Rural areas have always been the cornerstone and foundation of China's economic developmentAs many as 500 million people account for 36% of our population11%It is inevitable that the rural economy will be backward compared with the urban areas.
The reason for the backwardness of the economy is:It is difficult for the rural areas to have pillar industries that can drive the surrounding areasIt is very difficult for rural areas, which are dominated by agriculture, to achieve an economic leap in a short period of time.
But the problems facing today's rural areas are not only economic backwardnessThere are many problems, five of which are the most obvious and serious.
The statements in this article are all reliable**, which are repeated at the end of the article. However, in order to improve the readability of the article, there may be polishing of the details, please read sensibly, for reference only!
This isMost of the countryside is inevitably and temporarily unchangeableYes, most people must have just left their homes just after the Spring Festival.
During the Chinese New Year, the number of rural people has reached its peak, and most of the rural population has skyrocketed, and even the previously wide roads have been blockedThere are even traffic jams in some villages, which has never been seen outside of the Spring Festival.
But after the Spring Festival, only the elderly and children who need to go to school are left in most rural areasVery few young people are able to stay in the countryside.
In this way, the old people have become lonely and widowed, and the children have become left-behind childrenThis is very detrimental to the physical and mental health of the elderly and children.
The most important thing is that these children will still have to go out to work if there is no accident in the futureAs the young adults who are working abroad today grow older and their skills weaken, they will become part of the rural elderly of the future.
The loss of the young populationThe fundamental reason is the backwardness of the rural economy and the lack of industryMost rural areas have no demand for labor, and young people have no jobs, so they can only choose to go to big cities in order to make money.
This also made a widely circulated sentence appear on the Internet:"It's not a good idea to get a high salary in a big city, but to be able to find a job in your hometown to support your family is a real cow.
Compared with the loss of young and middle-aged people, the problem of rural aging is more severe, and according to statistics, the proportion of elderly people in rural areas far exceeds that in urban areas.
Nowadays rural elderlyThe primary problem is pensionIt is a very common phenomenon that the elderly have nothing to rely on, and as they grow older, there will always be a series of inconveniences in their lives.
There are countless elderly people with inflexible legs and feetIn the city, there are a series of related industries such as community services and nursing homes, but in the countryside there are no these.
If the elderly are really old enough to take care of themselves,The children of migrant workers have to return home to take care of the elderly, and nursing homes are too luxurious for most people, and they are too far away.
And the return of children from the town means that these people have no income while they are at homeSavings can only be used to meet daily life, which is unaffordable for most families.
Then there is the problem of pension, and now the rural pension insurance has been launched for a long timeHowever, some elderly people are unwilling to pay or do not realize the importance of pension insurance.
Even if you pay, it will only be paid for a very small time, and the amount will be very low when you can receive itAt present, the average amount of rural pension is about 188 yuan, which cannot meet the daily needs of the elderly.
However, the problem of aging and the loss of young adults is difficult to improve in a suitable wayIt takes a long time to lay the groundwork and govern.
The ageing of the population also raises another big problem:Medical care is not guaranteedThere is no hospital in the countryside, and if you are usually sick, you can only do it in a small clinic in the village**.
And this kind of small clinic is not available in every village, and some places even have to go to other villages to see a doctorNot to mention the medical technology problems of doctors in small clinics, many small clinics use drugs that are completely out of standard.
There is a high probability that a minor illness will become a major illnessRural areas account for a large proportion of the elderly, and they are in great need of a reliable medical system.
No one can guarantee that their body will not have problems, especially the elderlyWith the decline of body functions and the weakening of resistance, it is inevitable that various problems will occur in the body.
A small clinic for colds and fevers can be cured, but some slightly larger diseases are more difficultIf you want to **, you must go to a county hospital or a higher-standard municipal hospital.
This is an unaffordable expense for most rural households, and there is another problem for the elderly in rural areasReluctance to see a doctor, or reluctance to see a doctor.
Obviously, some diseases are very easy to ** in the early stage, but they forcibly drag the disease more and more seriousObviously, a simple physical examination can detect **, but it can lurk in the old man's body for a long time until it causes a catastrophe.
Reasons for thisThe first is that the elderly are reluctant to see a doctor, and the second is that the elderly do not pay attention to their bodies and the shortage of medical resources.
After all, the physical examination cannot be completed in rural areas, and you can only go to a big hospital, and most of the elderly go for a check-up after they have physical problemsThis is also the reason why the elderly in rural areas often say that "if you don't have a physical examination, you will not be sick, but if you have a physical examination, there will be problems".
In fact, it is not that there is a problem with a physical examination, butUsually do not pay enough attention to the body, and when the disease has passed the incubation period and begins to cause damage to the body, it will naturally cause problems in the examination
In fact, there are many problems with the only clinics in rural areasOverdose is one of themWhen diseases such as the flu are rampant, most patients in the city may need to take medicine and rest to get better.
But in rural clinics, it may be enough to get an injection or an infusionAs everyone knows, behind the immediate effect is the damage to the body's immunity, the most typical of which is:Cephalosporins
This antibiotic drug is generally used in cities for more serious infectious diseasesHowever, some clinics in rural areas are already frequent customers of common fever, which is caused by the imperfection of the medical system.
I don't know if you have noticed this phenomenon: fewer and fewer people choose to farm in rural areasMany people would rather go out to work and live a 996 life than farm at home.
On the one hand, yesIncreasing ageingOn the one hand, many of the farmers who originally farmed the land are no longer suitable for the tiring work of farming as they get olderThe descendants are not willing to live a job facing the loess with their backs to the sky like their fathers
Nowadays, college students in China are becoming more and more common, and most of them are studying for more than ten years and working hard to get into the universityTheir goal is to change their destiny by going to school.
Let them go back to the countryside to farm, compared to most college students, they will not be willing, and their majors are not rightThey basically don't know anything about farming, and even if they choose to farm, they are no different from laymen.
Then there is the low return on farmingIn particular, it is very likely that the food crops will not earn as much as they can work in the city for a month, and there will be fewer and fewer people who farm the land by natural selection.
Education is the root of everything, although the length of compulsory education is the sameHowever, the source of teachers and the quality of teaching are very different, and it can even be said that there is a world of difference.
Big cities, especially first-tier cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and ShenzhenWhen children in rural areas are still learning Mandarin pronunciation, they are already able to communicate with foreigners in English without barriers.
It is understood that only inBeijing in 2020The amount of spending on education has reached a terrifying amount37.2 billion yuan, while most of the expenditure of some ordinary prefecture-level cities is inWithin 2 billion
The gap between cities alone has widened nearly 20 times, and the gap between rural areas and them can be described as worlds apartThis is also the reason why so many people do not hesitate to take out loans to buy houses in the city.
In addition to better development, the most important thing is that children can receive better educational resourcesWhen the gap is too big, it is no longer something that children can catch up with through hard work.
Under the influence of the Matthew effect, the well-resourced places can get more input, while the poor-resourced places cannot get more input if they don't achieve results, which is almost stuck in an endless loop.
This can be understood not only from the perspective of education expenditure, but also from the composition of teachers2016 Teacher Qualificationscomposition.
Most of the primary school teachers in the city are undergraduatesThe proportion of junior college students in rural primary schools has reached more than 50%.The deviation of educational resources is also the most serious reason why a large number of rural people are keen to buy houses in cities.
In this era of "volume" as the theme, no one wants their children to be inferior to others after birth"Win at the starting point".The slogan is by no means just words.
Nowadays, the marriage rate is the top priority of everyone's concern, after all, it is directly linked to the important birth rate, and more people who marry will naturally lead to the birth rate**.
However, the marriage rate in rural areas has been very low, and the most important reason for this is naturally the imbalance between men and womenIn 2021The sex ratio of the rural population has been reached
But on a case-by-case basis, it's far more grim than the data, with a little bit of male-to-female ratio, but there are still many women of the right age who are not marriedRural singles are becoming more and more numerous
In addition to the unequal number of men and women, more important is the issue of bride price, which has been controversial in some regionsHundreds of thousandsThe bride price is enough to hollow out a normal rural family.
Coupled with the other expenses of marriage and the indispensable garage, everyone has been joking"A million of them".Far from enough, the high bride price discourages many male families.
Especially in some families with two or even three boys, no matter how good the family conditions are, marrying a wife is a huge problem, andMost rural girls are reluctant to marry into rural areas
Rural couples have an iron cycle that is largely unchangeable:Most couples are separated for a long time after marriage, and the woman is usually at home to take care of the children.
This situation is the way most rural couples get alongIf both husband and wife go out to work, the children will usually be taken care of by their grandparents.
Then this makes the child a left-behind child, except for some families who have better conditions to buy a house in the cityThis is the current situation of most families, which is why most rural young people are afraid of marriage.
After getting married, the separation of the two places is unacceptable to many people, butThe problem of difficulty in finding employment has also been alwaysNot everyone will be able to find a job of their choice, unless those who are willing to work in a factory.
My country has been talking about before"35 million singles".This statement is not groundless, this statement is because there are 35 million more men than women in China, but there are still many women who do not want to get married.
This has led to an increasing number of singles or living alone, especially in rural areas, except for hard reasons such as the number of peopleThe plight of most unmarried men in rural areas is also economic.
China's rural areas have made great progress in terms of environment and system compared with beforeEven the economy is growing, albeit more slowly than in the towns.
However, the rural problem is already a cliché, and there is still no definite method or policy that can be truly changed, and it is hoped that the above five problems can be solved or alleviated as soon as possible.