huang Tingjian's descendant, Huang Jingren, a Qing man, also responded hundreds of years later: "The Jinjiang River is straight in the blue sky, looking forward to cutting off the head ruler carp." (Qihuai Sixteen Songs).
Yang Sheng'an's soul
Yang Shen, the word is repaired, the number is shengan, a native of Xindu, Sichuan (now Xindu District, Chengdu), is the head of the "Three Talents of the Ming Dynasty" and the only champion of Sichuan in the Ming Dynasty. Born in Beijing, he returned to his hometown of Chengdu at the age of 11 to show his talent, and on the road of life since then, he has written countless words and sentences expressing his affection for his hometown of Sichuan. In the Ming Dynasty, Yang Sheng'an's Jinjiang chant is undoubtedly one of the most worthy of appreciation of Shuzhong poetry.
In 1541, Yang Shen was hired to return to Chengdu to compile and revise the "Shu Zhi", which was later called the "Sichuan Tongzhi". After completion, he returned to Yunnan, contracted an illness on the way, and returned to Chengdu again. In 1542, Yang Shen visited Qingcheng Mountain and the newly governed Dujiangyan, and soon after, the imperial court urged him to return to Yunnan. On the occasion of parting, Sichuan friend Liu Shanchong went to the Jinjiang boat to feed him, he was very reluctant to Jincheng, so he wrote "Jinjin Boat to Wine Farewell Liu Shanchong": "Jinjiang Yanshui Xingqiao crossing, don't worry about climbing the trees on the river, the hometown of the green willows is far away, and the people who are in the wilderness go to .......""In the smoky, humid Chengdu Jinjiang Wharf, next to the ancient star bridge, the melancholy of parting stained the trees on both sides, here to break the willows, when can I return to this beautiful Jinjiang River. Go to the water of the Jinjiang River, and return to the water of the Jinjiang River. Yang Sheng'an's Jinjiang has achieved the unique poignancy and pathos in his Sichuan poetry, which is the deepest expression of Chengdu people.
The star bridge mentioned in the poem was originally located in the southwest of Chengdu, also known as the "Seven Star Bridge". "Huayang National Chronicles" contains: "(Chengdu) southwest two rivers have seven bridges. Yang Xiong's "Shu Ji": "There should be seven stars on the star bridge, made by Li Bing." "Although we can't see the style of Xingqiao today, there are still countless Chengdu people who come and go from the banks of the Jinjiang River, outlining the most beautiful changes in Chengdu.
It is also worth mentioning that in Yang Sheng'an's poems, "Xue Taojing" appeared for the first time, and since then, Xue Taojing under Wangjiang on the bank of the Jinjiang River has become a poetry for literati and sorcerers to rely on. "Heavy dew peach blossom Xue Taojing, light breeze poplar willow Wenjun. (Don't Zhou Changyan Huang Mengzhi) Yang Sheng'an is familiar with the famous places in Shu, and he has used and recommended them many times in his poems. Since then, such as the Qing dynasty Chen Ju's "Xue Taojing Nostalgia": "I remember that the Qingjiang River once worshiped the well, and now I travel to the well to hang the poet", and such as the Qing Zhou Houyuan's "Xue Taojing Poems": "The moon falls into the well and the shadow is fluttering, and the plain hair is fluttering and the snow is like this", and the Qing Liu Yuan's "The wind and waves are still uneven, and the river is accompanied by a sad voice" ("Xue Taojing") and other poems that chant Xue Taojing appear frequently. The poetry of Jinjiang has become thicker in the accumulation of years.
Today's section of the Jinjiang River in Chengdu (photo by Zhang Hai).
Fireworks of the Qing people
In the Qing Dynasty, many poets also sang about the Jinjiang River from different angles, and their poetic style, which is close to the life of the city, is the most beautiful and fireworks chapter for us to understand the life scene of the ancient people in Chengdu on the banks of the Jinjiang River.
Qian Zai, the word Kunyi, the number recommended stone, Kuangzun, Zhejiang Xiushui (now Jiaxing) people. In the seventeenth year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1752), he was a scholar and an official to the Ministry of Rites. His "Boating on the Jin River" celebrates the scenic spots along the coast one by one, making people feel as if they are on the Jin River and watching them along the coast. Among them, the poems are as follows: "The heart is in the Begonia Building, and the body has passed the Biji Fang", "What is the residence of the Jinguan, and the Jinyuan machine is a few sheets", "There is a well to visit Xue Tao, and there is a shore to wear and repair the fence", "The brocade is both fresh and fresh, and the paper is made with incense".
Yang Xie (active in the Qianlong and Daoguang years of the Qing Dynasty), the word is on the mountain, and the number is six on the mountain. A native of Chengdu, Sichuan. In the sixth year of Jiaqing (1801), he was raised as a teacher in Zengguan County, and wrote "Manuscript of Tree Tea House". The downstream of Hejiang Pavilion and the upstream of Xue Taojing are Jiuyan Bridge. Every year during the Dragon Boat Festival, the Jinjiang water surface dragon boat race is the most lively time at the Jiuyan Bridge Water Wharf. Yang Xie has a poem: "The dragon boat Jinshui says Duanyang, and the mugwort leaves and calamus are fragrant." The children of the miscellaneous hairpins are taught to smear the nose and ears with male yellow. Qing Fang Yubin's "Jianglou Bamboo Branch Words" is the same thing, and the poem is cloudy: "The green waves are like mirrors that want to float in the sky, and the Dragon Boat Festival people swim by the water." Draw oars and red trees to slap the water, and thousands of heads compete to see the dragon boat. Wu Haoshan of the Qing Dynasty also has a poem of "Chengdu Bamboo Branches", which depicts the folk scene in the area of Hejiang Pavilion: "Anshun bridgehead looks at the painting boat, and Wuhou Temple asks for the spirit sign."
Wei Fangshan, the word Qinglan, a native of Chengdu, was raised in the thirteenth year of Jiaqing (1808). He has a poem "Quatrain": "The famous flowers in the brocade are blooming, and the flowers cover the autumn light." The fishing boat swept the smoke and cut through the three-foot brocade of the Jinjiang River. "We don't know whether the precious flowers along the Jinjiang River are hollyhocks or hibiscus. The brilliance of the flowers and the poignancy of autumn condense into a static picture of Geumjiang. A flat boat sailed from the smoke waves, turned out to be a fishing boat, as if the Jinjiang River surface like a three-foot Shu brocade sparkling waves - this is a dynamic and agile beauty, the beauty of man and nature, rivers and fireworks is intoxicating.
Wang Zaixian, whose name is Zeshan, is a native of Wenjiang, Sichuan (now Wenjiang District, Chengdu). Xianfeng Renzi (1852) raised people and stayed in Beijing for several decades. He is the author of "Yantai Collection", "Nanyou Xiaocao", "Zeshan Yuefu" and so on. Wang Zaixian has a group of "Chengdu Bamboo Branches", which writes the fireworks of Chengdu in the late Qing Dynasty vividly, and is very optimistic about Chengdu people. One of them depicts the comfortable scene of Chengdu people walking on the banks of the Jinjiang River during the Qingming Festival: "After the drizzle, the soft soil is red and fragrant. The flowers on the side of the bridge are like fire, and the cuckoo bird calls the cuckoo to open. ”
The murmuring of the Jinjiang River, moistening Tianfu for hundreds of generations and thousands of years, in the trickling ripples, we read the culture, history and harmony of a city. The most beautiful aria for the Jinjiang River may be "the world is rare by the Jinjiang River", whether it is the scenery and sorrow of the Tang and Song dynasties, or the ancient and graceful atmosphere of the market, the endless ecological beauty of the Jinjiang River is worthy of the people of Chengdu to chant from the bottom of their hearts.
*: Huaxi*** January 8, 2024 A15 version, January 15, 2024 A15 version.
Author: Xu Yongqiang.