1. Overview
Free-range pig breeding is a traditional breeding method, which has a more natural and healthy breeding environment compared with intensive farming. Under free-range conditions, pigs can move freely in their natural environment and eat natural foods, resulting in healthier pork. However, in order to successfully raise free-range pigs, certain skills and methods need to be mastered. This article will introduce in detail the breeding methods of free-range pigs, including the construction of pig houses, the selection of breeding pigs, feeding management, disease prevention and control, etc.
Second, the construction of pig houses
The pig house is the infrastructure for free-range pigs, and its construction should follow the principle of adapting measures to local conditions and being economical and practical. Pig barns should be built in a place with flat terrain, sufficient water sources and convenient transportation, and at the same time should be far away from residential areas and pollution sources. The size of the pig house should be determined according to the scale of breeding and the size of the site, generally each pig needs 3-5 square meters of space. The interior of the pig house should be divided into a rest area, a feeding area and an excretion area, and be equipped with corresponding facilities, such as troughs, drinking fountains, warm facilities, etc.
Third, the selection of breeding pigs
Selecting high-quality breeding animals is the key to the success of free-range pig farming. Breeding pigs should have excellent traits such as strong adaptability, tolerance to rough feeding, fast growth rate, and good meat quality. When selecting breeding pigs, it is necessary to choose individuals with pure breeds, healthy and disease-free, and good performance. The breeds of free-range pigs can be selected Duroc pigs, Landrace pigs, York pigs, Pitland pigs, Huai pigs, Fujian flower pigs, black pigs, etc., at the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the age and weight of the breeding pigs, and reasonably arrange breeding and production according to the breeding plan.
Fourth, feeding management
1.Feed management
Free-range pigs are mainly based on natural food, supplemented by a small amount of artificial feed. Natural foods include grass, vegetables, fruits, etc., and artificial feed is mainly corn, barley and other grain feed. In the process of feeding, it is necessary to reasonably match the feed according to the different growth stages of the pigs to ensure balanced nutrition. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the feed is mildew and pollution-free, and the feed is regularly inspected for quality.
2.Drinking water management
Ensuring adequate drinking water is an important condition for the healthy growth of free-range pigs. Drinking water facilities should be inspected regularly to ensure that the water quality is clean and sufficient. During the hot season, increase your water intake and add the right amount of nutrients such as salt and vitamins.
3.Day-to-day management
Daily management includes regular inspections of the pig barn, cleaning of the pig barn, disinfection, etc. It is necessary to pay close attention to the growth of pigs, and find and deal with abnormal conditions in time. At the same time, it is necessary to do a good job in the immunization of pigs, and regularly carry out deworming and medicinal baths. In the high temperature season, ventilation and cooling should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence of heat stroke and heat stroke. In the cold season, it is necessary to keep warm to prevent the occurrence of respiratory diseases such as colds and pneumonia.
4.Environmental protection measures
Free-range pigs are easy to pollute the environment, so corresponding environmental protection measures must be taken. It is necessary to rationally plan the stocking area to avoid pollution of water sources and farmland. At the same time, it is necessary to build corresponding manure treatment facilities to carry out harmless treatment and resource utilization of pig manure. Bio-fermentation technology can be used to convert pig manure into organic fertilizer or biogas to realize the recycling of waste.
5. Disease prevention and control
Disease prevention and control is an important task in the process of free-range pig breeding. Regular vaccination and deworming should be carried out, and biosecurity measures should be strengthened to prevent the spread and occurrence of epidemics. Once the epidemic is discovered, isolation and ** measures should be taken in time to prevent the spread of the epidemic. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen contact and cooperation with local veterinary departments, report the epidemic situation in a timely manner and seek help and advice.
VI. Conclusions
In short, the breeding method of free-range pigs needs to consider many factors, including the construction of pig houses, the selection of breeding pigs, feeding management, disease prevention and control, etc. Only on the basis of mastering these basic knowledge and skills can the breeding of free-range pigs be carried out successfully. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to environmental protection and sustainable development, and achieve the dual goals of economic and ecological benefits. Through continuous exploration and practice, we believe that the breeding method of free-range pigs will become more and more perfect and scientific.