It is recorded in the famous historical classic "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms: The Biography of Guan Yu": In 200 AD, on the fifth year of Jian'an, Cao Cao went eastward, but Liu Bei fled to Yuan Shao in a hurry to avoid the limelight. In the panic of the people, Cao Cao actually captured Guan Yu with one move, and immediately named him a partial general after bringing him back, and gave him extremely high respect and preferential treatment. Luo Guanzhong commented on this: This is an exceptional courtesy. Next, we further ** the Eastern Han Dynasty, the lofty status of the general.
The three brothers Liu Guan and Zhang who stood at the fork of fate.
Liu Guanzhang and the three brothers, who have suffered many setbacks, although Liu Bei successfully occupied Xuzhou, but he still did not stop his pace of striving for world domination, but the army lacked talents, and always looked forward to recruiting heroes and heroes to enrich their strength. As a result, the famous Lü Bu led the crowd to join him—but he had just retreated from Cao Cao, which made Liu Bei overjoyed, ignoring the concerns of Zhang Fei and others, and resolutely took Lü Bu in, and generously arranged for him to be stationed in Xiaopeicheng.
So, why did Zhang Fei and others oppose Liu Bei's acceptance of Lu Bu? The reason is that although Liu Bei had already chased the Central Plains at that time, he only had pitiful rights. And although Lu Bu is a little older than Liu Bei, he has a prominent reputation and a higher official position, and he is really a well-deserved big name. What big guy is willing to condescend to a small role? Therefore, when Lü Bu stabilized his foundation in Xuzhou, he ambitiously drove Liu Bei away and occupied the dominant position in Xuzhou.
Later, Liu Bei turned to Cao Cao for help, and Cao Cao personally stabbed Lu Bu. What a good Liu Bei is at hiding his strength, he skillfully uses Cao Cao's characteristics of cherishing talents, won Cao Cao's high trust, and then obtained the power to command the army in battle. It's a pity that the good times didn't last long, and the cunning Liu Bei led the army to Xuzhou and immediately turned against the water and played the banner of anti-Cao.
Cao Cao was a discerning politician who knew that he could not allow a character like Liu Bei to rise as a threat. So he ignored the pressure of Yuan Shao's army in Hebei Province and chose to eliminate Liu Bei by acting swiftly like lightning, and he led the army to attack Liu Bei, defeating Liu Bei and finally forcing him to flee from Xuzhou again. Since then, the three brothers Liu Guanzhang have been shattered and scattered!
Liu Bei led a small number of cronies to escape from the enemy's hands and went to Hebei, thousands of miles away, and took refuge with Yuan Shao. And Zhang Fei fought his way in the melee, and he couldn't find his brother and second brother for a while, so he simply took part of the remnants of the defeated army and fell into the grass in Mangdang Mountain. As for Guan Yu, he was heavily surrounded by Cao's army, and Cao Cao sent Zhang Liao, who was originally from the same township as him, to persuade him to surrender, at which point Guan Yu put forward a condition unprecedented in the history of warfare - only after receiving news from Liu Bei could he promise to let go of his responsibilities and come to surrender. In the end, Cao Cao, who had commendable courage and greatly valued talents, actually forgave this condition, so Guan Yu made a clear decision.
Cao Cao gave Guan Yu a generous treatment of money, power, and honor. At that time, Guan Yu was already known as a "man who can be a tiger", and his heroic deeds were already well-known. Cao Cao, who was thirsty for talent, poured great enthusiasm into Guan Yu and decided to do his best to meet the hero's requirements and establish a deep friendship between monarchs and ministers. In order to realize this vision, Cao Cao went all out and sincerely asked Emperor Xian of Han for approval, and awarded Guan Yubian the title of general with the most solemn court etiquette. This kind of courtesy did cause dissatisfaction among some of Cao's generals. However, because Cao Cao strictly adhered to the principles of clear rewards and punishments and guaranteed justice, and had a very high reputation in the army, coupled with Guan Yu's burly figure and excellent martial arts, even if the generals were disgusted in their hearts, they could only obey on the surface.
So, what is the importance of the position of partial general, and how can it arouse the grievances of the generals of the Cao army? People tend to deny its value because of its "partial" character, thinking that it is just a partial general, and there is nothing special about it. However, in fact, according to the setting of the Eastern Han Dynasty bureaucracy, the position of the partial general in the imperial court was like a rock and had indispensable influence. It is no exaggeration to say that 90 percent of the generals in the army will not be promoted to the high position of partial generals in their lifetime.
Here's an example of how challenging it is to get a partial general.
When we look at this influential general under Sun Quan of Eastern Wu, Lu Xun, we will inevitably find that since the moment he entered the temple, he has devoted his whole life to fighting for his status and honor. In his long career, after 16 years of hard work, he was promoted to the position of partial general, which was the starting way for him to become an outstanding general with both wisdom and courage on the battlefield.
It is important to note that we should not be misled by popular historical documents. It is necessary to make a clear correction - it is not that Lu Xun was still a scholar when he led the Eastern Wu army to confront Liu Bei's army in the Battle of Yiling, and his name as a scholar stems from his early political experience more than 20 years ago. Let's look back at his upbringing to understand what kind of training he needed to go through to become a high-ranking general in the Eastern Han Dynasty system in which he lived.
So, let's start exploring the life journey of this historical figure in Soochow, Lu Xun. In the eighth year of Jian'an (203), on a cool morning, Lu Xun, who was only twenty-one years old, stepped into Sun Quan's shogunate with enthusiasm and served as the commander of the East and West Cao Lingshi. The nature of Cao Lingshi's work is like that of a secretary in Sun Quan's office, so it can be boldly speculated that Lu Xun's reputation as a scholar is closely related to this rich work experience.
Despite his youth and lack of battlefield experience, Sun Quan quickly sent him to Haichang County, Wu County, in what is now Haining Haiyan District, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, to serve as the Governor of Tuntian and concurrently serve as the county magistrate. At that time, when the drought in Jiangdong continued to spread, Lu Xun resolutely decided to open the warehouse for grain storage for disaster relief and actively supervise the recovery of agricultural production, which was deeply recognized by the local residents and even the entire army.
However, it is important to know that Koto during the Three Kingdoms period was not a place of elegance that was famous for advocating literature as later generations. At that time, the people in the land of Wuyue mostly had the custom of shaving their foreheads and hair like tattoos and decorating their bodies with tattoos, and their brave and tenacious spirit was almost the same as that of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In addition, among the mountains and rivers and lakes outside the city, a large proportion of people refused to accept the rule of the imperial court.
In the face of such a complex and diverse situation, Lu Xun was undaunted, on the one hand, he recruited those who did not want to obey the management, expanded the number of household registration, and led them to engage in farming activities; On the other hand, they selected people with strong physique and full of potential to form a team, and gradually cultivated an elite army that can fight well.
We all know that at that time, there was an armed force called Huiji bandits in Shaoxing, which was temporarily assembled and did many evils for a long time, often going to Haichang to harass and threaten the local social order. Before Lu Xun arrived here, the official launched many encirclement and suppression operations but ended in vain. However, since Lu Xun took office, the situation has changed dramatically. He selected militia forces for training, personally participated in the combat training of the king, and gradually entered the battle, he led the soldiers with courage to ambush Pan Lin's place, and achieved a phased victory in each battle, and put down the thieves who had plagued the residents of Haichang for a long time in one fell swoop. At the same time, the number of elite soldiers trained by Lu Xun in the course of the battle reached more than 2,000.
In addition to the military pressure from Cao Cao in the north, Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period also had to face an internal problem—the Shanyue tribesmen trying to break free from the control of the imperial court. These people who did not obey the king's laws and orders often rebelled and rebelled. As a result, many of the famous generals of Soochow actually grew up in the various rehabilitation campaigns launched against Shanyue. For example, Lu Xun himself is one of them.
Subsequently, Lu Xun focused on compiling household registers, promoting agricultural production, and training soldiers, exterminating bandits and pacifying them. In the twenty-first year of Jian'an (216), the thief leader in the Poyang area began to be lawless again, seriously disrupting production and life, and shaking the stability of the internal situation in Soochow. Sun Quan suddenly recalled this former right-hand man who had assisted him in suppressing bandits, pacifying troubled times, and showing extraordinary qualities, and decided to send the soldiers of his headquarters under the command of Lu Xun to cooperate with the Fenwu general He Qi to start a struggle against the Huaiyang bandits.
In the end, Lu Xun once again showed his outstanding military talent and unique tactical strategy, and the team led won victories one after another, completely leveling this group of *** militants, killing a total of more than 2,000 enemy soldiers. It was this great military exploit that made him honorary to the post of captain Dingwei and led the army to be stationed in Lippur. From then on, Sun Quan deeply felt his loyalty and trustworthiness, and appreciated him even more, and even played the role of a matchmaker, leading his brother Sun Ce's second daughter to marry him. In this way, Lu Xun successfully entered the circle of generals in high society by virtue of this marriage bond, and the process of achieving this step took a full ten years.
Ever since the two became related, the lord Sun Quan often consulted Lu Xun on political strategy, and Lu Xun made pertinent and practical advice according to the situation: our top priority is to carry out an all-out attack on the gentry and bandits in Jiangdong who believe that they are superior to the terrain and act according to this custom, include their people in the household register, and select elite soldiers to join the army. Only in this way can we achieve internal stability and thus have greater strength to compete for the world.
Lord Sun Quan agreed with Lu Xun's opinion, because his suggestion brought practical results, so he made an exception again to promote Lu Xun to the position of the right governor of the account, which is already equivalent to the level of a general of the Praetorian Guard, but this is still a distance from the general.
In the Danyang area, a thief named Fei Zhan received an official seal from Cao Cao, and used his influence to inspire the Shanyue people to rebel. Lu Xun was appointed as the chief general and led the army to defeat these thieves. At that time, the number of soldiers led by Lu Xun was limited, while the enemy was outnumbered. In the face of this predicament, Lu Xun adopted a strategy of combining fiction and reality, opening his banner between the mountains and forests, in order to confuse the enemy, and then sent elite soldiers to launch a surprise attack, and the thief army was defeated in only one battle.
The lord Sun Quan granted the scepter to Lu Xun and gave him the responsibility of supervising the three counties of Huiji, Poyang and Danyang. Lu Xun was very resolute in demanding that the Shanyue inhabitants who had lived in the mountains for a long time move to the plains, re-register their household registrations, cultivate the land and pay taxes, and at the same time select brave and warlike men to enlist in the army, recruiting more than 10,000 soldiers. From then on, Lu Xun's army was stationed in Wuhu.
It is worth noting that Lu Xun, as a soldier who has been in the army for 14 years, has made remarkable military achievements due to his outstanding performance, and has become Sun Quan's niece-in-law, but he has only served as the governor of the three counties, and has not yet received the official title of high-ranking general! It was not until the winter of the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an, when Guan Yu surrounded Cao Ren and confronted Xu Huang's main force in the Xiangfan area, that Lu Xun made an in-depth and thorough analysis of the current situation and proposed a bold strategy to the lord Sun Quan to attack Jingzhou, which made the empire finally willing to recognize Lu Xun's talent and make him a partial general.
Judging from the chronological order of events, from the eighth year of Jian'an to the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an, Lu Xun experienced a full sixteen years from entering the army to officially being named a partial general. Through Lu Xun's example, it can be seen that if you want to become a partial general, you can imagine the hard work you need.
Taking Lu Xun as an example, although he won the favor of the goddess of luck at the beginning, he became a close minister of the lord Sun Quan, and his own ability is outstanding, whether it is financial management or military training, he has a high level. Even so, it took Lu Xun a full sixteen years to finally get the title of partial general.
On the contrary, when Guan Yu first defected to Cao Cao, he actually did not have any credit to speak of, but Cao Cao promoted him exceptionally, and directly promoted him to a partial general by jumping over the middle rank. Therefore, it is not surprising that other generals of the Cao army expressed their dissatisfaction with this.
Therefore, even though Guan Yu always had the determination to be very loyal to Liu Bei and immediately defect to the past as long as he learned about Liu Bei's relevant news, he couldn't help but sigh deeply before leaving: "Cao Cao's kindness to me is very deep, I must make meritorious service here to repay his expectations, and then consider leaving here!" "
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