Mushrooms are recognized as unrecognizable, and if you are not careful, you will lay on the board. However, the "popular" mushrooms in the supermarket around us are easier to recognize, and we have made a picture book for the most common edible mushrooms, with a few trivia. The next time you use them for stir-frying, soup, barbecue, or shabu-shabu, you can "show off your skills"!
Bisporus mushroom
Chinese official name:Bisporus mushroom
Aliases:Mouth mushrooms, white mushrooms, mushrooms, foreign mushrooms
"Mouth mushroom" was originally the name of the north, referring to a type of mushroom that grows in the grassland of the Great Wall's "mouth" (dam), which is somewhat similar to the bisporus mushroom but is not in the same family. Now Zhang Guan Li Dai, this name is almost monopolized by Bisporus mushroom. Most of the domestic bisporus mushrooms are white "Hawaiian species", and occasionally cream-colored "Colombian species". In addition, you can see a larger "brown mushroom", which is actually a Bohemian species of the bisporus mushroom.
Enoki mushrooms
Chinese official name:Hairy leg mushroom shredded cap variant
Aliases:Enoki mushroom, amorphic mushroom, golden mushroom
Wild enoki mushrooms grow golden and short, but the commercially available "domestic version" is slender and fair-skinned, and the domestication effect is comparable to plastic surgery. The mycelium that makes up the "body" of enoki mushrooms are closely arranged, and there is also a layer of chitin cell walls that resemble shrimp and crab shells, which are difficult to chew and indigest, and if you eat them today, they will be discharged as they are tomorrow - this is the origin of the enoki mushroom's online name "see you tomorrow".
Oyster mushrooms
Chinese official name:Pellazoderma
Aliases:Green mushrooms, boreus mushrooms
More than 90% of the body of oyster mushrooms is water, and the protein content is lower than that of most mushrooms. Don't look at such "water", but it is a fierce meat eater: it can weave traps from the hyphae in the soil and catch nematodes as "snacks". It also has a strong decomposition ability and can clean up oil from the soil.
Shiitake mushrooms
Chinese official name:Shiitake mushrooms
Aliases:Mushrooms, mushrooms
Shiitake mushrooms undergo a Maillard reaction during the drying process, so dried products are more fragrant than fresh products. It grows all year round and is most fragrant in winter, because shiitake mushrooms grow slowly and accumulate more flavor compounds. Mushroom mushroom is a high-quality variety of shiitake mushroom, under the large temperature difference between day and night, the fat mushroom flesh will crack the surface of the cap, resulting in a pattern, hence the name.
Pleurotus eryngii
Chinese official name:Prick Celery
Aliases:Spiny celery mushrooms
When cooked, it has an almond flavor and a fat texture like abalone. Thinly sliced and fried in butter brings out the most in its taste and aroma. Wild pleurotus eryngii is quite adaptable, and is even distributed in arid areas such as deserts, but it still requires high humidity for artificial cultivation.
Tea tree mushrooms
Chinese official name:Columnar mushroom
Aliases:Tea mushroom, poplar mushroom
The name alone seems to be only teamed with tea trees, but in fact, it often appears on the rotten wood of poplars and willows. China has invested a lot in the cultivation of tea tree mushroom varieties, and in 2008, it allowed tea tree mushrooms to fly into space on the "Shenzhou VII".
Bamboo sunflower
Chinese official name:Long skirt bamboo sun, short skirt bamboo sun
Aliases:Bamboo girl, bamboo shoot fungus
The bamboo sunflower we ate was not a whole mushroom, only the skirt and stalk, which had been removed because of the foul smell of the umbrella lid (the sporulous part). It is also popular to eat in Guangdong and other places".Bamboo eggs"(Unopened bamboo sunflowers) are more tender and rich, but not as brittle as adult bamboo sunflowers.
Fungus
Chinese official name:Black fungus, hairy fungus
Fungus often grows on trees on urban streets, but don't pick them for food. They are very rich in heavy metals, and they are easily confused with the poisonous Euricula and black ear, and can be poisoned by mistake.
Tremella
Chinese official name:Tremella
Aliases:White fungus, snow fungus
Although it is called white fungus, the kinship with black fungus is actually very far away, and the eight poles can't be beaten. And it is yellow in the sun-dried state, and the soaked hair turns back white. Eating white fungus does not replenish collagen, its gum is a polysaccharide.
Golden fungus
Chinese official name:Golden fungus
Aliases:Yellow fungus, golden fungus, white fungus, Yunnan yellow fungus
In recent years, edible fungi have emerged, and they are planted in some parts of the south. It is a close relative of Tremella fuciformis, but unlike the flaky structure of Tremella fuciformis, Tremella looks more like a brain, with a golden color and a strong aroma.
Hydrangeas
Chinese official name:Hydrangeas
Aliases:Hydrangea mushroom, hydrangea mushroom
At first glance, it looks like a whole white fungus, but some people can't tell the difference, but in fact, the white fungus looks like a flower, but the hydrangea grows like a vegetable: many branches come out from a thick stalk, and the end of the branch is wrinkled petals.
Hydrangea is known as "".Sunshine mushroomsMycelial development requires a shady environment like most mushrooms, but the mushroom emergence stage requires more than 10 hours of light per day. In the past, it was mainly harvested in the wild, which was quite precious, but now it has been cultivated artificially, so it has become common in the national market.
Lion's mane mushroom
Chinese official name:Lion's mane mushroom
Aliases:Hericium erinaceus, hedgehog fungus, Hericium erinaceus
Furry, round, and resembling a monkey's head from a distance on a tree. When fresh, the surface fluff is white, but it is easy to oxidize and turn yellow, so except for a few residents of the production area, most people in the country can only eat its dried products. In fact, there is a huge difference in the taste of dried lion's mane mushroom and fresh taste, and the dried product is usually soaked in soup after soaking, and the taste is like a sponge that absorbs water; Fresh products are generally fried and have a crisp taste.