This article is from "Nankai Sun Pharmacist", which is used for medical science popularization for reference. Natural gamma oryzanol is mainly found in corn, wheat, barley and other grains, is a binding lipid of ferulic acid and phytosterols, the drug gamma oryzanol used in clinical practice is mainly extracted from germ oil and rice bran oil, is an antioxidant, has the effect of regulating autonomic nerve dysfunction and endocrine balance disorders, and is mainly used in clinical sedation and sleep aid for neurosis, premenstrual tension syndrome, menopausal syndrome, and can stabilize mood, improve anxiety and tension, and have a certain regulatory effect on neurasthenia. It can be used as an adjunct to mild insomnia**, but has little effect on moderate and severe insomnia. The effect of gamma oryzanol on insomnia is mainly to regulate, and it itself has no hypnotic effect, such as the elderly are easy to wake up at night, take 2-3 tablets of gamma oryzanol before going to bed, which can improve sleep quality.
Sulepam belongs to the classical benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic drugs, which mainly act on the central benzodiazepine receptors, increase the binding of the inhibitory neurotransmitter - aminobutyric acid to the receptor, strengthen the synaptic transmission of -aminobutyric acid, thereby causing inhibition of different parts of the central nervous system, to achieve sedative hypnosis, anti-anxiety, anticonvulsant, anti-epilepsy and muscle relaxation, etc., mainly used in clinical practice for ** insomnia and anxiety disorders, which can significantly shorten the time to fall asleep, prolong the duration of sleep, reduce the number of awakenings, and increase the total sleep time. Improving sleep quality is not only suitable for difficulty falling asleep, but also for sleep maintenance disorders, has a definite sedative-hypnotic effect, and is an effective drug for insomnia.
In terms of safety, gamma oryzanol is mainly extracted from cereals, with good safety and tolerance, short-term use, less and slight, generally discontinued can be relieved or recovered, common nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, gastrointestinal discomfort, hair loss, weight gain, breast swelling and other adverse reactions. Sulepam is a medium-effect sedative-hypnotic drug, with a long half-life, common hangover phenomena such as drowsiness, drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue and so on, and can increase the risk of falls in the elderly, interfere with the establishment of memory pathways, resulting in memory loss, especially for recent memory, tremor, ataxia and respiratory depression can occur in large doses, long-term use can produce dependence, and even addiction, sudden withdrawal can cause withdrawal symptoms, manifested as depression, agitation, headache, anxiety, dizziness, insomnia and other symptoms. Overall, the safety of sulazepam is not as safe as that of gamma oryzanol.
In short, gamma oryzanol is a mixture of oils, mainly extracted from cereals, which can play a calming and sleep-aiding role by regulating autonomic nervous disorders, but gamma oryzanol itself has no hypnotic effect, and can be used to regulate mild insomnia, which is ineffective for moderate and severe insomnia. Suleam is a benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic drug, which has a clear hypnotic effect and can be used for difficulty falling asleep and sleep maintenance disorders, but there are many adverse reactions, long-term use can lead to dependence and addiction, and the overall safety is not as good as gamma oryzanol. In clinical application, gamma oryzanol is preferred for sleep disorders caused by autonomic nervous disorders, and sulepazem, which is preferred for insomnia.