Resources.
м1806). "ист" (in russian). vol. 2. сp. 72.
с1951). in russian). p. 272.
The Japanese consider the goods of ** to be "real garbage". Although fox fur is highly valued in Russia, in Japan it is considered the ...... of "the fur of an unclean animal".
Russia's first circumnavigation of the world took place between August 1803 and August 1806, with a fleet of two ships: the Nadezhda and the Neva, commanded by Adam Johann von Krusenstein and Yuri Lisznsky, respectively.
The main purpose of this voyage was to establish diplomatic and economic relations with Japan and to establish a ** port in China.
To assist in this circumnavigation of the world, a large diplomatic delegation was sent under the leadership of Ambassador Plenipotentiary Nikolai Rezanov, who was also a "high-ranking representative" of Russian-American companies.
The fleet departed from the port of Kronstadt in the northwest of ** on August 7, 1803, and stopped at Copenhagen (Denmark), Falmouth, England, Tenerife, Brazil and Hawaii (above).
When the fleet reached the Hawaiian Islands in June 1804, the two ships parted ways: the Nadezhda went to Kamchatka and Japan, while the Neva went to Kodiak Island in Alaska, where it stayed for 14 months and participated in the Battle of Sitka (a major armed conflict between Russians and Alaska Natives).
In December 1805, the two ships were reunited in the port of Guangzhou, China (below). After leaving China, they sailed together for a short time before returning to Kronstadt independently in August 1806.
It is worth mentioning the experience of the Nadezhda when it arrived in Japan. At that time, relations with the countries of the East were not a priority for the ** authorities.
Before the Nadezhda arrived in Japan, Rezanov pointed out: "We must respect Japanese habits and make decisions, without being humble or arrogant." Because when the previous ** envoy arrived in Japan, the local ** only allowed one ship to stay in the bay.
In this case, Rezanov believes that ** agreement will be concluded between the two countries and ** relations will be established in Nagasaki or Hokkaido. In order to curry favor with the Japanese side, Rezanov prepared 50 boxes with gifts for the Japanese authorities, hoping to arouse the interest of the Japanese in potential trading items.
The objects are mainly made of glass and crystal, including chandeliers, candlesticks, 15 crystal and marble crafts of different colors, 71 large mirrors and 25 small mirrors, six sets of porcelain from the Imperial Porcelain Factory, ivory vases, fur products, etc. (below, ** missions and gifts drawn by the Japanese).
Later historical records recorded that Rezanov wanted to give gifts that the Japanese did not accept, because the Japanese considered them "real garbage". For example, although fox furs are highly valued in Russia, in Japan they are considered "fox fur" or "fur of unclean animals".
The only thing that really aroused the interest of the Japanese side was the elephant-shaped clock (British work) in the Hermitage Museum, which was able to turn the nose and ears, and the kaleidoscope ...... made by the Russian inventor Ivan Kulibin
From a political point of view, the expedition was unsuccessful, since the Japanese authorities refused to establish diplomatic relations with **. In 1805, Rezanov and his entourage left Japan and landed in Kamchatka.
They later also participated in a discussion meeting on the annexation of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands by the Russian army, which worsened relations between Russia and Japan.
The fleet made several discoveries in the Pacific Ocean, naming and describing islands, archipelagos, capes, coral reefs and straits.
In addition, the fleet collected several pieces of botanical, zoological and ethnographic information. Many of those who participated in this expedition published books about their travels in several languages.
History Geography
Russia, Japan
Guangzhou, Guangdong
International Alaska
United States, United Kingdom
Hawaii Military
Resources. ер1806). "ист" (in russian). vol. 2. сp. 72.
с1951). in russian). p. 272.