Why was Jiao Dafeng questioned after his death? Wronged or not?
2) The first shot of the Wuchang Uprising opened the prelude to the overthrow of the Manchu Dynasty. Well, what about the second shot? This story is not a joke, not a story of "Xiong Bingkun fired three shots in a row", but a real incident in Changsha, Hunan, twelve days later.
Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin, two Hunan revolutionaries, fired the decisive second shot.
On October 22, the New Army uprising in Changsha, Hunan Province, triggered a national response to the Wuchang Uprising like dominoes, and the Qing Dynasty began to collapse and was out of control.
Therefore, the merits of the Changsha Uprising cannot be ignored, and it is not even inferior to the later uprisings in Shanghai and Nanjing. However, on the tenth day after the Changsha Uprising, the two heroes of the uprising, Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin, the chief and deputy governors of the Hunan Army, were unfortunately killed in a mutiny.
Their deaths triggered the incident in which Tan Yanhong, who originally belonged to the constitutionalists, took control of power in Hunan. According to the previous textbooks, they were killed because of the counterattack of the old forces, and the representative of the old forces was Tan Yanhong.
However, it's not that simple. Next, let's take a look at the truth of the murder of Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin, which I believe will reveal the reasons why the revolutionaries often found it difficult to grasp power in the Xinhai Revolution and eventually failed.
First of all, let's understand the background of Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin. They are from Liuyang, Hunan, with an age difference of 16 years, Jiao Dafeng is only 25 years old, and Chen Zuoxin is 41 years old.
Although Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin were a generation apart, they both believed in the revolutionary idea, joined the League together, and threw themselves into the struggle to overthrow the Manchu Dynasty. Jiao Dafeng was mixed into the Hongmen of the Hunan Hui Party when he was young, and his status was quite high; Chen Zuoxin was mixed in the Hunan New Army and served as the platoon commander of the 49th standard.
In 1910, when there was a rice rush in Changsha, Chen Zuoxin tried to take the opportunity to launch an uprising, but was noticed and fired by his superiors.
Although Chen Zuoxin was expelled from the army, he still worked in the army with many like-minded friends. After the failure of the Huanghuagang uprising in Guangzhou, he and Jiao Dafeng began to prepare for an uprising in Changsha.
They actively carried out activities in the Forces nouvelles, and the conditions for an uprising were gradually met. However, after the plans for the uprising were leaked, they decided to revolt ahead of schedule. In the early morning of October 22, the soldiers of the 49th Standard of the New Army marched out of the barracks in a formation and occupied the entire city of Changsha without firing a single shot.
The next question is who will be in charge. Representatives from all walks of life in Changsha held a meeting at the Hunan Consultative Bureau, and Jiao Dafeng recommended himself as the governor and Chen Zuoxin as the deputy governor, but the constitutionalists suggested that Tan Yanmin be elected as the governor.
Tan Yanmin is a native of Chaling, Hunan, a noble family, a 24-year-old middle jinshi, and later set up a school in Hunan, engaged in industry, and implemented new policies, which is highly respected. Therefore, Tan Yanmin was elected as the governor.
The Hunan gentry unanimously agreed that Tan Yanmin was the most suitable candidate to serve as the governor of Hunan, but unfortunately he resolutely resigned, and the soldiers did not approve of it. Under these circumstances, the meeting decided that Jiao Dafeng would serve as the governor of the capital and Chen Zuoxin would serve as the deputy governor.
At the same time, the meeting also established the Senate, and Tan Yanmin was elected as the speaker, successfully forming a new ruling team. However, for the new **, the first task is to send troops to support Wuhan as soon as possible, so Jiao Dafeng decisively ordered the recruitment of troops throughout the province, and this matter cannot be delayed.
Jiao Dafeng, the Hunan Governor's Mansion was sealed, and the Hongmen Hui party members came to vote one after another. In the ten days in Changsha City, hundreds of officials were appointed, and the speed of sealing officials was comparable to that of Hong Xiuquan, the king of heaven. These ** people are dressed strangely and swagger through the market like fake foreign devils.
Not only that, the Hongmen Hui party also occupied Changsha City and engaged in the development of "causes". They set up brothels, casinos, and tobacco houses, divided the territory, and collected protection money, which caused panic among the citizens, and the image of Jiao Dafeng and the Hunan Army ** plummeted.
Jiao Dafeng, a member of the Hunan Provincial Consultative Bureau, made a jaw-dropping decision to appoint a 15-year-old child, Li Mange, as general manager of Hunan Daqing Bank.
Li Mange made significant changes to the Hunan Bank, including changing its name to Dahan Bank and cutting up banknotes with the words Daqing. The move led to a strain on bank funds, triggering a chain reaction that ultimately led to Jiao's death.
At the same time, Mei Xin, the new military manager, took advantage of the "foreign fire ticket" incident of Hefeng Match Company to secretly plan an attack on Chen Zuoxin, the deputy governor, and successfully killed Jiao Dafeng.
Mei Xin then asked Tan Yanmin to serve as the governor, and Tan Yanmin agreed to take office under Tan Renfeng's persuasion. Although there are many historical books that believe that the deaths of Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin were planned by Tan Yanhong, there is no direct evidence to prove this.
Tan Yanmin later successfully quelled the tide, secured the position of governor of Hunan, and became a famous politician in the ** period.
Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin only existed for a short time in the torrent of history. In the evaluation of the two of them, especially Jiao Dafeng, we can see that they contributed to the revolution.
However, they have serious shortcomings in their political quality, especially Jiao Dafeng, once they are in power, they cannot control the situation. If they had been in power in Hunan for longer, it could have caused bigger problems.
Therefore, it is reasonable to depose the two heroes of their uprising. However, solving the problem by killing people is too radical. Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin did not reach the point of being executed, and it would be best if the issue could be resolved through peaceful means.
Unfortunately, the historical context of the time made a peaceful settlement almost impossible.