During the Northern Song Dynasty, the folk Xi martial arts were funded by the imperial court, and many official or private societies were established in Bianliang City, including the Archer Club and the Boxing Club. These societies were not only engaged in recreational activities such as kemari, but also took on certain military duties. In other cities or villages, the Northern Song Dynasty also hid its forces from the people.
Russia has preserved a set of documents of the Northern Song Dynasty obtained from the illegal excavation of Heishui City in the late Qing Dynasty, which records the situation of the Northern Song Dynasty's Northwest Army requisitioning and transferring the Wang Army in the first year of Jingkang. The document details the mobilization of archers and societies in various places, as well as the requirements for the assembly on time. In addition, it also includes the mobilization orders issued by various parties to levy and distribute the rout of troops and refugees on the spot after the Western Xia took advantage of the fire to loot and the Northwest Army was defeated by the Jin army.
The formation of the political system and the balance of power in the Northern Song Dynasty.
The political system of the Northern Song Dynasty is characterized by the emphasis on civil affairs and light on military force, which is mainly due to the fact that the Northern Song Dynasty has a tradition of generals, and the border generals are hugely powerful. Therefore, in all dynasties, only the Song Dynasty appeared in the Yuejia Army, the Chongjia Army, the Yang Family General, the Hu Family General and other generals.
This policy of emphasizing civility over military force led to the emergence of the Jiangmen class. Due to the low social status of the warriors, it is difficult for new blood to join, which makes it difficult for this group to be renewed. The descendants who were born in the martial arts class, due to social discrimination, usually could only inherit their father's business, and eventually formed the shomon. However, the emphasis on literature and light on military force is only one condition for the formation of the Jiangmen, and the other condition is the need for a long-term non-high-intensity war to ensure that the Jiangmen can establish a solid social circle in the local area after the formation of the Jiangmen.
The game between the emperor's family and various forces.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, the imperial family mainly faced the game of foreign relatives, civil officials, nobles, eunuchs and vassal soldiers. Relatives are the emperor's wife's family, and their strength can help the emperor stabilize the government. Due to the limited dissemination of ideology and culture, civil officials are prone to form a situation of group resolution, even if it is sometimes wrong. Xungui refers to a family of military generals, who accumulated titles through military exploits and spontaneously supported the imperial power. As the spokesperson of the emperor when he could not balance the government, the eunuch was attached to the emperor, and the emperor often suffered a tragic end when the emperor changed. The vassal is a mercenary model used to supplement the general's power, but if used incorrectly, it can lead to a rebellion.
The prosperous era of the Northern Song Dynasty under the power scheme.
In general, the goal of the imperial family was to assert its authority by suppressing the civilian bureaucracy. The purpose of supporting relatives is to suppress civil officials, and supporting eunuchs is also to suppress civil officials. The nobles and the civil officials were opposed, while the feudal soldiers suppressed the civil and military at the same time, but mainly the military attachés. At the peak of the Northern Song Dynasty, scholars and the Son of Heaven ruled the world together, seemingly powerful, but quickly collapsed in a turmoil. The Ming Dynasty also experienced a civil and military imbalance after the Ming God of War, and the eunuchs were forced to intervene to balance the situation, which eventually led to the passive loss of control of the imperial power.
The unique advantages of the Northern Song Dynasty.
First of all, the Northern Song Dynasty had an extremely high victory rate in foreign wars, far exceeding that of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Secondly, the Northern Song Dynasty was wealthy, and the folk martial arts were strong, although the status of military generals was low, but compared with the monopoly of civilian officials, the threshold for learning Xi martial arts was not high. Thirdly, the population of the Northern Song Dynasty was close to seventy or eighty million, and many individuals with outstanding martial arts appeared, which is reasonable in terms of probability. Finally, when the Northern Song Dynasty was founded, it experienced five dynasties and ten kingdoms of turmoil and social turmoil, and it was widely believed that the government of the dynasty could change at any time, so Xi Wu became a reasonable choice.
The rise and fall of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Before the Northern Song Dynasty, after years of war, the government needed the peace of mind of the army and the people, and the official implementation of the national policy of recuperation and recuperation also achieved good results. During this period, force was the means of state-building, and civil rule was the way to govern the country. The Northern Song Dynasty was highly developed economically and culturally, with a population of more than 100 million for the first time, but due to the poor policy of being prepared for danger in times of peace, it led to the defeat of the country.
Through an in-depth analysis of the social structure, political system, and reasons for the rise and fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, we can better understand the complexity of this historical period, as well as the far-reaching impact of the policy of emphasizing literature over military force on the fate of the country. The prosperity of the Northern Song Dynasty was not only a symbol of the glory of martial arts, but also an effective practice of cultural rule in peacetime.
The social structure and political system of the Northern Song Dynasty did present a complex and delicate balance, and this article deeply analyzes the historical reasons and influences behind the policy of emphasizing literature over military force. This period of history is unique in that it successfully balances the power of military generals and civilian officials, and at the same time presents a power game between multiple forces such as the emperor's family, relatives, nobles, eunuchs, and feudal soldiers.
The article emphasizes the policy choice of the Northern Song Dynasty, that is, to achieve a balance of power between the first and the local by suppressing the power of the military generals. The implementation of this policy led to the gradual formation of the Jiangmen class, which, although relatively low in social status, played a key role in maintaining the stability of the imperial court. The article cleverly links this phenomenon with the characteristics of the Northern Song Dynasty's high rate of victory in foreign wars, prosperity and prosperity, and shows the relative stability of the Northern Song Dynasty regime in peacetime.
The article provides an in-depth interpretation of the game between the imperial family and various forces, highlighting the mutual checks and balances and wrestling between various forces such as relatives, civil officials, nobles, eunuchs, and vassal soldiers. This kind of power game enabled the Northern Song Dynasty regime to maintain its rule relatively steadily for a period of time. The article cleverly mentions the civil official group, the role of the eunuch's spokesperson, and the support of the nobles, vividly outlining the intricate picture of power intrigue inside and outside the court during the Northern Song Dynasty.
The reasons for the prosperity of the Northern Song Dynasty are comprehensively and profoundly analyzed. The unique advantages of the Northern Song Dynasty are explained from multiple aspects such as foreign victory rate, social affluence, population size, and historical turmoil. Of particular note is the depiction of social unrest during the founding of the Northern Song Dynasty, highlighting popular concerns about regime change and promoting the formation of Xi martial arts.
Finally, by summarizing the gains and losses of the rise and fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, the article shows a historical microcosm of how a regime was defeated and destroyed in peacetime due to poor policies. On the whole, this article presents readers with a colorful and complex historical picture through an in-depth interpretation of the social and political structure of the Northern Song Dynasty, as well as the reasons for its rise and fall.
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