Spring spring plate of fine lettuce, suddenly remember the time of the two Beijing plums - Du Fu.People take food as the day, eating is the biggest thing in a person's life, no matter what happens, you can't delay eating, and in China's dietary standards, three meals a day is the dietary rules handed down by the ancestors, so modern people also abide by this diet timeWith the exception of a few manual workers, most people maintain a standard of three meals a day.
But in ancient times, in fact, there were no three meals a day, and people at that time basically had two meals a day, why did our country transition from two meals a day to three meals a day?
Whether it is three meals a day or two meals a day, they all represent the system of regular diet, and the system of regular diet in China can be traced back to the Shang and Zhou dynasties at the earliest.
Strictly speaking, whether it is three meals a day or two meals a day, it is aimed at ordinary people, that is, ordinary people, in ancient China, except for merchants and nobles, most people were farmers, and the standard of two meals a day also appeared according to their living habits.
Before the advent of modern agricultural machinery, all crops were sown and harvested by peopleTherefore, for farmers, eating is not only to live, but also to ensure sufficient physical strength, which is the origin of two meals a day in ancient times.
The first meal of the ancients was similar to today's breakfast, which was often enjoyed after the sun rose, because it determined whether they could have enough energy to work in the morning, and to this day, breakfast is still very important in many southern regions.
However, the second meal of the ancients is not the lunch that modern people often say, their second meal is more like afternoon tea, which is eaten at about 2 o'clock, so as to ensure that they can have enough physical strength to continue working in the afternoon, but after the work is over, the ancient farmers did not have a mealAccording to the ancients, after the sun went down, they would not continue to work, and they needed to rest as soon as possible, so they did not need to eat.
Moreover, the ancients often went to bed relatively early, and they might go to bed at about six or seven o'clock in winter, so the ancients did not have the need for dinnerBut behind the traditional dietary rules, two meals a day often represent a lack of food and the hardships of life for farmers at the bottom.
During World War II, in order to save domestic expenses and let the army have more supplies, the Japanese emperor took the lead in restoring the two-meal-a-day system, and supplied all the saved food to the army.
The Chinese people are short of food, so they must eat less to ensure that they will not be hungry, if they eat three meals a day, the food will definitely not be enough, which is why peasant uprisings often broke out in ancient times, until the Qing Dynasty, the ancient civilians still had to keep running around for a full stomachTherefore, there is no scientific basis for two meals a day, nor is it a so-called healthy diet, but just a helpless move for people to survive in a more difficult environment.
But for the rich and aristocratic class in ancient times, there was never a concept of two meals a day.
In terms of staple food, the ancient ladies and nobles seem to maintain the system of two meals a day, but this does not mean that they only eat during these two time periods a day, take the ancient masterpiece "Dream of Red Mansions" as an example, the Jiafu in the Dream of Red Mansions represents the ancient aristocratic class, and their food culture is also a true portrayal of ancient society.
In Jiafu, the so-called two meals a day is aimed at the time when all the people in the family are in place and eat together, in addition, the kitchen in Jiafu used to have such a description, in addition to the kitchen responsible for the main meal, there are many small kitchens, in the small kitchen, basically cooking for different people at any time of the day and night.
According to this situation, let alone two meals a day, you won't be hungry even one meal a dayFor them, two meals a day is more like a big family gathering than a normal dietary requirement, where you can eat or not, because hot food is always available when you are hungry.
Similar situations are common in modern society, especially in large companies, where everyone basically goes to eat because of their busy schedulesHowever, this way of eating can cause a great burden on the body, which is the main reason why many young people have stomach problems.
So when did China start to have three meals a day, this has to mention the dynasty at the peak of China's ancient economy, the Song Dynasty, although the Song Dynasty was criticized, but I have to say that the overall economic strength of the Song Dynasty is very strong, basically anything can be solved with money, and under the huge commodity economy, China's eating habits have also begun to change.
In the Song Dynasty, there was dinner and supper in the real sense, the Song Dynasty not only canceled the curfew policy, but also appeared a dazzling night market, in the night market not only there are rich and noble people, but also ordinary people, and under the huge economic system of the Song Dynasty, the income of the common people increased, and they also had the confidence to eat dinner.
Unfortunately, the three-meal-a-day diet was not widely available at that timeBecause there are only night markets in big cities, in small cities and villages, the streets are very quiet at night, and few people finish eating, and in China three meals a day was fully popularized in the last years of the Qing Dynasty.
With the fruits of the industrial revolution entering China, the factory system began to appear in China, electric lights began to spread widely in China, everyone also adapted to the mode of working at night, dinner also began to popularize, in various TV dramas, there are many vendors selling supper at night, and some will even operate until the early hours of the morning.
In ancient China, there was no dinner, because everyone would not carry out activities at night, but in modern society, with electric lights, people's activity time has been greatly extended, and naturally they need to eat dinner, and some people even regard dinner as the most important first meal of the day, because breakfast and lunch are very busy, and there is no time to enjoy the food, only at night you can easily eat.
However, at this time, some people also proposed that two meals a day is the most scientific and healthy way to eat, and encouraged not to eat after 6 p.mIf you follow the 9-to-5 lifestyle of civil servants, this diet is fine, but most people still can't adapt to this diet, after all, you may have to move for nearly ten hours after 6 o'clock, how can you not eat.
The change of food culture represents a change in the state of life, with the acceleration of society, only dinner can be enjoyed at will, and some young people even ignore breakfast, but no matter how to eat, the most important thing is that physical health is the most important.
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