What does it mean if the door is not out of the door, and the second door is not stepping? When did this rule come about?
So-called"The front door is not out, and the back door is not stepped"In fact, it is related to ancient residential buildings, mainly referring to the fact that women in ancient times could not go out easily, which was a serious constraint on women by feudal etiquette. As for the time when this phenomenon appeared, it is generally believed that after the rise of science in the Southern Song Dynasty, it began to dominate from the Yuan Dynasty and reached its peak in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
You said it"Never go through the front door, never go through the front door"What is the meaning?
The main feature of an Aboriginal house is the courtyard, which is a separate area consisting of the main house (usually the north house), the east house, the west house, and the south house, sometimes the main house is adjacent to the east and west houses, with many balconies on all sides, connecting the houses and providing shelter from the wind and rain.
The general courtyard usually has two yards, these two yards are usually built with a partition wall between the east and west two yards, the outhouse is usually the place where the staff live, the general structure is luxurious between the hanging of the inner and outer gates, the shadow wall is hung in the gate, there is a big event must be opened, the old saying is that the hostess of the big family does not go out of the door and does not step out, all refer to this gate, and the people in the house usually cannot enter from this gate.
To put it simply,"Two doors"The main function is to divide the complex into two parts, the inner house and the outer house, the so-called"The second door is not out", that is, women are not allowed to leave the inner house easily. "Two doors do not go out"It is easier to understand that women are generally not allowed to go out and show their heads.
Of course, the so-called"Don't go through the main door, don't go through the other door", not strictly speaking"Farewell"with"Main entrance"。After all, large families often have three or four entrances and exits in their yards, while poor families don't even have two entrances and exits.
Hence this"Two doors"In fact, it refers to the door of the inner house, that is, women's daily activities are strictly limited to the inner house, that is, they only need to follow the rules and are not allowed to visit other people's houses at will.
When did it become popular"Get out of the house"Finish?
In ancient times, especially before the Southern Song Dynasty, the culture was still relatively open, and there were not many restrictions on women's movements, and not all dynasties had strict restrictions on women. One of the more important points is that from the Qin and Han dynasties to the Sui and Tang dynasties, the phenomenon of women remarrying is not only among the people, but also extremely common in the royal family. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty gave birth to Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty after Wang Wan remarried, there were as many as 27 princesses who remarried or married three times in the Tang Dynasty.
The front door is not walked, and the back door is not stepped"This phenomenon is closely related to the development of physical thought since the Southern Song Dynasty. After the Jingkang disaster, a large number of Han women, including the royal family of the Northern Song Dynasty, were taken captive by the Jin people and suffered a devastating blow, so women's sense of honor became an important part of the development of science in the Southern Song Dynasty.
During the Yuan Dynasty, in order to meet the needs of the rule, the imperial court vigorously promoted the development of mechanics, and the science of science formally established its dominant position in the field of official ideology. With the demise of the Mongols to the Han Chinese, the idea of science began to spread widely, and science began to flourish. developed later, officially advocated"Righteousness of the monarch and the minister"、"Loyalty, filial piety, and righteousness"And even beyond"Huayi's distinction", which became the universal values of the society at that time.
The thought of science was most influential in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The influence of physical thought is also recognized. After the Southern Song Dynasty, society generally attached importance to women"Chastity"Especially during the Ming and Qing dynasties, the imperial court even took measures to encourage women by repairing books and rewarding women"Chastity", which is very bad for women.
Under the influence of rational thinking, women's movements are severely restricted"The door does not go out, and the second door does not step out"Be a code of conduct for women from good families. Closely related to this are restrictions on women's movements"Foot binding"Mores.