Some people will encounter the situation that the doctor recommends doing a [glucose tolerance test] after the hospital physical examination, or pregnant women in the prenatal checkup.
Principles of glucose tolerance test: After taking a certain amount of glucose (75g of anhydrous glucose), the blood sugar is measured at certain intervals, and the changes in blood glucose concentration before and after sugar administration are observed to determine the body's glucose metabolism and insulin secretion, this test is called oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
Oral glucose tolerance test is commonly used in clinical practice to diagnose patients with abnormal glucose metabolism.
The examiner took fasting venous blood in the early morning to measure blood glucose concentration, and then took 75g of glucose at a time, 05 hours, 1 hour, 2 hours (if necessary, it can also be in 3 hours, the specific number of blood draws should be according to the needs, the doctor will tell you) each measure blood glucose 1 time, the time to measure blood sugar is the abscissa (0 on an empty stomach), the blood glucose concentration is the ordinate, and the glucose tolerance curve is drawn. Normal people take 0 after taking sugar5 1-hour blood glucose peaks, then gradually decreases, generally returning to normal values in about 2 hours; The fasting blood glucose level of diabetic patients is higher than normal, and the blood glucose concentration rises sharply after taking sugar, and it is still higher than normal after 2 hours.
Glucose tolerance testing is mostly used in patients with suspected diabetesPeople who have the following conditions often need to have a glucose tolerance test
1) Diabetes mellitus is suspected, but it cannot be determined by a blood glucose test alone.
2) If the fasting blood glucose is within the normal value, close to the normal high limit, the fasting is generally between 57~6.1mmol/l。
3) Blood sugar is above the normal range, but does not meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes. For example, fasting blood sugar 61-6.9 mmol l, blood glucose 7 at 2 hours after meals8-10.9mmol/l。Further glucose tolerance is required to determine whether the diagnosis of diabetes has been achieved.
4) Overweight, body weight greater than 115% of normal body weight, or body mass index (BMI) 25.
5) Those who have a family history of diabetes in their immediate family.
6) Patients with high blood lipids, hypertension or macrovascular disease.
7) Older pregnant women (> 30 years old), those with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus, or those who have given birth to a large baby (weighing 4kg at birth). It is now also recommended that all pregnant women undergo a glucose tolerance test at 24 weeks (fasting, 1 hour and 2 hours after taking sugar water) to check for gestational diabetes.
8) For patients with diagnosed diabetes mellitus, the peak blood glucose secretion, insulin secretion function or C-peptide secretion rules should be further clarified.
9) Patients who need to rule out renal diabetes.