BEIJING, Feb. 6 (Reporter Sun Zifa) Springer Nature's professional academic journal Nature Nature recently published a ** article that the global average surface temperature warming may have exceeded 15°C, which could exceed 2°C by the end of this decade (i.e. before 2030). This ** is based on a 300-year record of ocean temperature preserved by a Caribbean sponge skeleton.
According to the introduction, global warming is causing major changes in the Earth's climate. The 2015 Paris Agreement aims to limit warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, and to limit warming to 1.0 pre-industrial levelsBelow 5°C. Historical observations and data on ocean temperatures are limited, but historical events can be studied through proxy recording. One of these proxies is the hard sponge, a long-lived species whose calcium carbonate skeleton records changes in chemicals and is a natural archive of ocean temperatures.
*First author and corresponding author, Malcolm T., University of Western Australia, AustraliaMcCulloch and his colleagues and collaborators explored the temperatures of the oceanic mixture (the area where water and atmosphere meet) over the past 300 years using hard sponge specimens collected in the eastern Caribbean, where temperatures naturally vary less than elsewhere, and then calibrated the data with observational records from the HADSS4 sea surface temperature dataset, and when they compared these datasets, they found that these new temperature records showed a high correlation from 1961 to the present.
Based on these sponge records, the study shows that the pre-industrial period can be defined by stable temperatures between 1700 and 1790 and 1840 and 1860, with a gap caused by a period of volcanic activity-related cooling. **The authors argue that anthropogenic-related warming began in the mid-1860s and became noticeable in the mid-1870s. This is 80 years earlier than the instrumental sea surface record (from the HADSS4 dataset), but is consistent with previous paleoclimatic reconstructions.
*The authors conclude that these findings have implications for existing global warming. They point out that the records show a reference period (1961 to 1990) used to calculate the anomaly, with an increase of about 09°c。By comparison, the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) currently estimates a warming of 0 over this period relative to pre-industrial levels between 1850 and 19004°c。Using these temperature records, the authors estimate 1A warming level of 5°C may have been reached, with an average surface warming of 17°C could occur between 2018 and 2022.
In a concurrent "News & Opinion" article, Deng Wenfeng, a researcher at the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, noted that the study showed that limiting global warming to 1The opportunity to go below 5°C may have been missed, and the goal of limiting warming to no more than 2°C could be exceeded by the end of the decade. The outcome calls for fast, effective and informed action on the global climate crisis. (ENDS).