Cybersecurity is an issue that cannot be ignored in today's digital age. In this era of information, a large amount of sensitive information needs to be transmitted, and the privacy of users is becoming more and more concerned. To ensure the security of data during transmission, HTTPS (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure) came into being. This article will delve into how https ensures the security of transmission through multiple key points.
Encrypted transmission. HTTPS uses SSL TLS (Secure Sockets Layer Transport Layer Security) protocol to encrypt data transmission. This means that even if the data is intercepted by a third party, its plaintext content cannot be read. The SSL TLS protocol uses a public-key cryptography algorithm to ensure the confidentiality of data during transmission. This cryptographic algorithm uses a public key for encryption and decryption, with the public key being freely distributed to everyone and the private key being owned only by the server. The client uses the public key to encrypt the data transmitted to the server, and the server uses the private key to decrypt the data, thus ensuring the confidentiality of the data. As the strength of encryption algorithms and the length of keys continue to increase, the security of HTTPS transmissions is also increasing.
Digital certificate authentication.
https verifies the identity of the server through a digital certificate. A digital certificate is issued by a trusted certificate authority and contains the server's public key and related information. When a client sends a request to the server, the server sends a digital certificate to the client. By verifying the legitimacy of the digital certificate, the client ensures that it is connected to the correct server, thus avoiding man-in-the-middle attacks. Digital certificates prevent attackers from forging server identities and provide a secure and reliable authentication mechanism.
Security negotiation. When an HTTPS connection is established, security negotiation is conducted between the client and the server to determine parameters such as the encryption algorithm and key length. This process is called the TLS handshake protocol. Through security negotiation, the two parties negotiate a suitable encryption suite to ensure the security of data transmission. In this process, the client first sends a "ClientHello" message to the server, which contains information such as the supported cipher suite, TLS version, etc. The server returns a "serverhello" message with information such as the selected cipher suite, TLS version, and so on. The client and server also exchange information such as digital certificates, random numbers, etc., which are used to generate keys and calculate summary values. Through security negotiation, the client and server work together to determine how to encrypt and decrypt the data, protecting the confidentiality of the data.
Data Integrity.
HTTPS uses a message digest algorithm, such as SHA-256, to perform digest calculations on the transmitted data. The digest value is then encrypted by an encryption algorithm and appended to the data. The receiver can verify that the data has not been tampered with by decrypting and calculating the summary value. This process is called Message Authentication Code (MAC) validation. During data transmission, if the data is tampered with, the value of the MAC will also change, and the receiver will find that the data has been tampered with. This guarantees the integrity of the data and prevents the risk of data tampering.
HTTP 2 protocol is supported.
HTTPS is commonly used with the HTTP 2 protocol. The HTTP 2 protocol introduces technologies such as multiplexing and header compression to improve the loading speed of web pages while maintaining the security of transmission. The HTTP 2 protocol is better than HTTP 11 The protocol is faster, more efficient, and more secure, so it is widely used in all kinds of ** and applications.
Security certificate monitoring.
Modern browsers validate the digital certificate used in the HTTPS connection and alert the user if there is a security risk. If the certificate expires, is revoked, or doesn't match the domain name, the browser warns the user from potential security threats. In digital certificate monitoring, the browser sends a query request to the certificate authority to confirm the legitimacy of the digital certificate and ensure that the digital certificate has not been forged or tampered with.
In short, the security of network communication is an issue that cannot be ignored in today's digital age. HTTPS ensures the security and integrity of data during transmission through key points such as encrypted transmission, digital certificate authentication, security negotiation, data integrity, and security certificate monitoring. It provides users with a reliable way to handle sensitive information and avoids the risk of data leakage and tampering. In today's network environment, HTTPS has become an important tool to ensure user privacy and data security, and is widely used in all kinds of applications and applications. We believe that the future of the Internet will be safer, more open and more convenient.