The famous generals rebelled, and the great man smiled and asked what he wanted to do
On May Day in 1962, General Zhao Shoushan, who was the chairman of Qinghai Province and the governor of Shaanxi Province, was specially invited to Tiananmen Square for fireworks. Standing on the city tower, he sounded with the music of "Dongfang Hong", and when he saw *** walking out of the elevator on the west side, he immediately applauded, and the people around him also waved to *** in the thunderous cheers.
When *** passed by Zhao Shoushan, he stopped and asked kindly: "General Zhao, are you okay?" This "old general" made General Zhao Shoushan's heart swell with thousands of emotions.
Even when he returned home, he still kept saying, "I didn't expect the chairman to remember me." ”
Zhao Shoushan, whose name is Zixiu, is known as Jianqiu, was born on November 21, 1894 in Dingzhou Village, Huxian County, Shaanxi Province. He graduated from the Shaanxi Army Survey School in his early years, and later served in Feng Yuxiang's army, and then defected to Yang Hucheng.
In November 1930, Yang Hucheng served as the chairman of Shaanxi Province and the commander-in-chief of the 17th Route Army, and Zhao Shoushan was promoted to the commander of the 51st Brigade and the commander of the Hanzhong Appeasement. However, in the face of the country's internal and external troubles and the people's lack of livelihood, Zhao Shoushan did not feel joy after being promoted, but fell into deep worry and helplessness.
Zhao Shoushan, a patriotic general serving in the Kuomintang army, was deeply disappointed by the Kuomintang led by Chiang Kai-shek, who believed that this was an excellent opportunity to save the country and survive, but was crushed by the oppression of Chiang thieves and the frustration of plans, and his spirit was decadent and his life was corrupt.
However, despite this, his thinking was still progressive, he loved the country and the people, and resolutely opposed Chiang Kai-shek's encirclement and suppression of the Red Army. In October 1932, when he was stationed in Hanzhong, he established friendly relations with the Red Fourth Front Army and reached a non-aggression agreement, which paved the way for the opening of the red communication line on the Sichuan-Shaanxi border.
During this period, he also secretly presented a radio transceiver to the Red Army, and his troops often purchased and transported transportation, sanitation, and communications equipment for the Red Army in Xi'an, all of which fully demonstrated his love for the people and his support for the Red Army.
Zhao Shou traveled to Beiping, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan and other places, became acquainted with Yang Mingxuan, Yang Xiaochu, Zhao Baohua and other enlightened people, and read some advanced books and periodicals that preached the anti-Japanese struggle to save the country, as well as Marxist-Leninist works such as "History of Social Development" and "State and Revolution".
Born in the lower class and having experienced the pain of class oppression, Zhao Shoushan's basic views on Marxism-Leninism are extremely easy to understand and accept. In particular, during his inspection in Nanjing, he witnessed with his own eyes Chiang Kai-shek's external compromise and internal affairs, and the various phenomena of the Kuomintang's internal struggle for power and profit, corruption, and degeneration, and his heart was extremely indignant, and his dissatisfaction with Chiang Kai-shek reached its peak.
On December 4, 1936, Chiang Kai-shek arrived in Xi'an and asked Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng to send troops to attack the Red Army. But both generals were against the civil war. Zhao Shoushan stated the pros and cons to Yang Hucheng and presented the "Anti-Japanese Proposal", suggesting that "stopping the civil war and unanimously resisting Japan is the only way to save the country, the Northwest and the Seventeenth Route Army."
Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng repeatedly persuaded Chiang Kai-shek to unite against Japan, but they failed to reach a consensus. In desperation, they decided to imprison Chiang Kai-shek by force and force him to implement an anti-Japanese policy.
On December 11, Yang Hucheng secretly met with Zhao Shoushan to discuss the seizure of Chiang Kai-shek, and Zhao Shoushan expressed his full support. Yang Hucheng was very happy and decided to act that night and put Zhao Shoushan in charge of the military operations of the Seventeenth Route Army in the city.
Under the command of Zhao Shoushan, the troops successfully surrounded the Kuomintang garrison and seized more than a dozen military and political officials in Nanjing. After fierce fighting, the more than 7,000 Kuomintang troops were disarmed.
Zhao Shoushan formed a deep friendship with the Red Army. In the Xi'an Incident, he made great achievements in forcing Chiang Kai-shek to unite against Japan and promote the establishment of the united front.
After the incident, the social situation in Xi'an became increasingly tense, and restoring social order became a top priority. Yang Hucheng once again handed over this difficult task to Zhao Shoushan and made him the director of the Public Security Bureau.
After Zhao Shoushan took office, he took decisive and effective measures to quickly restore social order in Xi'an City. However, after Chiang Kai-shek was detained, many high-ranking generals advocated "imprisoning Chiang and killing Chiang", and Zhao Shoushan was no exception.
On the evening of December 18, 1936, **, accompanied by Yang Mingxuan, went to Zhao Shoushan's residence and had a long talk with him all night to discuss the future of the country.
1.* Analyzed the domestic and international situation in a thoughtful manner, and emphasized the importance of a peaceful resolution of the Xi'an incident. 2.Zhao Shoushan was impressed by his thoughtful, humble and easy personality, and the greatest significance of the Xi'an Incident for him was that he got acquainted with Ren Bishi, ** and other communists.
3.In frequent contacts and conversations with the Communists, Zhao Shoushan gained an in-depth understanding and understanding of the Communist Party and the Red Army. 4.In a chat, Zhao Shoushan proposed to take a group photo, ** jokingly said: "Now the evidence of your gangsters can be left." ”
Zhao Shoushan responded: "I'm not afraid, I still have to go up the mountain to join the gang." ”
Zhao Shoushan mentioned in his autobiography that during the incident, he had close contacts with Red Army leaders such as Ren Bishi, Zuo Quan, Yang Shangkun, and others, and benefited a lot.
Therefore, he did everything in his power to help the Red Army. At that time, the entire Soviet area of northern Shaanxi was facing the problem of food shortage, and Zhao Shoushan specially ordered the quartermasters to buy grain in various parts of Weibei and send it to the Soviet area by horse-drawn carts to solve the difficulties of the Red Army.
In addition to this, he also provided support to the Red Army in terms of *** and other military materiel. Although he did not immediately join the Communist Party, his son, daughter, niece, and nephew all entered the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University in northern Shaanxi, and this matter was widely known among the junior sergeants of the 17th Route Army.
In the memoirs of Zhao Shoushan's daughter Zhao Mingjin, a touching story was recorded: when she went to study at Kang University in northern Shaanxi, her father Zhao Shoushan filled the car with oranges and silver dollars, and entrusted her to personally give this heart to ***
In order to enhance mutual understanding between the 17th Route Army and the Red Army, Zhao Shoushan also invited the Red Army generals to introduce guerrilla warfare to his troops, and General Zuo Quan of the Red Army also warmly invited the other party to explain the Battle of the Plains and Rivers.
According to the recollections of some old men who had served as soldiers under Zhao Shoushan, the troops led by Zhao Shoushan at that time borrowed some of the Red Army's management methods, such as the implementation of anti-narcotics, prostitution, and gambling, and the promotion of financial disclosure, personnel disclosure, self-discipline, and self-education.
These measures have not only enhanced the cohesion and combat effectiveness of the troops, but also won the respect and trust of the vast number of soldiers.
After secretly joining the Communist Party of China, after the peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident, Yang Hucheng's 17th Route Army was reduced to the 38th Army, and Zhao Shoushan was appointed as the commander of the 17th Division of the army, leading the army to the front line to resist the war.
In the battle of Baoding in September 1937, Zhao Shoushan fought bloodily in Xuehua Mountain, Donkey Ridge, Niangziguan and other places, although the 17th Division suffered heavy losses, but Zhao Shoushan himself was wounded.
In mid-November of the same year, Zhao Shoushan led the remnants to the town of Mokou on the bank of the Yellow River for repairs, and was warmly welcomed by the local Eighth Route Army Corps and the common people. At the end of the year, Zhao Shoushan passed through Yan'an when he returned to Xi'an, met *** and others for the first time, and also visited the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University.
Because of Zhao Shoushan's staunch pro-communist stance, he encountered serious discrimination and exclusion in the Kuomintang army. Chiang Kai-shek repeatedly scolded him as "pro-communist, communist, and tolerant communist", and a "echo worm" of the Communist Party, and even said that the entire 38th Army had been **.
Although the 38th Army had just moved to Henan, Chiang Kai-shek sent spies to track down the Communist Party cadres in the army many times on the grounds of "suspicion of different parties", but Zhao Shoushan was more determined to join the Communist Party, so he expressed his desire to join the party to his old friend Yang Mingxuan.
Yang Mingxuan told him that he needed to apply carefully to join the Communist Party and join in accordance with the provisions of the Party Constitution. On November 7, 1942, ** sent a telegram to Zhao Shoushan through secret channels, hoping that he would have in-depth exchanges with Hao Keyong, an underground CCP member working in the 38th Army.
Zhao Shoushan gladly accepted, and in a long night conversation with Hao Keyong, he recounted in detail his experience of fighting Chiang Kai-shek over the years and how to preserve the strength of the army, including his origins, past experiences, and changes in thinking over the years.
At the end of the conversation, Zhao Shoushan solemnly submitted an application to join the party. Subsequently, Hao Keyong returned to Yan'an to report the meeting to ***.
After listening to the report on the work of the 38th Army and party building, he paid special attention to the issue of Zhao Shoushan's joining the party. Hao Keyong put forward three views on this, saying that Zhao Shoushan fully meets the conditions for joining the Communist Party of China.
First, Zhao Shoushan was a lover who actively supported the anti-Japanese national united front, he was a major participant in the Xi'an Incident, and maintained close ties with the Eighth Route Army; Second, Zhao Shoushan and our party have common goals and interests in resisting Japan and opposing Chongqing; Third, Zhao Shoushan profoundly realized that only by relying on the Communist Party to continue to persist in resisting Japan could the 38th Army survive and develop.
* Agree in principle to Comrade Zhao Shoushan's application to join the Communist Party as a special party member. In order to prevent the exposure of identity, at present, the party joining ceremony will not be held, the relevant procedures will not be handled, and the party will be kept secret for the time being.
When the time is ripe, his party membership will be posthumously recognized, and the party age will be counted from the Double 12 incident. In this way, Comrade Zhao Shoushan secretly became a member of the Communist Party of China.
Zhao Shoushan was warmly welcomed and pro-communist during the Anti-Japanese War, but was in a difficult situation for a long time under the suppression of Chiang Kai-shek. In 1944, Chiang Kai-shek transferred Zhao Shoushan from his de facto 38th Army and made him serve as commander-in-chief under Hu Zongnan, during which time he was constantly under the surveillance of the Kuomintang military police and spies, and was in danger.
After Zhao Shoushan left the 38th Army, some troops launched an uprising in Luoyang, Henan Province, and defected to the liberated areas, and sent a telegram to congratulate them on joining the big family of the people's army, and hoped that they would fight to the end for the liberation of the Chinese nation.
Due to the uprising of the 38th Army, Chiang Kai-shek relieved Zhao Shoushan of his post as commander-in-chief and ordered him to go abroad to investigate water conservancy.
Zhao Shoushan felt that the time was ripe, and he took great pains to get rid of the tracking of the Kuomintang agents. Under Dong Biwu's careful planning, Zhao Shoushan first arrived in Tianjin by boat, then transferred to Beiping, and finally successfully arrived in the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan Liberated Areas, and issued a telegram of uprising to the whole country.
When the newspapers in the liberated areas publicly reported that the uprising was electrified, Chiang Kai-shek was surprised to find that Zhao Shoushan, who was originally going to be sent abroad, had actually returned to the Northwest Army system.
Chiang Kai-shek was furious and ordered the military commanders to investigate. However, at this time, the overall situation has been decided, Zhao Shoushan's joining the People's Liberation Army is the desire of the people, and the people are helpless.
In the liberated area, Zhao Shoushan was warmly welcomed by *** and others. After arriving in northern Shaanxi, ** also specially invited Zhao Shoushan to dinner, and said with concern: "Everyone has been very worried about you for many years, and you came back victoriously today, and everyone is very happy." ”
In the follow-up work arrangement, Zhao Shoushan's opinions were specially consulted. He told Zhao Shoushan that ** and ** had fought for Zhao Shoushan from him. **I hope Zhao Shoushan can give him some advice, he prefers to let Zhao Shoushan be ** as a deputy in the rear, or be a deputy in the front.
Zhao Shoushan said that although his level is not high, he has accumulated some experience after years of fighting. He knew more about the situation in Xi'an, and he also had some understanding of intelligence work. After listening, the clapper decided to let Zhao Shoushan go to the front to be the deputy commander.
At the beginning of 1948, Zhao Shoushan officially joined the Northwest Field Army and became the deputy commander. Together with *** and others, he made great contributions to the cause of independence and liberation of the Chinese people.
General Zhao Shoushan, a legend from the Kuomintang to the Communist Party, died of illness in Beijing in June 1965. His life is full of southern and northern wars and military career, and he has made great contributions to the independence and liberation of the country, and is one of the legendary representatives in the modern history of our country.
On his anniversary, Comrade ** once commented on him: "From a patriot to a communist", this sentence accurately summed up the glorious course of his life.
General Zhao Shoushan: From Lieutenant General of the Kuomintang to Governor of the Republic General Zhao Shoushan is a legendary military leader, and his life is full of twists and turns. He was once a lieutenant general of the Kuomintang, but after the Xi'an Incident, he stood firmly on the side of the people and became the governor of New China.
General Zhao Shoushan's life experience is full of legends. He served in the Kuomintang army for many years before switching to the Communist Party during the Xi'an Incident. His decision not only changed his own destiny, but also had a far-reaching impact on the course of China's history.
General Zhao Shoushan is a man with strong beliefs. He chose to support the people and resolutely oppose **, which made him a hero to the people. His firm conviction and noble sentiments have deeply influenced future generations.
General Zhao Shoushan's life was full of glory and honor. He was a lieutenant general in the Kuomintang and later became the governor of New China. This transformation of his reflects his firm conviction and noble sentiments.
His spirit will always be remembered. Overall, General Zhao Shoushan's life is full of legend and far-reaching influence. He was a man with firm beliefs and noble sentiments, and his spirit will always be remembered.