Referring to the latest demographic statistics released by the National Bureau of Statistics, which shows that by the end of 2023, the number of elderly people aged 60 and above in China is close to 29.7 billion, accounting for 21 percent of the country's total population1%；The number of elderly people aged 65 and over is nearly 21.7 billion, accounting for 15 percent of the country's total population4%。Compared with the end of 2022, the elderly population aged 60 and above increased by 17 million, accounting for an increase of 13%；The elderly population aged 65 and above increased by 7 million, accounting for an increase of 05%。And, it is very worth mentioning that in 2Among the 9.7 billion elderly people aged 60 and above, the number of elderly people aged 60 and above in rural areas has exceeded 1200 million, accounting for nearly 24% of the total rural population.
From these data, it is not difficult to see that the current situation of China's population aging is further intensifying, and the elderly population aged 60 and above in rural areas often face more serious pension problems due to factors such as low pension level and low level of old-age security services.
The basic status quo of rural pension levelsAs we all know, at this stage, China has two sets of basic pension insurance systems in parallel, and the personnel of enterprises and institutions implement the basic pension insurance for employees; For urban and rural residents, the basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents is implemented. Between the two, due to the difference in factors such as the insured object, the payment method, and the payment amount, there is also a big gap in the treatment level of pension insurance.
Referring to the "2022 Statistical Communiqué on the Development of Human Resources and Social Security" issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security in July 2023, from the relevant data disclosed therein, we can roughly calculate that the monthly per capita basic pension level of retirees from the basic pension insurance for urban employees in 2022 is about 3,605 yuan; The per capita pension level of the actual recipients of the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents will only be 204 yuan in 2022, and the gap between the two is huge, and the former is 17 times that of the latter.
Measures for the calculation and payment of basic old-age insurance benefits for urban and rural residentsDifferent from the calculation and payment method of basic old-age insurance benefits for urban employees, the basic old-age insurance benefits for urban and rural residents are mainly composed of two parts, namely basic pension and personal account pension, and the specific calculation and payment methods are as follows:
Basic pension: the minimum standard of the national basic pension + the basic pension raised by the local ** + the basic pension of the additional years
One point that needs to be emphasized here is that the minimum standard of the national basic pension is comprehensively determined by the state according to factors such as the per capita disposable income and financial status of township residents; The basic pension standard raised by the local ** varies according to the economic development level of the region, and the basic pension standard of the raised part is also different in different provinces and cities and different age groups.
Personal account pension = the cumulative amount of personal pension account storage of insured urban and rural residents at the age of 60 months is calculatedRegarding the personal account pension, it should be pointed out that the amount of personal account storage is composed of individual contributions, collective subsidies, subsidies and investment income, etc., and the more contributions, subsidies, subsidies and investment income, the higher the level of personal account pension.
In 2024, many local human resources and social security will issue a document: improve the basic pension payment standard of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residentsIt is reported that in 2018, the state issued the "Guiding Opinions on the Establishment of the Basic Pension Insurance Treatment of Urban and Rural Residents and the Normal Adjustment Mechanism of the Basic Pension", which clearly stated that the basic pension of urban and rural residents' pension insurance should also coordinate the income growth of urban and rural residents, price changes, basic pension insurance for employees and other social security standards and recommend a normal adjustment mechanism.
No, since 2024, the human resources and social security departments in many regions have issued notices, clarifying that from 2024, the basic pension payment standards for urban and rural residents will be further improved. Specific examples are as follows: Xiamen: From January 1, 2024, the basic pension of urban and rural residents in Xiamen who have been registered for 5 years will be increased by 20 yuan to 370 yuan after adjustment; For urban and rural residents with household registration for less than 5 years in Xiamen, the basic pension will be increased by 10 yuan according to the regulations of Fujian Province, and the adjusted pension will be 160 yuan;
Shanghai: At the end of January, Shanghai revised the Measures for the Basic Pension Insurance for Urban and Rural Residents in Shanghai, which clarified that from May 1, 2024, the elderly who receive the basic pension insurance benefits for urban and rural residents will be given corresponding preferences, and the basic pension will be increased by 10 yuan per month for those who are over 70 years old but not yet 80 years old; For those who have reached the age of 80, the basic pension will be increased by 20 yuan per month. It is understood that in 2023, the basic pension standard of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in Shanghai will be as high as 1,400 yuan.
On February 20, Changsha People's Social Security issued a notice: in 2024, the basic pension of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents will be increased by another 10 yuanFrom January 1, 2024, the basic pension payment standard for urban and rural residents in Changsha will be raised again, with an increase of 10 yuan per person per month. It is reported that after the increase, the basic pension standard of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in Changsha has reached 276 yuan per person per month, which is not low from a national perspective.
In addition, it needs to be emphasized that although other provinces have not announced the increase in the basic pension of local urban and rural residents' basic pension insurance so far, it is certain that based on "the per capita disposable income of residents in the country will increase by 61%, price **02% and the basic pension of retirees in 2023 will rise for 19 consecutive years", and the minimum standard of basic pension for urban and rural residents' basic pension formulated by various provinces and cities in 2024 can be said to be "certain".
In summary, it is not difficult to see that in the context of the intensification of the aging trend of the population and the further increase in the pension pressure faced by the elderly over 60 years old in rural areas, the provinces and cities have raised the basic pension standard of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents based on the current situation, which is undoubtedly a great benefit for the insured residents and the actual recipients! Therefore, from this point of view, the increase in the basic pension standard is expected to benefit more people who actually receive benefits in 2024. Here, we also hope that through the continuous improvement of the basic pension payment standard, we can further narrow the gap between the pension level and urban retirees, so as to make the basic pension insurance system more fair and just, and can really play a role in the pension industry.