The first peasant rebel army to attack Haizhou was Wang Lun's rebel army in the third year of Song Renzong's Qingli. Wang Lun, described in "Water Margin", was born as a scholar, and due to repeated failures, he and Du Qian, Song Wan, and Zhu Gui occupied Liangshan Boluocao as a coward, robbed past merchants, and operated Liangshanbo Cottage. But Wang Lun in history is not the white-clothed Xiushi in the **, but the official soldiers of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Wang Lun, the word is right, a native of Shen County. He is tall and burly, chivalrous and righteous, not afraid of **, and has a certain reputation in the Tiger Wing Army. In 1043, there was a great drought in Yizhou, Shandong, followed by a locust plague, the countryside was barren, and there was no harvest. The government's ineffective relief efforts led to looting of the government's granaries and riots. In May, Zhu Jin, the inspector, led his subordinates, known as "thieves and tiger wingers", and was ordered to go to Yizhou to suppress them. In order to hurry, Zhu Jin ordered the officers to urge with leather whips, and the "tiger winged pawns" soldiers added sticks when they were slightly dissatisfied.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, in order to alleviate the protests of the people in the disaster areas, the imperial court implemented a policy of conscription among the hungry people. Most of the lower-level soldiers of the Song Dynasty army were composed of hungry people in the disaster area. The Northern Song Dynasty emphasized literature over military force, and Song Renzong adopted the policy of paying tribute to ensure peace in Western Xia and Northern Liao, and sent a large amount of money and silk away, resulting in a financial deficit, an empty treasury, and insufficient military spending. As a result, it was common for soldiers to withhold their salaries in the army, and low-level soldiers were very dissatisfied.
Most of the tiger wingers were born in poverty, and there were dead bones on the road they saw on the way, and the fields were everywhere, and they felt empathy and compassion. The Tiger Wing soldiers sympathized with the victims of the Yizhou disaster, were reluctant to go to suppress it, and hated Zhu Jin, the patrol envoy, and the rebellion overflowed in the army. One of the soldiers of the Tiger Wing Stroke named Wang Lun stood up and contacted forty or fifty soldiers to resist the inspection envoy Zhu Jin and raise troops to revolt.
The soldiers pushed Wang Lun as the leader, and together with the rebels, they first attacked Qingzhou (Qingzhou City, Shandong), and were surrounded by the officials and troops of Jingdong Road, so they waved their troops south to attack Mizhou (Zhucheng, Shandong) and Haizhou (Lianyungang City, Jiangsu). There is no record in the History of the Song Dynasty.
At this time, Wang Lun's rebel army grew from forty or fifty people to two or three hundred. In order to call on the masses, Wang Lun "put on official titles, wore yellow clothes, and changed the name of the year", and his subordinates "all stabbed the sky and descended to the Holy Command", and they opened warehouses along the way to release grain, which was warmly welcomed by the poor peasants. "Ouyang Xiuyan: Just like the officials in Huainan, they have a banquet with Wang Lun, lead the people to give gold and silk, and open the door to accept thieves and ......They plundered and drummed out of the city. "Wang Lun" traveled thousands of miles, as if no one was in the land", although the number of rebel troops was not large, but the impact was great.
Most of the troops of the Northern Song Dynasty were transferred to the front line to defend Western Xia and Northern Liao, and many places were old, weak, sick and disabled. Gaoyou Zhijun once posted a notice, asking the officials and people to take out money, wine and meat to reward Wang Lun's army. There are even some areas that vacate county offices for Wang Lun's righteous army to live in. After entertaining for a few days, persuade the rebels to go elsewhere and not to harass them in this county.
Wang Lun's rebel army crossed the Huai River to the south, and the Qingzhou pursuers arrived, and Wang Lun was defeated by the official army in Yangzhou and was defeated in the south of Shanguang Temple. Wang Lun led the rebel army to attack Zhenzhou (Yizheng, Jiangsu), and then transferred to Hezhou (Hexian, Anhui), and was again defeated under the siege of the official army. As a last resort, Wang Lun led the rest of his troops to the west, and was attacked by the landlord's armed Zhang Ju in Liyang (Liyang Town, Hexian County, Anhui), and was defeated and captured, and the uprising failed.
Another peasant rebel army was Song Jiang in Shandong, and Song Jiang appeared after Wang Lun in history, and the two were separated by about 80 years. In the first year of Xuanhe, in November 1119, Song Jiang and other 36 people occupied Liangshan, and in the face of the encirclement and suppression of Liangshan by the official army, Song Jiang then attacked Heshuo (now the lower reaches of the Yellow River), Yidu, and then turned to Qingzhou and Puzhou.
The Northern Song Dynasty did not attach much importance to the rebellion of the 36 people in Song Jiang at first, and in December, it adopted the suggestion of Hou Meng, the governor of Bozhou, to "pardon and surrender", but it was unsuccessful, so it sent an army to crusade. Song Jiang and others went south to Yizhou (Linyi, Shandong), and under the siege of the official army, they fought and ran for more than a year. In February of the third year of Xuanhe (1121), Song Jiang attacked Huaiyang County (now northwest of Suining, Jiangsu), and then went to Shuyang (Jiangsu), intending to plunder some money, and then cross the sea to Donghai County, occupy Yuntai Mountain and establish a camp to resist the official army. Unexpectedly, he was attacked by the county lieutenant Wang Shixin in Shuyang, and he was defeated and left, and went to Haizhou.
When Uncle Zhang of Haizhou heard that Song Jiang was defeated in Shuyang, he wanted to cross the strait with more than ten boats of gold, silver and jewelry, so he recruited a thousand daredevils, set up an ambush outside the state city, and sent a small force to the beach to lure Song Jiang's army to disembark and fight. When Song Jiang's men immediately went ashore to fight the lure soldiers, Zhang Shuye sent people to set fire to Song Jiang's fleet. Song Jiang's subordinates panicked when they saw that the boat had been burned and there was no way to retreat. At this time, Zhang Shuye's army took advantage of the situation to kill, Song Jiang's army was defeated, the deputy marshal was captured, and Song Jiang had no choice but to surrender and accept Zhao'an.
250 years later, Shi Nai'an, a native of Xinghua, Jiangsu, compiled the famous ** "Water Margin" according to the history books, legends, scripts, miscellaneous dramas, etc., making Liangshan 108 a household name. Shi Nai'an's Wang Lun is a jealous and narrow-minded white-faced scholar. Worried that Lin Chong, the head of the 800,000 forbidden army in Tokyo, went up the mountain and occupied his position as the leader, he deliberately made things difficult for Lin Chong, and Lin Chong occupied Liangshanbo.
And Wang Lun in history is a martial artist, and has nothing to do with Song Jiang and Lin Chong. Hundreds of tiger wings and righteous troops led by him moved to Shandong, Jiangsu, and Anhui, and the momentum was huge. 76 years later, Song Jiang ganged up with 36 people, only operating in southern Lunan and northern Jiangsu, and was defeated by the county governor Wang Shixin in Shuyang. Song Jiang is smaller than Wang Lun, and the scale is not large.
On the slope of the east of Baihu Mountain (Baibi Mountain) in Haizhou, there is an inscription on the stone wall, which reads: "Huiyou Pavilion to be controlled by the governor Zhang Shuye, Huaidong Bingdu Supervisor Liu Shengsun, the former soldiers and horses Ling governed Zhao Zizhuang, the soldiers and horses Ling governed Zhao Lingmao, the former Qu Mountain Ling Pavilion quality, the same punishment Cao Wang Zhi, Huairen master Jiang Quan, Quanqu Mountain Lieutenant Wang Dayou Xuan and Gengzi" is the Northern Song Dynasty Haizhou Zhizhou Zhang Shuye, Chongyang Day led a group of generals and local officials to climb the mountain. It is rumored that Zhang Shuye went south to Haizhou in order to prevent the Song River from going south to the south, ascending Chongyang, inspecting the terrain, and discussing military aircraft.
Today, there is still a story of "good man" in Haizhou, saying that after Song Jiang and others were captured, they were unwilling to surrender, and were killed by Zhang Shuye under the loess ridge in the northeast corner of Baihu Mountain in the south of the city, and the people buried it on the spot as a big grave, which was called "good man" by the people. There is also a poem circulating: "The white gecko is in the shade of the mountain, and the grave is green." Ask whose tomb it is, Liangshan is a good man. ”
Shiqiao original Ma Jianyao,**Please indicate.
Reference: Renewal of Capital and Governance Volume 46
Toto: History of the Song Dynasty, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1976.
* Self-network.