In recent years, it has been widely cultivated in the vast fields and in front of and behind the house as well as in the courtyard as a delicious fruit tree due to the vast fields and fruit trees in front of and behind the house and in the garden. However, in order to obtain high-yielding fruits, it is necessary to master effective propagation methods, one of which is grafting.
This article was written by Jiang Shaolong, a senior agronomist in Laocheng Township, Yuanmou County, to introduce different types of grafting techniques, which can help the majority of fruit tree planting enthusiasts to manage measures and improve yields.
01, the cutting method, the cutting method is a propagation method suitable for thinner rootstocks. In the right season, usually between sting and valley rain, but the rootstock buds have not yet germinated, this is the best time to make the cut.
The advantages of the cut-grafting method are that the survival rate is high and the grafted seedlings grow quickly, but relatively more scion is required and the rootstock needs to be thick enough. Here are the steps for the cut-off method:
1. Cut the rootstock in a suitable position to ensure that the incision is flat.
2. Use the cutting knife to make vertical cutting at 1 3 places of the cross-section of the rootstock, and the depth is slightly smaller than that of the large cutting surface of the scion.
3. Cut the scion into small segments, each with 2-3 plump buds.
4. Cut a large bevel about 3 cm long on the lower part of the scion, and a small bevel about 1 cm long on the other side to ensure that the cutting surface is flat.
5. Quickly insert the scion into the incision, with the large bevel facing inward and the small bevel facing outward, so that the anvil cambium fits.
6. Tie it with a plastic bag.
02, ventral joint, ventral jointing method is usually used to fill the space within the canopy and increase the number of inner branches. This method is applied to bare branches to increase the inner branching and make the crown fuller. Here are the steps for the ventral joint:
1. In the bare part of the rootstock, it is usually carried out at a slightly protruding or bent part from the branch.
2. Make a T-shaped incision in the bark of the rootstock, deep into the xylem.
3. Cut a triangular or semicircular slope on the bark above the transverse incision so that the scion can be inserted and fitted.
4. Select annual and robust development branches as scion, and ensure that each scion leaves 2-3 full buds.
5. Cut a long shaved surface about 3-5 cm long on the lower part of the scion to make it slightly sharper, and then peel and peel on the opposite side.
6. Insert the scion into the grafting part of the rootstock, make sure the cambium layer is aligned, and then tie it with a plastic bag.
03. Splitting method, splitting method is usually used when the rootstock is thicker, and is suitable for spring before germination. Here are the steps for the splitting method:
1. First of all, cut off the upper part of the rootstock and flatten the section.
2. Use a splitting knife to split vertically under the rootstock**, with a depth of 4-5 cm, and generally leave 3 buds in each scion.
3. Cut a large shaved surface 4-5 cm long at the lower part of the scion to make the lower part wedge-shaped.
4. Quickly insert the scion into the rootstock split, make sure the cambium layer is aligned, and then tie it with a plastic bag.
04, the insertion method, also known as the subcutaneous joint, needs to germinate in the buds of the rootstock but has not yet shed the skin is carried out. This method allows multiple scion to be inserted, depending on the size of the rootstock cross-section.
1. First, at the grafting site of the rootstock, the bark is thinned to a fresh phloem, and then a slope is cut on the bark above the transverse incision for the scion to be inserted.
2. Select the scion to ensure that the shape of the cut surface is suitable.
3. Insert the scion into the cortex of the rootstock, ensuring between the xylem and the bast, and then tie it with a plastic bag.
Grafting is an effective method of peach tree propagation, and mastering different types of grafting techniques can help you manage your peach trees and increase yields.
According to the rootstock thickness and needs of the majority of fruit growers, choose the appropriate grafting method and operate in the appropriate season, which can effectively increase the yield and growth of fruit trees in peach trees, pear trees, grape trees, jujube trees, persimmon trees and other trees, writer: Jiang Shaolong.