Three minutes to talk about culture
In 1958, the Military Commission held an enlarged meeting, and the original theme was to sum up lessons and lessons and prepare for the subsequent army building.
However, the original theme quickly deviated from the original harmony as the meeting progressed, and it turned from mutual attack and contention.
In this meeting, Su Yu was severely criticized, his post as chief of staff was revoked, and he was unfairly criticized.
So, why did this meeting turn into a criticism meeting when it was open?What the hell is going on in there?
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) entered a new stage of army building. With the signing of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance between China and the Soviet Union in 1950, China completely fell into the socialist camp.
At the same time, the Soviet Union did not go back on its promises and began to provide a series of assistance to China.
In the military aspect, the Soviet Union not only gave New China a batch of first-class ammunition, but more importantly, the Soviet Union also began to disseminate military theories and ideas to China, hoping to pass on advanced modern military experience to the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
Therefore, after the founding of New China, the reform and development of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) were generally carried out according to the Soviet model.
At that time, in accordance with the instructions of the Military Commission, a number of Soviet military experts and advisers were hired at that time, and a group of cadres were selected and sent to Soviet military schools for further study, and a number of books and materials on Soviet military experience were also translated and published.
From 1952 to 1956, our army made great progress in its construction, completed the transformation from a single branch of the armed forces in the past to a combined army of various services and arms, successively established a number of military academies and military institutions, formulated and promulgated common regulations and a series of norms, and implemented the "three major systems" necessary for regularization, namely, the compulsory military service system, the military rank system, and the officer salary system.
However, in the process of learning, there are also certain problems. For example, in the process of studying, the army at that time only cared about copying and copying, as long as it was the Soviet Union, it thought it was right, and did not take into account the national conditions of China at that time, so that some problems arose at that time.
Soon, I noticed these problems, and when I was writing "On the Ten Major Relationships", I deliberately emphasized that when learning advanced foreign experience, we should study critically, and we should not copy and follow suits.
Moreover, not only did they pay attention to these problems, but many military cadres at the grassroots level at that time also found that some people had certain deviations and misunderstandings in the process of studying.
More crucially, during this period, the so-called "October Incident" also occurred in Hungary, and the Hungarian masses believed that the ruling party had copied the Soviet model, and that the centralization of power and *** had caused serious problems for the country's own development.
As a result, a serious social outbreak occurred in the local area, which eventually led to the tragedy of thousands of deaths.
Therefore, under such circumstances, the Military Commission of the People's Republic of China believes that it is necessary to convene an enlarged meeting to specifically solve this problem, and also wants to take advantage of this opportunity to carry out a rectification campaign in the army in order to improve the combat effectiveness of the army.
On May 27, 1958, the enlarged meeting of the Military Commission opened.
At the opening ceremony, he said: "The two tasks of this meeting are rectification and reorganization. The opening of the meeting, according to the instructions of the first class, adopts the method of loud and loud, big debate.
In the beginning, the leaders focused on the current problems in the army and the measures that could be taken. However, at the meeting, he repeatedly mentioned the issue of dogmatism, and also emphasized that some people in the army copied and learned from the Soviet Union, and then, in combination with the problems he saw at the Nanjing Military School, he began to talk about his own ideas, and he pointed out that he had seen a large number of dogmatic problems in the military academy.
And Mr. Peng, who has always been very upright, naturally didn't think too much, so he said everything he was not used to.
However, the speaker has no intention, and the listener has the intention.
At that time, many people at the meeting put forward different opinions, because for the Nanjing Military Academy, such criticism is tantamount to criticizing these leading cadres, so at the meeting, they broke out a fierce quarrel with ***.
At the same time, there was also an unfounded attack on Su Yu at the meeting, and after the preparatory meeting on 24 May, at the second small meeting of the enlarged meeting of the Central Military Commission on 26 May, the Central Military Commission instructed Su Yu, chief of the General Staff, to review the so-called "general participation in the relationship between the Ministry of National Defense" and other issues.
Later, he emphasized many times that Su Yu was "always anti-leadership" at that time, and always asked for power from the Ministry of National Defense, and pointed out that there was a lot of dispute between Su Yu and *** on the issue of signature at that time.
Originally, it was just a matter of work coordination between *** and Su Yu, and it was just a small contradiction, but many people at the meeting began to grasp this point and began to attack Su Yu in a big way, especially at that time, he began to take the opportunity to belittle *** and Su Yu, and then he made this meeting a criticism conference without concealment.
At the same time, the meeting was further upgraded, in accordance with the instructions of the first class, the first adjusted the deployment of the meeting, and the location of the meeting was also moved from the original Chengdu to Zhongnanhai Huairen Hall.
At the beginning of the meeting, it was said that the theme of the conference was anti-dogmatism and that the struggle for the line would be waged.
The meeting completely changed its flavor.
* Fanning the flames at the meeting, insinuating and playing a bad role in fueling the flames. He said: "Some people think of foreign countries when they mention studying, and they specialize in learning foreign things", and regard foreign things as "foreign buns", "We have a lot of experience, and we can't get rid of ** as loess." He also sensationally said: "It is wrong for some units not to use military works as basic military teaching materials, but only as reference materials." Some units are not even listed for reference, let alone so. ”
* The accused of these problems, in fact, do not exist in any unit. He said this with ulterior motives at all, attacking the military academy and the general training without naming them, and pointing the finger at *** and Xiao Ke. This is where the real anti-dogmatism conference began.
And this meeting not only gave unjust treatment to Su Yu and Su Yu, but more importantly, the military reform at that time was also suspended, and the army consciously or unconsciously rejected foreign beneficial things, so that the army neglected to study and learn from the experience of foreign armies for a long time.
Many high-ranking generals in the army were suspicious of this.
At the same time, it also laid a hidden danger for the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution later.
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