"Mao Wenlong seized Zhenjiang with 200 people, captured the rebels, and offered it to His Majesty, without spending the country a handful of iron, a bunch of grass, and a bucket of grain. This miracle is really wonderful, and you can send it to the side! Is it easy to get such a husband? So that now there are three dragons, slaves can be captured, Liao can be restored, Yongfang, nourishment can sit and bind and provoke the drum down. —Dong Qichang.Mao Wenlong, whose name is Zhennan, was born in Qiantang County, Hangzhou Prefecture, Zhejiang Province (now Shangcheng District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province). Mao Wenlong, who was born in the hometown of literature and ink in the south of the Yangtze River, did not like to read since he was a child, but he was very interested in military books and war strategies, and he was known to have the ambition of prancing horses. In the thirty-third year of Wanli (1605), Mao Wenlong was recommended by others to serve in the army under Li Chengliang, the general soldier of Liaodong, and Li Chengliang appointed him as one hundred households in Anshan (now Anshan, Liaoning), and later promoted to Liaoyang Qianzong. Then, after years of bloody battles in Liaodong, he accumulated to 10,000 households.
In the forty-seventh year of Wanli (1619), the Great Khan of Houjin Nurhachi broke the Ming army in the Battle of Sarhu, and then captured Kaiyuan, Tieling and other important towns in Liaodong, and Liaodong was shaken. Mao Wenlong was ordered to assist the Shenyang guerrillas against Bai Shijue's guards of Shenyang and take charge of the Iron Cavalry Battalion. Mao Wenlong was well versed in the terrain of eastern Liaodong, and relied on the favorable terrain to build a defensive line in the area of Kuandian and Sanyang, temporarily containing the offensive of Houjin. In March of the first year of the Apocalypse (1621), Nurhachi took advantage of the deposition of the Ming army when Xiong Tingbi, the supreme commander of Liaodong, was deposed, and launched a new ** trend to capture all the strongholds of the Ming army east of the Liaohe River, and the situation in Liaodong collapsed again. Mao Wenlong also defeated the army and retreated to the right tunwei of Guangning in western Liaoning, coinciding with the new Liaodong governor Wang Huazhen in the selection of outstanding generals in various places, heard that Mao Wenlong had a good strategy, Wang Huazhen promoted Mao Wenlong to train troops and guerrillas, and ordered Mao Wenlong to go deep into the Houjin control area of Liaodong, waiting for an opportunity to seize Zhenjiang Fort (now Dandong, Liaoning) at the mouth of the Yalu River.
Mao Wenlong led 197 temporarily convened soldiers into the sea in 4 sand boats, plotted against the Jin Han generals Yang Yuwei, Shan Duzhong, Liu Aita and others, and pacified the Han people on the coastal islands of Liaodong, recruiting more than 1,400 soldiers. On July 18, the first year of the Apocalypse (1621), Mao Wenlong sailed to the place of Michuan Fort in Longchuan, North Korea, and plotted against Chen Liangce, the former Han general Zhenjiang Zhongjun. On July 19, with the cooperation of Chen Liangce, Mao Wenlong captured Zhenjiang Fort and captured Houjin Zhenjiang guerrilla Tong Yangzhen. After Mao Wenlong recovered Zhenjiang Fort, he used Zhenjiang Fort as a base to send troops to attack the rear of the Houjin, and actively instigated the Han people in the Houjin control area to resist.
Soon after, Nurhachi sent the second Bel Amin and the fourth Belle Huang Taiji to lead the elite eight banners to attack Zhenjiang Fort, Mao Wenlong saw that the Qing army was strong, and in order to preserve the vitality, he had to lead his troops and 30,000 Liao people to cross the Yalu River to take refuge in North Korea. After the main force of the Later Jin retreated, Mao Wenlong regained Zhenjiang Fort, and then continued to launch a "guerrilla war" with the Later Jin, which caused Nurhachi a headache. Because of Mao Wenlong's outstanding performance, the Ming court promoted him to the deputy commander-in-chief of Pingliao, and Wang Huazhen also sent people to transport grain, grass and ordnance to supplement Mao Wenlong, and Mao Wenlong's power was even stronger. In the summer of the second year of the Apocalypse (1622), the Ming court requisitioned 3000 Fujian soldiers, 8000 Huai soldiers and 3100 Zhejiang soldiers to supplement its troops. Mao Wenlong was also promoted to the chief military officer of Pingliao, and the governor of the left army was the governor of the palace.
In November of the second year of the Apocalypse (1622), Mao Wenlong moved his headquarters to Phi Island (now North Korea's Xundao, east of the Yalu River estuary, also known as Dongjiang), and soon after, the Ming court set up Dongjiang Town, with Mao Wenlong as the chief military officer of Dongjiang Town. On the second day of the seventh month of the third year of the Apocalypse (1623), Mao Wenlong led his troops to attack Jinzhou City at night. In the same month, Mao Wenlong took advantage of Nurhachi's use of troops in Liaodong to organize the Fifth Route Army to attack Houjin, which made Nurhachi exhausted and suffered heavy losses between Liaoyang, Tianshui Station, Manpu and Changcheng, and completely smashed Nurhachi's plan to attack Shanhaiguan.
At that time, Yuan Keli, the governor of Denglai, went to the court to ask for merit for Mao Wenlong: "The slave chief (Houjin Eight Banners) went against the sky and committed a crime, and it has been seven years now. Lai Maoshuai advocated righteousness, repeatedly won miracles, and made a big show of anger. According to the reported merit level analysis, there were more than 30 battles before and after, a total of 1,97 levels of beheading, a total of 50,000 pieces of equipment, bows and arrows, etc. When the Holy Lord was in danger, and the people were in danger, there was this miracle overseas, and the officers and soldiers who should be rewarded and compassionate should be rewarded by His Majesty, and the corresponding troops should be surveyed according to the imperial history, and then the order of the discussion, so as to wait for the implementation of Yu's decree. ”
After many years, Mao Wenlong repeatedly organized the "big move" of the Houjin Dynasty, the Houjin suffered from the Phi Island hanging overseas, Mao Wenlong had both wisdom and bravery, and there was no way for Mao Wenlong, Mao Wenlong's actions were beneficial to cooperate with the frontal battlefield of the Ming army in Liaodong, and the end of the Apocalypse Dynasty (1620-1626), the Houjin was never able to launch a large-scale offensive in Liaodong, and Mao Wenlong's efforts were indispensable.
In the seventh year of the Apocalypse (1627), the Emperor of the Apocalypse Zhu Youxiao died, and the King of the Letter Zhu Youzhen succeeded him as Emperor Chongzhen. After Zhu Youzhen ascended to the throne, Yuan Chonghuan was the supreme commander of the Ming Army in Liaodong, and Yuan Chonghuan boasted of "five years to calm Liaodong". Yuan Shikai planned to contact Mao Wenlong and North Korea to attack Houjin in three ways, but the disparity in strength was too great, and Mao Wenlong refused to carry out such a risky plan, which was hated by Yuan Chonghuan. In the second year of Chongzhen (1629), Yuan Chonghuan booby-trapped Mao Wenlong in the name of a military parade, and a generation of famous generals withdrew from the stage of history.
After the death of Mao Wenlong, the Ming army in Dongjiang Town was leaderless and fell into infighting, and Houjin took the opportunity to capture Phi Island and completely removed the thorn in the flesh.