The dual-track pension system refers to the implementation of different pension systems for employees of enterprises and personnel of government agencies and institutions. Specifically, the pension of enterprise employees is jointly paid by enterprises and individuals, and the final pension amount is related to factors such as individual payment period, payment base and payment ratio, and is a combination of social pooling and personal accounts. The pension of the personnel of government institutions is borne by the state finance, and the individual does not need to pay any fees, and the final pension amount is related to the individual's position, level and length of service.
The existence of this dual-track pension system has led to a large difference in the pension benefits enjoyed by enterprise employees and personnel of government agencies and institutions after retirement. The pension of enterprise workers is generally low, while the pension of government officials and institutions is generally high, and this unfair phenomenon has caused social dissatisfaction and controversy.
There are historical reasons for the formation of the dual-track pension system. With the establishment and development of the market economic system, the pension system for enterprise workers and workers has gradually shifted to a social overall planning model that is jointly borne by enterprises and individuals, while the pension system for personnel of government organs and institutions has always maintained a mode of being borne by the state finance.
In recent years, with the deepening of the aging of the population and the development of social economy, the disadvantages of the dual-track pension system have become more and more obvious. On the one hand, the pension treatment of enterprise employees is generally low, which is difficult to meet the basic living needs of the elderly; On the other hand, the pension benefits of the personnel of government organs and institutions are excessively high, and there is an irrational phenomenon. Therefore, the reform of the dual-track pension system has become one of the focuses of social attention.
Reform of the dual-track pension system needs to start from many aspects. First of all, a unified pension system should be established, and the employees of enterprises and the personnel of government agencies and institutions should be included in the same pension system. Secondly, it is necessary to increase the pension payment base and payment ratio of enterprise workers, and increase the accumulation of personal accounts, so as to improve the level of pension treatment of enterprise workers. In addition, a scientific pension adjustment mechanism should be established to reasonably adjust the pension level according to factors such as economic development, financial situation and social needs.
Reform of the dual-track pension system requires a balance of interests from all sides. On the one hand, the basic living needs of the elderly should be guaranteed and their quality of life should be improved. On the other hand, social fairness and justice should be promoted and unreasonable disparities should be eliminated. At the same time, factors such as financial affordability, level of economic development and social acceptance need to be considered.
In short, the dual-track pension system has become an urgent problem to be solved. Only through reform can we establish a fairer and more sustainable pension system, provide better living security for the elderly, and promote the harmonious development of society.