Mountain garden Xiaomei.
Song] Lin Kui. The crowd shook off the solitary beauty and occupied the small garden.
The shadow is sparse and the water is shallow, and the dark fragrance floats in the dusk of the moon.
The frost bird wants to steal the eye first, and the pink butterfly knows how to break the soul.
Fortunately, there is a slight groan, and there is no need for sandalwood to be a gold bottle.
The shadow is sparse, the water is shallow, the dark fragrance floats in the moon and the dusk" can be described as the most praised couplet in the poetry of the plum blossoms. This poem also wins with this couplet.
The first joint praised the plum blossoms in the harsh winter when the flowers withered. With the word "alone" to bring out the unique beauty of plum blossoms in the jaw couplet, the spirit is clear and the bones are beautiful, noble and dignified, and the solitude is super easy. The jaw couplet expresses the charm of plum with the superposition of related images: the sparse shadow, the posture of the horizontal oblique side, the shallow water surface, the floating dark fragrance, and the moonlit night dusk, all of which are quiet and elegant, and seem to be in a state of nothingness. This couplet is even better in the words "horizontal" and "floating", which are matched with the preceding and following nouns at the same time, so that these images fly and intertwine, full of possibilities for combination. The "sparse shadow" and "dark fragrance" in this couplet were also used by the Southern Song Dynasty lyricist Jiang Kui as the name of the two Yongmei poems.
The reason why the poet can accurately describe the spirit of plum blossoms is because of his own character of "seeking glory and profit" and "interest and far-reaching". Lin Kui, living in seclusion in the lonely mountain of West Lake, with plum and crane as a companion, lifelong marriage, known as "plum wife and crane", West Lake sergeant, nicknamed Mr. Jing. He was a famous hermit poet in the early Song Dynasty, and although he did not leave the city for more than 20 years, he was well-known all over the world, attracting many scholars and doctors to visit the West Lake. Song Zhenzong even ordered the magistrate Tegarao to ask. Ouyang Xiu said that after Lin Kui's death, "the lakes and mountains were lonely, and there was no successor", which shows his admiration.
Anchor the boat in Kua Chau. Song] Wang Anshi.
Jingkou Guazhou is a water, Zhongshan is only separated by a few mountains.
The spring breeze is on the south bank of the Green River, when will the bright moon shine on me?
Guazhou is on the north bank of the Yangtze River, opposite to Jingkou across the river; From Jingkou to Zhongshan, there are only a few mountains. Jiangning, where Zhongshan is located, is the place where Wang Anshi lived when he was a teenager, and it is also the place where Wang Anshi chose to die for himself after he resigned as prime minister. At this time, it was February of the eighth year of Xining (1075), and Wang Anshi was on his way to Beijing to pay his second visit to the prime minister. At this time, it had been six years since he first visited the prime minister in the second year of his reign (1069) and began to implement the new law, and less than a year after his first dismissal in the seventh year of his reign (1074). At this time, Wang Anshi has experienced all kinds of criticism since the implementation of the new law, and has experienced various turmoil on the **, and his mood is very different from when he first went to Beijing to pay homage to the prime minister six years ago. As soon as I crossed the river to the north, I was already looking back. He knew that the road ahead would be difficult and dangerous, and success or failure was unpredictable, and behind him was Jiangnan February, and the grass grew and the warbler flew. He hadn't left yet, and he was already hoping to return soon.
The most talked about thing about this poem is Wang Anshi's repeated scrutiny and revision of the word "green". It is said that I saw the manuscript of Wang Anshi's poem, which was originally written as "to the south bank of the Yangtze River again", and the word "to" was circled to "pass", and then changed to "in" and "full" and other more than a dozen words, and finally set the word "green". Compared with other words, "green" has a distinct visual image, supplemented by the spring breeze and bright moon, this beautiful Jiangnan is indeed worthy of Wang Anshi's thoughts.
Wang Anshi's wish was soon realized: a year later, Wang Anshi resigned again, retired to Jiangning, and died here.
Drink the lake after the first sunny day and then the rain (the second).
Song] Su Shi. The water is shining and sunny, and the mountains are empty and rainy.
If you want to compare West Lake to Xizi, it is always appropriate to apply light makeup and heavy makeup.
At first glance, it seems to praise the two different beauties of the West Lake, but with the first reading, you will find that "there is a true meaning in this", this poem is a poetic display of Su Shi's future mentality.
The morning sun welcomes the guests Yan Chonggang, and the evening rain leaves people into the drunken country. This means that Jiajun will not, a cup should be the Narcissus King. "The sun is still shining in the morning, but it is raining in the evening, and it is inevitable that some people will feel disappointed. But Su Shi said, "This meaning will not be since Jiajun", if you let go of the prejudice against the rain and shake off the troubles caused by the rain, then the night rain of the West Lake has its own poetic beauty. So I suddenly realized, "Light makeup and heavy makeup are always appropriate." The beauty lies in this "total" word. If we look at all things with the eyes of heaven and earth, and let go of personal gains and losses and prejudices, then all things "always" have their beauty. As it is said in "The Transcendent Table": "Everything is considerable." There is a lot of money, there is a coke, and it is not necessarily strange and beautiful. If you open your understanding, let go of your obsessions, and have a pair of eyes to discover beauty, then all things "always" have their own appreciable and pleasant beauty.
As a result, the promotion and depreciation of life are no longer the two ends of joy and depression. Whatever the situation, there's something great about it. Even if he is put to Hainan at the ends of the earth, Su Shi can find happiness. "Eat 300 lychees a day, and don't hesitate to be a Lingnan person", "But looking for the cow and looking for the way back, the home is in the west of the cowpen", "The child mistakenly likes Zhu Yan, and when he smiles, he knows that it is wine red". The rain in the West Lake was not only an empty feast, but also opened Su Shi's transcendent intellectual life: no matter whether life is cloudy or not, he can "always" perceive inner self-confidence and freedom.
Send yellow several times. Song] Huang Tingjian.
I live in Beihaijun Nanhai, and I can't send geese to pass on the book.
A glass of wine in the spring breeze of peach and plum, and ten years of night rain in the rivers and lakes.
The family is housekeeper but has four walls, and the treatment is not a three-fold humerus.
I want to read the book and the head is white, and the ape across the stream cries miasma and vines.
The friendship of friends thousands of miles away is the most touching part of this poem. When this poem was written, the valley was in Dezhou, Shandong, and Huang Jifu was in Sihui County, Guangzhou, both by the sea, but they were thousands of miles apart, so the first sentence said "I live in Beihai Jun Nanhai". With such a long distance, it is inevitable that the period of writing a letter will be too long or difficult to send, and even the wild goose that transmits the book can only refuse politely. The poet uses whimsical ideas to express the difficulty of audio, and his thoughts are new and ingenious, and his feelings are deep.
A glass of wine in the spring breeze of peach and plum, and ten years of night rain in the rivers and lakes. A series of ordinary nouns are combined by the poet to create two contrasting artistic conceptions, is it the hardships behind the poetic life of the reader, or the ten-year-long parting after the peach and plum tree talked about the wine? These two opposing aspects may be in the same part of life or they may be distributed at different stages of life. But they're all poems. They are like the black and white keys in life, and people throughout the ages have used them to play the music of their own lives, popping up ups and downs, and having a long rhyme.
At this moment, Huang Jifu is probably in a depressed music. The poet hopes that everything will go well in the wilderness, but Lingnan has a different language and culture, probably only in the book, Huang Sheng can still get some comfort. And outside the book, I am afraid that there is only a mournful ape voice and a pervasive miasma. In the final couplet, the poem reveals his deep concern and sympathy for his friends.
Xiao out of the Jingci Temple to send Lin Zifang.
Song] Yang Wanli.
After all, in the middle of June, the scenery of West Lake is not the same as the four seasons.
The lotus leaves are infinitely green, and the lotus flowers are different red.
Jingci Temple is on the south bank of the West Lake, out of the Jingci Temple, you can see the West Lake, see the Su Causeway and the White Causeway that runs through the north and south of the West Lake, see the lonely mountain on the opposite bank, and look down slightly, you can see the Leifeng Pagoda on the south bank of the West Lake. The poet did not write about these scenes, not because they were not beautiful, but because they were always there all year round. In the early morning of this June summer, when the poet walked out of Jingci Temple and raised his eyes to see the West Lake, what occupied his vision was the lotus leaves that stretched out into the distance in the lake, and the lotus flowers that bloomed out of the water.
The West Lake, which is always suitable for light makeup, has a different kind of beauty in the early morning of June summer. The green of the lotus leaves and the red of countless lotus flowers make the poet dizzy, and his eyes really have no time to take care of other scenes, although they are also extremely beautiful.
Lin'an spring rain is at the beginning of the day.
Song] Lu You. The taste of the world is as thin as a veil for many years, who makes the horseback rider Jinghua.
Xiaolou listened to the spring rain overnight, and sold apricot blossoms in the Ming Dynasty in the deep alleys.
The dwarf paper is oblique and idle, and the fine milk plays tea in the sunny window.
Plain clothes don't sigh in the dust, and you can go home as if you are Qingming.
For the time being, he picked up the pride of killing the enemy and serving the country, covering up the grief and indignation of the hopeless recovery, and in the Jiangnan of the apricot blossoms and spring rain, Lu You was also much calmer. Living in the capital, I have tasted enough of the hot and cold of the world, and the warmth and coldness of the people. Full of loneliness and sorrow, it is fully revealed in "Xiaolou listens to the spring rain overnight". But Lu You didn't seem to be too lazy to complain and accuse, he heard the sound of selling apricot blossoms, even if he was alone in a small building, even if he lived in a deep alley, he also felt the brightness of spring and the beauty of spring in the south of the Yangtze River. There is nothing to do during the day, and the days are leisurely to write and drink tea as a pastime. But what did you come to the capital for? Instead of spending time boring in the capital, it is better to go home early.
The tone of the poem is calm, the diction is flat, but the meaning is subtle and the emotion is deep. The poet's disappointment at the court's policy of favoritism and his grief at the failure to realize his ambition of restoration, which are common in the poet's other poems, are hidden here. But whether you stay awake all night listening to the sound of the rain, or you seem to be leisurely pastime, you can feel the poet's desire to talk. After all, in the boundless spring rain on a rainy night, the thought of bright apricot blossoms blooming will always make the mood a little better.
Reading books has a feeling (one of them).
Song] Zhu Xi. Half an acre of square pond opened, and the sky and clouds and shadows wandered together.
Q: Is that clear? For there is a source of living water.
Half an acre of square pond is like a mirror, and it can be seen that the water in the pond is clear and calm. Although the half-acre pond is small, it can cover the sky and clouds; Although the pond water is calm, there are sky and clouds and shadows in it to "wander together", there is movement in the stillness, and the whole pond is lively. Why is Fangtang so clear? It turned out that it had a constant flow of living water. If it's a pool of stagnant water, it will soon become foul and foul.
Half an acre of square pond "is the square inch of people's land, that is, the heart." "Sky light and cloud shadow" is the universe of all things, which can appear in people's hearts. But how can the human mind grasp all the phenomena in a clear and orderly manner, especially to investigate and deduce the reasoning behind them? This requires reading books and constantly absorbing and borrowing the knowledge, ideas and wisdom of others.
Huang Tingjian once said: If you don't study for three days, you will feel that your words are tasteless and your face is hateful. This is the disadvantage of not reading. And Zhu Xi's poem "Reading Books with Feelings" talks about the benefits of reading, which can make one's heart clear.
Title: Ann Residence. Song] Lin Sheng.
Outside the mountain, when will the West Lake sing and dance?
The warm wind smokes the tourists drunk, and makes Hangzhou Bianzhou.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, Hangzhou has been praised by the poet as "the southeast shape wins, the three Wu capitals", "the city is a jewel, the household is full of Luoqi, and the competition is luxurious", and its wealth and prosperity are unmatched by other cities. The Song dynasty crossed to the south, and Song Gaozong renamed Hangzhou Lin'an, which became the de facto capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. Although the name is called "Lin'an", it actually made up the mind of partial security. From the emperor's noble ministers, down to the wealthy families, or in the city of Hangzhou, or on the edge of the West Lake, they have built palaces and pavilions, and the first mansion. Hangzhou's prosperity is twice as good as before. However, such prosperity is as dangerous as an egg, the fallen territory has not yet been recovered, and the threat of invasion by foreign enemies in the north has never been eliminated. All people are chasing a life of drunken dreams and death, Hangzhou has become a comfortable nest, and West Lake has become a gold cave.
With great anxiety, the poet looked at the green mountains and pavilions on the edge of the West Lake, watched the dignitaries and eunuchs drink and feast day and night, and watched the tourists by the West Lake revel in the beautiful scenery of the lake and mountains in the warm breeze. The poet could not help but ask bitterly: When will you wake up from the drunken life of life and dreams? Do you really think of Hangzhou as Bianzhou?
Straight Hangzhou as Bianzhou" sentence is still meaningful. The first layer means to ask the "tourists" about the split hair, you don't want to recover, and forget that the real capital Bianzhou is still occupied by the Jin people. The deeper meaning is to warn the "tourists": if you only know how to sing and dance and pursue luxury, one day, all the singing and dancing on the building in front of you will be turned into ashes. The poet's warning can be described as bitter and griefful, but unfortunately no one heeded it until the Mongol soldiers came to the city and the Southern Song court was destroyed. The history of the fall of Bianzhou is repeated in Hangzhou.
It's not worth it. Song] Ye Shaoweng.
The tooth marks should be pitied, and the small buckle firewood will not be opened for a long time.
The spring garden can't be closed, and a branch of red apricot comes out of the wall.
I didn't meet friends, but I was written by the poet as gentle and poetic.
In the spring, the poet goes out to visit friends. All the way to the spring sunshine, the warm breeze is intoxicating, gentle and rippling. When I walked to the door of my friend's house, there were skewers on the thin moss, were they left by the owner when he went out? The poet did not think that the master was not there, but took pity on the tender moss. Spring is so beautiful, the owner should have more pity. So the poet knocked softly on the wood door, as if he was afraid of disturbing the quiet spring color. But I knocked for a long time, but no one answered.
Run for nothing, there is always loss. But those who are gentle with the world can always find surprise and beauty. I didn't meet the owner on this trip, but I want to see the spring color of the garden, and those who have "pity" for the moss will definitely be amazed by the spring color of the garden. So they gathered up behind the door, and restlessly stretched out a warm red apricot to greet me. The owner is ruthless, the flowers and plants are intentional, and the vigorous, surging, full and enthusiastic of spring seems to respond to my "pity" for the moss. This trip is "not worthy" for the host, but it is "worthy" for the heart of this garden full of spring, and the poet's surprise arises spontaneously. The elegance and enthusiasm of a red apricot, the bright and vivid combination of red and green, and the endless imagination of less is more, all make the poet full of interest. The psychological changes of loss and surprise bring more joy to the poetry. And isn't this surprise itself due to the poet's tender love for spring?
Covenant. Song] Zhao Shixiu.
In the Huangmei season, it rains at home, and the grass pond is full of frogs.
There is an appointment not to come for the night and a half, and the chess pieces are knocked on the lanterns.
On a date with someone, I didn't wait for a long time, I was idle to play chess, and the strength shook off the lamp, which shows that the wick has been burning for a long time, and the poet is also a little bored and irritable. What's more, in the Huangmei season, it is hot and humid, and it rains not much in every house, and it is ticking, and it is not sunny for days. The frogs chirp noisily, one after another, but they do not give people peace. The poet listened attentively to the knocks and footsteps, but the sound of rain and frogs rushed into his ears. The night deepened, the louder the sound, and the guests did not come. In his anxiety, the poet subconsciously fiddles with the chess pieces, as if to make a little noise to break the silence, but even this sound is so monotonous and boring.
Interestingly, the whole poem reads without irritation. Zhao Shixiu's "Jianghu Poetry School" pursues a poetic style that is empty and elegant, without traces. The poet uses it to depict everyday troubles, so that there is a wonderful distance between life and poetry. When writing poems, the poet examines irritating events with an empty heart, so the thick smoke and fire are given another indifferent meaning. In other words, poetry elegantizes everyday life. The details of life are examined, observed, and expressed as objects. The poet pulls himself out of the daily life and lets the poet himself observe the life of himself, so that there is beauty and interest in the anxiety of waiting, and life is filtered into a poem.