Zhang Huangyan (known as Cangshui) returned to his hometown of Ningbo, and although he was captured, he still adhered to his anti-Qing beliefs. When his fathers and fellow villagers heard the news, they went out of the city one after another, hoping to see the last appearance of this hero who had persisted in resisting the Qing Dynasty for nearly 20 years.
In the crowd, some people still had long braids from the Ming Dynasty, and they saw Zhang Huangyan wearing a square scarf on his head, wearing a Gebu robe, and a Ming Dynasty coat, as if he had returned to the past.
Everyone looked at this hero and couldn't help but burst into tears. Zhejiang Governor Zhang Jie tried his best to arrest Zhang Huangyan, and at this moment he "received" Zhang Huangyan in the government office, and the first sentence was "I have been waiting for you for a long time".
Zhang Huangyan looked calm, and immediately replied: "My father can't be buried when he dies, the country can't be saved, and there are more sins in death." Today's events are just a quick death! "Since he participated in the anti-Qing movement in eastern Zhejiang in 1645, he has never been afraid of death for nearly 20 years, he has been waiting for death to come, waiting for an appropriate time.
Now, the time has come.
In the summer of 1659, Zhang Huangyan and Zheng Chenggong jointly marched northward, went up the Yangtze River, fought all the time, and finally conquered Wuhu. This was Zhang Huangyan's biggest victory in several attacks on the Yangtze River.
He recalled the danger of this battle and said that "the sound of artillery on both sides of the strait was like thunder and bullets were like rain......Bones fly and flesh dances". However, victory comes fast and goes even faster. Zhang Huangyan's 3,000 naval army was able to take so many cities, thanks to Zheng Chenggong's main force containing the main force of the Qing army outside Nanjing.
However, Zheng Chenggong was carried away by the victory, thinking that the capture of Nanjing was like a treasure in his pocket, so he delayed sending troops to attack the city and delayed the fighters again and again. When the Qing army reinforcements arrived, Zheng Chenggong couldn't defeat it, so he had to retreat in a hurry.
Leaving Zhang Huangyan alone in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, there was no way to enter or retreat. At this time, the Qing army reoccupied the Yangtze River, and the upstream and downstream messages were cut off. Under the attack of the Qing army, Zhang Huangyan retreated into the mountains and mountains to fight guerrillas.
After a brutal struggle, the sacrifice of his army, the rout of the rout, and finally only one retinue was left to accompany him to break through, under the cover of the good people, all the way to the east, on foot for more than 2,000 miles, and retreated to the sea.
After this defeat, it was difficult for Zhang Huangyan to launch a powerful attack. It's only a matter of time before his ** is a**.
Zhang Huangyan is an iron-clad anti-Qing hero, he abandoned his wife and children, adhered to the national righteousness, and adhered to his beliefs even in the face of countless temptations and persuasions.
His dearest**, but he firmly chose not to compromise with the enemy. His wife, Dong, was imprisoned for him, and he made up for his debt to her by facing the long night alone.
He is a person with moral purity, and his perseverance and choice let us see his firmness and courage. His whole life was his insistence on morality and belief, and his loyalty to the country and the nation.
Zhang Huangyan's idol, Wen Tianxiang, is his spiritual soul idol. He found his spiritual archetype in history, a soul idol he hoped to target - Wen Tianxiang.
In his later martyrdom poems, there are these two sentences: "Stacked mountains died late and Wenshan early, and he was in the history of right and wrong." "Xie Fangde (No. Dieshan) died before the day of the Yuan Dynasty's destruction of the Song Dynasty, although he should not have been called on a hunger strike after the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty and died, Zhang Huangyan also had to compare him with Wen Tianxiang (No. Wenshan), lamenting that he died late.
Those who surrendered, such as Liumengyan and others, would be scolded by him for the eighteenth generation of their ancestors. A Qing court ** wrote to him to persuade him to surrender, and Zhang Huangyan replied unceremoniously: "If you are not filial, you will be in Wenwenshan, and the deacon does not have to be a dreamer!" ”
Meaning, it's inconvenient for me to say that I want to be Wen Tianxiang, but you don't have to let everyone in the world know that you want to be a dreamer, right? In a word, the persuader was ashamed.
There were several regimes in the Southern Ming Dynasty, but each regime hid dirt and dirt, and the internal struggle for orthodoxy and power was much stronger than that of the Qing army. All kinds of betrayals of each other, infighting and slander, surrender and apostasy, are staged in turn almost every day, and the bottom line is getting lower and lower.
Zhang Huangyan is very different from those obsessed with profit and corruption in the Southern Ming Dynasty, he is so pure that he is almost perfect, and there is only loyalty and righteousness in his eyes, and nothing else. It is hard to imagine that such a perfect moralist, if he did not have the death-determined imitation of his idols, and the high tension about the anti-Qing Dynasty, he would definitely feel broken down by the small court that he worked so hard for.
Therefore, Zhang Huangyan spent the second half of his life in autosuggestion. In his words or poems to friends, enemies, and himself, he everywhere reinforces a feeling that I am Wen Tianxiang.
Even on the most depressing days, he would divert his anxious mind by fighting again and again. Wen Tianxiang finally calmly took justice and realized his name in history.
Zhang Huangyan will definitely embark on this road, but it is only a matter of time.
From 1661 to 1662, during the two years when the two emperors Shunzhi and Kangxi took over, the anti-Qing camp of the Southern Ming Dynasty had many bad lucks: Yongli Emperor Zhu Youlang was hanged, Zheng Chenggong died in Taiwan, and Lu King Zhu Yihai died of illness ......Zheng Chenggong's son Zheng Jing retreated to the island of Taiwan on all fronts, and only Zhang Huangyan survived the anti-Qing forces in the southeast.
The rulers of the Qing Dynasty constantly adjusted their policies towards the Han people, becoming more and more sinicized, and when you look up, the world is no longer the world you were in 1645. Zhang Huangyan, who was exhausted, said that there was no point in fighting, and he finally dismissed the troops, leaving only a few diehards by his side, hiding on an island in Zhoushan.
From this point on, he had already imagined the scene of righteousness countless times. The day has finally come. Two disguised monks caught the entourage who went out of the island to exchange rice, and Zhang Jie, the governor of Zhejiang, learned of the island where Zhang Huangyan was hiding.
On July 20, the third year of Kangxi (1664), taking advantage of the night, a group of Qing troops broke into Zhang Huangyan's residence from behind the mountain. A soldier who went to arrest Zhang Huangyan later recalled that Zhang Huangyan's bed was full of books, there was a coffin next to it, and a sharp sword hung at the head of the bed.
Three days later, he was taken to the city of Ningbo and returned to his hometown for the last time in his life, as a captured criminal. In another ten days, Zhang Jie, who failed to persuade him to surrender, sent someone to escort Zhang Huangyan to Hangzhou.
In the prison in Hangzhou, Zhang Huangyan went on a hunger strike and still did not fall. Later, he was punished by the prison guards, and he barely survived on fruit. The citizens of Hangzhou chased them to prison like chasing stars.
In those days, Zhang Huangyan changed from a poet with a sword to a prisoner who wrote calligraphy, and he was very busy in prison.
What is written? One by one, all of them are written by Wen Tianxiang's "Song of Righteousness"! On the seventh day of the ninth lunar month, Zhang Huangyan was escorted to the execution ground, and when he saw the sun shining on the top of Phoenix Mountain, he roared: Good mountains!
The executioner asked him what his last words were. He casually recited four short poems that had already been drafted: "I am fifty-nine years old (referring to 45 years old), and I will meet on the seventh day of September." The building is no longer supported, and everything is done. ”
The on-site documents were immediately recorded with a pen. The time for the execution has arrived. Zhang Huangyan refused to kneel, held his head high, and was righteous under the knife. For him, a Zhang Huangyan died, and another "Wen Tianxiang" lived.
A few days earlier, his wife and children had been killed in Zhenjiang. No one told him the sad news. A few years later, a historian who did not leave a name wrote word by word: "Huang Yan died and Ming died." ”
A dynasty that lasted for 20 years from the time it was declared extinction. Zhang Huangyan is the last lonely hero of the past 20 years, the last resolute and sad end.