Due to the lack of sewage pipes, rural sewage is often discharged through self-built ditches and eventually flows into the village ponds. The long-term accumulation of lack of treatment has led to the blackening and smelly of water, and the accumulation of thick silt in the ditches, which has seriously affected the quality of life of farmers. In recent years, China has taken some measures in the governance of rural human settlements and achieved certain results, but the problem of rural sewage discharge is far from being completely solved, and further in-depth treatment is still needed. Just entering 2024, the two relevant departments jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Further Promoting Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment", proposing measures such as improving the governance mechanism, clarifying key areas and implementing governance and control policies in sub-regions. Below, we'll break down these new developments in more detail.
In the new year, the rural sewage treatment will draw on the experience and practices of the "Ten Million Project", and focus on "adapting measures to local conditions and implementing policies by category; Economical and cascade advancement; Typical guidance, construction and management". Different governance strategies are adopted for different types of rural villages.
In scattered villages, due to the small permanent population, the layout is also scattered, and centralized governance cannot be carried out. Therefore, for these villages, we can make full use of the geographical and natural conditions, and combine manure treatment with rural courtyard economy and agricultural green development under the premise of meeting relevant standards, so as to realize the treatment of rural domestic sewage with local resource utilization.
For example, in the vast farmland, sewage treatment facilities can be built, and the farmland can be used for plant absorption, soil purification, water recycling and other treatment processes, so that rural domestic sewage can be rationally utilized, and at the same time promote the sustainable development of farmland.
For villages that are close to the border with cities and towns and have the conditions for extension, a new governance model can be adopted. That is, the sewage from these villages will be directly integrated into the urban sewage pipe network for treatment, or a centralized collection and storage system will be built to transfer rural domestic sewage to urban sewage treatment plants for treatment.
Through the integration with cities and towns, with the help of urban sewage treatment facilities and technologies, it can effectively solve the problem that rural sewage cannot be treated centrally and improve the quality of rural living environment.
For villages with relatively concentrated populations, where a large amount of sewage is generated every day, a relatively centralized or centralized treatment method can be adopted. In the process of treatment, it is necessary to fully consider the water quality, quantity, change characteristics and regional water environment improvement needs, and select appropriate treatment technologies.
For example, sewage treatment plants can be built to carry out centralized treatment at village concentries, and through physical, chemical and biological treatment, sewage can be treated into water quality that meets discharge standards, so as to ensure that rural sewage discharge meets environmental requirements.
In the process of sub-regional rural sewage treatment, the new guidelines emphasize the importance of villagers' participation mechanisms. In the process of building and managing sewage treatment facilities, it is necessary to actively guide villagers to reduce the phenomenon of indiscriminate dumping of rural domestic sewage from the source.
By strengthening the environmental awareness education of villagers, guide them to properly dispose of domestic sewage and avoid random discharge. At the same time, farmers can also be encouraged to use sufficient resources to reuse domestic sewage scientifically on the spot to achieve resource utilization.
When every villager can participate in rural sewage treatment and reduce the phenomenon of indiscriminate sewage discharge, it will be possible to realize the livability and business of the village earlier, and gradually eliminate the black and odorous water body. Therefore, after the implementation of new treatment measures, the active participation of villagers will become the key to promoting rural sewage treatment.
Through the newly issued guidance, new progress has been made in rural sewage treatment. Under the principle of categorical policies and adapting measures to local conditions, corresponding governance measures should be taken for different types of rural villages. Through integration with cities and towns, resource recycling, etc., the problem of rural sewage discharge will be solved and the living environment of farmers will be improved. At the same time, the significance of villagers' participation was emphasized, and they were guided to develop good environmental protection habits, reduce the phenomenon of indiscriminate sewage discharge, and achieve the treatment goals.
This series of policies and measures provides effective guidance and support for rural sewage treatment, which is expected to create a livable rural environment for farmers, promote rural economic development, and promote sustainable agricultural development.
As key stakeholders in rural wastewater treatment, villagers need to actively participate in and support the treatment work. Only with the joint efforts of the whole society can we achieve the long-term goal of rural sewage treatment and build beautiful and livable villages.
Similarly, as a member of society, we should also pay attention to and support the work of rural sewage treatment. We can contribute to rural sewage treatment by reducing the excessive use of pesticides in agricultural products and rational use of water resources, so as to create a clean and beautiful rural living environment. Only in this way can the quality of life of the peasants be guaranteed and the development of the rural areas reach a new level. Let us work together to contribute to the success of rural sewage treatment.