A battle to determine the command of China and North Korea! In 1950, 260,000 volunteers went to fight in Korea. In the face of North Korea's demand for full command of the Chinese and North Korean armies, ** launched a campaign to convince North Korea.
So what was the outcome of this campaign? Finally, how was the question of the command of the Chinese and North Korean armies determined? The Volunteer Army went to fight in Korea, and North Korea had a dispute over the command.
In May 1950, the DPRK requested China to send troops to the DPRK to support the Korean People's Army in the war. However, at that time, China's strategic focus was to liberate Taiwan, and a large amount of energy and material resources were sent to the southeast region, so it refused the request to send troops to North Korea and provided first-class equipment assistance to North Korea.
Coincidentally, North Korea also received military assistance from the Soviet Union and had the most advanced Soviet-style equipment. The Korean People's Army was supported by China and the Soviet Union, and the South Korean Army lacked war readiness.
North Korea judged that it was time to end the chaos on the Korean Peninsula. On June 25, 1950, the Korean People's Army launched an attack on the South Korean army, and the Korean War broke out.
The South Korean army lacked war readiness and was defeated along the way. Three days later, the KPA captured Seoul. A month later, the KPA advanced to the Pusan line and confronted the South Korean army along the Nakdong River.
In the face of the current situation, the DPRK feels that the situation is very good, and the moment when the KPA will unify the DPRK is approaching. However, China, which was on the outside, saw it more soberly and reminded the Soviet Union and the DPRK that the KPA front was too long and that once US troops landed on the west coast of the Korean Peninsula, the KPA would face the danger of being cut off.
After the outbreak of the Korean War, North Korea was basking in the joy of victory and did not take China's warnings seriously. Stalin, on the other hand, believed that the United States would not intervene in the war lightly, ignoring China's warnings.
However, on September 15, the U.S. forces, under the command of MacArthur, carried out the Inchon landing, and the KPA suddenly lost the initiative on the battlefield and was defeated all the way. Sensing that the situation was not good, North Korea appealed to China and the Soviet Union for assistance.
Faced with the pleas of North Korea and the Soviet Union, China decided to send troops to Korea in order to prevent the American army from occupying all of Korea and bringing the flames of war to China. On October 19, when the U.S. military crossed the 38th parallel, China sent 260,000 volunteers to fight in North Korea.
However, the first problem faced by the Chinese Volunteers in Korea was the issue of the command of the Chinese and North Korean armies. The DPRK hoped to be resisted by the volunteer army for a while, so the command of the Chinese and North Korean troops naturally belonged to the DPRK.
But when North Korea learned that China had sent hundreds of thousands of volunteers, it realized the complexity of the problem. On October 21, ** and the DPRK met for the first time in Daeyudong to discuss the issue of unified command of the Chinese and DPRK forces.
** Considers that there is no question of handing over the Volunteer Army to a foreign command. On the one hand, due to the rout of the KPA, he had doubts about the command ability of the KPA generals; On the other hand, the KPA is recruiting new recruits and cannot be put into the battlefield as soon as possible.
Therefore, it is insisted that the Chinese and North Korean armies should be under unified command.
**The general's view on China's dispatch of troops to North Korea is that North Korea is the borrowing party, and the Chinese and North Korean troops should be under the command of North Korea. Although the two sides have reached a consensus on coordinated operations, there is controversy over the issue of command.
As the commander of hundreds of thousands of volunteers, General ** decided to solve this problem by actions on the battlefield. The first battle began, and Wenjing's good news came first.
This was the first battle of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and it took only two hours to capture the target, and it was a battle personally commanded by Han Xianchu, deputy commander-in-chief of the Chinese People's Volunteers. So why is the battle so rapid?
This is because after the U.S. troops landed at Incheon, they concentrated 130,000 troops all the way north, divided into two routes, and planned to occupy all of Korea before Thanksgiving.
In the first campaign of the Korean War, the Volunteer Army successfully adopted the strategy of movement warfare, giving full play to its own advantages and annihilating the enemy army in the movement. On the Western Front, the US 1st Army, the left flank of Walton Walker, commander of the US 8th Army, advanced slowly, while the 2nd Korean Corps, the right flank, moved quickly and was in a more prominent position.
The 40th Army of the Volunteer Army assembled in the Wenjing area and successfully encircled and annihilated the 6th Division of the South Koreans; The 39th Army concentrated on Yunshan and encircled and annihilated the Han 1st Division, which reinforced the Han 6th Division; The 38th Army and the 125th Division of the 42nd Army were in Xichuan, encircling and annihilating the 8th Division of South Korea.
On the battlefield of the Eastern Front, the 42nd Army of the Volunteer Army successfully blocked the reinforcements of the Eastern Front and ensured the security of the Western Front. In the first battle, the most exciting battles took place in the Onkai area.
A regiment of the 40th Army of the Volunteer Army took the lead in exchanging fire with the vanguard of the 1st Korean Division, opening the prelude to the first campaign to resist US aggression and aid Korea. When the Korean army marched to Wenjing, the vanguard of the 40th Army of the Volunteer Army had already arrived at Beizhen, northwest of Wenjing.
The Volunteers decided to take advantage of the enemy's undetectable position to set up ambushes on both sides of the road and annihilate the vanguard of the 1st Korean Division in one fell swoop. The vanguard of the 1st South Korean Division advanced to the ambush circle of the 118th Division, and the Volunteers adopted the tactics of "blocking the head, cutting off the tail, and cutting off the waist" to divide the South Korean army into several sections.
After 20 minutes of fierce fighting, half of the first battalion of the ROK 1st Division was annihilated, and the rest abandoned their heavy equipment and fled in a hurry. In order to take Wenjing, isolate the 7th Regiment of the 6th Korean Division, and attract reinforcements from the 7th and 8th Korean Divisions, the Volunteer Army sent Han Xianchu, deputy commander-in-chief, to the 118th Division to command.
Under the command of Han Xianchu, the 118th and 120th Divisions captured Wenjing in only two hours, and the defending Han 2nd Regiment fled in a hurry without encountering it. The success of this battle fully demonstrated the heroism and tactical flexibility of the volunteers, and laid a good foundation for the entire War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
The Volunteer Army adopted the tactics of "encircling the point and sending reinforcements", and successfully defeated the two regiments of the ROK Army that came to reinforce with inferior equipment. The rest of the ROK divisions were frightened and did not dare to advance.
Under the onslaught of the volunteers, only 800 of the more than 3,500 people of the 7th Korean Regiment fled, and the Battle of Onjeong ended in the victory of the volunteers. ** Subsequently, the 39th Army was deployed to contain the South Korean 1st Division at Yunsan, monitor the British and American forces, and prevent them from aiding the South Korean 7th Division and the South Korean 8th Division in the east.
He concentrated the troops of the 38th, 40th and 42nd armies to encircle and annihilate the Korean army in Heecheon. Although the Volunteer Army did not have air force cover and tank equipment, and it was difficult to supply logistics, they successfully drove the "United **" back to the south of the Qingchuan River.
When attacking the Han 6th Division in Wenjing, the 39th Army did not attack immediately, but gradually occupied the outer positions of Unsan. The commander of the 1st Korean Division, Bai Shanye, focused his attention on the peripheral positions, while the 39th Army cooperated with the 40th Army and the 38th Army to open a breakthrough on the right flank of the joint **.
Walker, however, had no idea of the intentions of the volunteers. He believed that the forces in the Unsan direction should be strengthened, and then concentrate on breaking the stalemate and supporting the 6th Korean Division on the right flank.
Under these circumstances, Walker hurriedly ordered the 1st U.S. Cavalry Division to advance in the direction of Yunshan. As the ace unit of the U.S. Army, the 1st Cavalry Division was the pioneer of the operation, and Walker sent the 1st Cavalry Division to Yunshan, indicating that he focused on the right flank defense of the "United **" on Yunshan.
In the Unsan area, the 1st Walker Cavalry Division and the 1st Korean Division were confronting the 39th Army of the Republic of Korea. At this time, the 40th Army suddenly appeared and began a fierce attack, which led to the imminent collapse of the defense line of the right flank of the United **.
On October 31, the 1st U.S. Cavalry Division began to change defenses with the South Korean 1st Division, but the Volunteers took it before launching an offensive"Siege the teacher's legacy"deliberately left a gap for the enemy to enter the trap.
In the end, the eight regiments of the Volunteer Army successfully fought against the five regiments of the US and South Korean armies, and ended in the victory of the 39th Army. The victory in this battle made the soldiers of the Volunteer Army deeply feel: "The ace of the US army is nothing more than that." ”
In the first battle to resist US aggression and aid Korea, the Volunteer Army successfully repelled the Thanksgiving offensive of the United **, with 1The superiority of more than 80,000 men annihilated the enemy army and completely stabilized the situation on the Korean Peninsula.
This battle made the North Korean army deeply admire the strong combat power and military command ability of the volunteers. In order to better coordinate the Chinese and North Korean armies in combat, ** proposed the establishment of a Sino-DPRK joint command to jointly command the Chinese and DPRK armies.
Under the leadership of the People's Army, the Sino-DPRK Joint Command, led by representatives of the Volunteer Army and supplemented by the People's Army, was established. The establishment of the joint command enabled the Chinese and North Korean armies to effectively coordinate operations, and with superb tactics and the tenacious fighting will of the volunteers, they finally defeated the joint forces and won a great victory in the Korean War.