Once, I don't know who, gently tore openKiwiThe thin skin, the emerald flesh was exposed, and the faint fragrance quietly spread all over the streets, and everyone was chasing and tasting itSweet and sour taste
But in recent years, its fameIt's getting worse every year, was criticized as a "bad fruit", the reason is that everyone thinks that the quality and taste of kiwi are not as good as before.
Everybody mentions".The King of FruitsPerhaps the first thing that comes to mind is durian. But in our country, the "king" of fruits is kiwifruit. At this time, some people may say, isn't kiwi also called "kiwifruit"? I guess it's made abroad, but it's notHuaxiaHow can the local ones be the king and hegemon in China?
In China, the history of kiwi can be traced back toThe Book of Songs, but at that time, human beings had not paid attention to it.
As early as in the classic ancient book "Book of Songs" in the pre-Qin period of China, there is such a description: "There is a long and a branch. ”said in the article".Chang Chu", that is, "wild peach", that is, the kiwi fruit we are familiar with today. With the passage of time, it was later recorded in many ancient books.
Obviously, this is a fruit that has been practiced in China for a long time, but in the past, it has been regarded as a kind by the ancientsWild fruits, just like golden cherry blossoms and jujubes, they have not been systematically planted.
In ChinaMidwestThere are a large number of kiwifruit from Sichuan to Gansu. That is, in the last centurySeventies and eightiesNew ZealandThe "kiwifruit" became an instant hit, which attracted the attention of the domestic market, and large-scale cultivation and cultivation were carried out.
That kiwi fruit is produced fromChinaWhy is it so popular in New Zealand?
As we all know, the English name of kiwi is "kiwi fruit", but the national bird of New Zealand - ".Kiwi"It is also translated as".kiwi”。However, how can kiwifruit be "renamed" with New Zealand's national bird, isn't it a native fruit of China?
This story is going to start withThe beginning of the year began, and at that time, there was oneTeachers in New ZealandWhen I first saw kiwifruit in China, I was fascinated by its appearance. We know that the kiwi is calledKiwiIt is because of its brown peel with a layer of fluffy hair, which is very similar to the fur of macaques.
But in the eyes of the New Zealand teacher, the fruit resembles the kiwi, the national bird of New Zealand. This endangered species does look a lot like one."A kiwi that can walkGray, fluffy, and bulging.
Perhaps because the female teacher loves to eat this sweet and sour fruit, or perhaps because she thinks that this fruit is very similar to the "kiwi" in her own country, she also specially selected a variety of different kinds of kiwi fruit and prepared itThe second yearTake it to New ZealandSeeding
Six years laterThe kiwifruit has finally begun to "multiply" in New Zealand. At the same time, in faraway China, where the kiwi fruit originated, no one cares.
from1976 yearSince then, New Zealand's exports of "kiwifruit" have gradually surpassed domestic sales. Since then, kiwi has become New ZealandThe main economic product。At the same time, many countries around the world began to grow kiwifruit, and slowly, a worldwide fruit industry was formed.
Seeing that kiwifruit is in full swing abroad, the Chinese have realized that this humble wild fruit has great potential, and the development of kiwifruit in New Zealand is even more resoundingAlarm bells, reminding us to vigorously develop our own kiwifruit industry.
Under the Ministry of Agriculture of China, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and other organizations, YuAugust 1978The "National Kiwifruit Conference" was held in Xinyang City, Henan Province.
And put forward two tasks: first, to conduct a comprehensive survey of kiwifruit in China, and classify it; The second is to cultivate a kiwifruit that is better than abroad, and it is a kiwifruit that can be used for planting. The convening of this conference marks the official launch of China's research and development work in the field of kiwifruit.
Although kiwifruit has not been developed in China for as long as abroad, it has a unique characterPalateand higherNutritional value, which has been widely recognized.
In modern scientific research, it can be learned that its nutrients are the richest and most comprehensive of all fruits, and its calcium is grapefruit2.6 times, Apple's17 times, bananas4 times, and the vitamin C content is orange2 times。In particular, red heart kiwifruit, in the past few years, was very popular in the market, and it was also very high.
So kiwi was also called "" beforeCash cowEvery time the kiwifruit is on the market, the fruit on the stall will be snapped up as soon as it arrives. But now, kiwi has reached the point where "everyone shouts and beats", why is this?
Early picking
I love kiwi and I buy them many times a year, but in the last two years I rarely buy them because they are so hard from the moment they come back that they can even break the eggs. And put it thereThree weeksNone of them will soften, and then they will be soft when they are placed on the apple, but when they are peeled off, they are bad inside." Here's feedback from an avid kiwi fan.
This is mainly due to early harvesting. Due to the improper timing of the harvest, the ripeness of the fruit varies greatly. Therefore, it is of great significance to formulate a scientific picking time to ensure the quality of kiwifruit.
The results showed that the soluble solids content of the fruit should be reachedis the best time to pick fruits. Pick ripe fruit too earlyGreen fruit, which has a greater impact on the internal quality of the fruit.
However, because of the dealers' rush to harvest, there are not a few cases of early fruit picking, green fruit picking, dew fruit picking, and rain shower fruit picking. So because of the lack of scienceHarvesting systems and effective testing methodsAt present, the picking of kiwifruit mainly relies on experience, resulting in uneven ripeness and taste of the fruit, which seriously affects the consumerWillingness to buy
The fruit varies in size
Pollination is not sufficient, on kiwi fruit-shapedSize and uniformityIt also has a big impact. Kiwi is a type of fruitdioeciousPlants need to have good pollination conditions to get round fruits.
The results show that differentMethods of pollinationIt has an effect on the number of grains and the storage capacity of the fruit. If pollination cannot be completed well, it will lead to poor fruit size uniformity, and it is easy to lead to special-shaped fruits, small fruits, fruit drops and other phenomena, thereby reducing the high-quality fruit rate and commodity rate of kiwifruit.
Unscrupulous merchants
The use of too many leavening agents has caused a deterioration in the internal quality of the fruit
Bulking agentIt is a commonly used plant hormone, and it is widely used in the cultivation of kiwifruit. Since it works well on expansion, it has a wide range of applications.
However, the application of bulking agents also brings many negative effects, such as: causing weakness and reduced resistance to stress in the tree; The fruit happenedDeformities, which affects the value of its goods; The product has a short shelf life, is not easy to store, etc.
The use of chemical preservatives destroys the physiological ripening of fruits, and serious cases are inedible
The use of chemical preservatives affected the fruitPhysiological post-maturation。At present, the chemical preservatives used are mostly used for the storage of kiwifruit.
Proper application can delay the aging of its later ripening, so as to achieve the purpose of prolonging its storage period; However, excessive application will affect the normal binding of ethylene to the receptor, affect its physiological ripening process, and lead to itStarch, celluloseIt cannot be hydrolyzed into sugar, and the fruit cannot be ripened and soft after being eaten normally. This has had a great impact on the reputation of kiwifruit in the market.
Obviously, if you want to become the king of fruits again, you need to improve the kiwiQuality。Improving the quality and safety level of kiwifruit in China is a long-term and difficult system project, which cannot be solved simply by any method, and needs to be systematicSolutionto cope.
Strengthen the control of leavening agents, chemical preservatives and pesticides
Strengthen supervision and inspection to reduce residues. It is very difficult to ban the use of leavening agents, but we must stick to it. And under this premise, a variety of technical means are adopted to achieve the purpose of improving fruit quality.
Promote standardized production to lay a solid foundation for fruit quality and safety.
Promote standardized planting, promote commercial pollination technology, and establish product technical documents.
Formulate a scientific harvesting system and strengthen the management of storage periods
In order to ensure the quality of the fruit, increase the visibility of the market and improve the consumerWillingness to buyGrowers and dealers should consciously stop "early picking".
Although the reputation of kiwifruit is not good at this time, with the strong monitoring of the market, it is believed that this phenomenon will slowly disappear. Everyone should have a hold on to domestic kiwifruitHopefullyIt is believed that after all, there are a few unscrupulous businesses that advocate early mining and the use of chemicals, and after there are constraints, the market will definitely give feedback to consumers moreGood quality kiwi