September 27, 1955 at 5 p.mMarshal Investiture CeremonyIt was held in Huairen Hall, Zhongnanhai, Beijing, and was awarded the title of ten marshals.
* As the first marshal is undoubted, he is one of the main founders of the People's Liberation Army and the commander-in-chief of the three armed forces, but *** As the second marshal, Lin Shuai is the third has been questioned by many people. BecauseLate to join the party, He only joined the party in April 1928, and the other 9 marshals had already participated in the vigorous Revolution, the Nanchang Uprising, the Guangzhou Uprising, and the Autumn Harvest Uprising, all of which occurred in 1927 after the defeat of the Great Revolution, and at this time he was only a ** regiment commander of the Hunan Army.
Why is it that he is the last to participate in the revolution and the latest to join the party, and he is the second of the top ten marshals?
**Born in 1898 in a rural family in Pengjiaweizi, Xiangtan County, Hunan Province, the family was very poor, and life was very difficult since childhood, so he went to school for two years, and later made a living by doing odd jobs.
In 1916, he joined the ranks of the Hunan army and began his lifelong career as a soldier, that is, during this period of being a soldier in the Hunan army, his thinking was greatly affected, in the army, he saw a lot of suffering people, saw the cruelty of imperialism and warlords, and felt that the country needed to be changed, which laid the foundation for him to join the Communist Party later.
In 1922, he changed his name to *** and his close friend Huang Gongluo and others applied for the Hunan Provincial Army Officers' Lecture Hall, and after graduating from the Hunan Army Officers' Lecture Hall, he returned to the ranks of the Hunan Army, where he made great achievements and finally became the battalion commander. In 1926, during the attack on Nanchang, he met Duan Dechang and accepted the ideas of the Communist Party.
In 1928, he joined the Communist Party of China, and in July of the same year, he led the organization of the Pingjiang Uprising in Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi, and formed the Red 5th Army. The Red 5th Army is an important armed force of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and in October 1928, the Red 5th Army led the Red Army to advance to Jinggangshan and join the division.
From this point of view,Although he joined the party late, he started from a high starting pointFrom the commander of the Red 5th Army, to the later deputy commander-in-chief of the Red Army, the deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, and the deputy commander-in-chief of the People's Liberation Army, this is why he can rank second among marshals
In the early years of the establishment of the Red Army, a great contribution was made to the consolidation and expansion of the Soviet zone. In 1930, when it was necessary to expand the base area, he led his troops into Changsha City, where he fought four battles in three days, and finally successfully captured Changsha City. It was also the only provincial capital captured by the Red Army during the Agrarian Revolutionary War.
In this operation, his strategy made the plan a success, expanding the number of more than 7,000 people, and the team was further expanded. In addition, more than 4,000 firearms were collected here, which greatly increased the armament of the Red Army. In November 1931, the Chinese Soviet Republic was established, and Peng Dehua served as the vice chairman of the Military Commission, and at this time he was only the commander of the Red 4th Army.
During the Long March, he also made great contributions, and at the Zunyi Conference, he resolutely supported the correct proposition of the first party. After that, he personally led the team to cross Chishui north and returned to the division to attack Loushan Pass. For the dangerous terrain of Loushan Pass, ** will personally go to the field to observe the terrain, try their best to plan the combat strategy, and finally achieve victory, they beat the enemy to urgently transfer two divisions of troops to reinforce the Zunyi defenders. This was the first big victory of the Red Army after the Long March.
After the Red Army joined forces with the Red Fourth Front Army, it resolutely supported the policy of going north and opposed Zhang Guotao's behavior. In October 1935, after the Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi, the Kuomintang army pursued closely, and in Wuqi Town, the Kuomintang army was defeated. "At the Northwest Revolutionary Military Council, which was established in November, ** was the chairman, and ** and *** were the vice-chairmen.
During the Anti-Japanese War, he became the deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, and the Battle of the Hundred Regiments under his command was the largest and longest campaign launched by the Eighth Route Army in North China, which was a glorious battle in the history of China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. During the War of Liberation, ** in the northwest with a weak force and the heavy troops of the Kuomintang, but also to defend ** and the Military Commission. In the end, he liberated northern Shaanxi and the great northwest, and made great achievements.
From the Long March to the founding of the People's Republic of China, ** has always stood on the front line of the war. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was necessary to resist US aggression and aid Korea, and at that time, it was quite difficult to consider the commander of the volunteer army.
At this time, *** took the initiative to ask for help, and was willing to lead troops into North Korea to fight against US imperialism. In the end, the war was won, defeating the United States, the strongest country in the world at that time, which improved our country's position in the international arena and thus made its position in the military more stable. The victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea can be said to be his highlight moment.
After returning to China, he served as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defense and Deputy Chairman of the National Defense Council. He has made a lot of contributions to military training and the military system, and continues to shine for New China.
In addition to being brave and good at fighting, he was upright and resolute, and "serving the people and caring for the people's welfare" was his motto that he practiced all his life
He felt that Communist Party members should be like the broom that every family needs, so that the people feel that they are close, sincere and practical, and not like mud bodhisattvas, they need to be worshiped by the people.
Maybe it's because Peng Dehua was also born in a poor family, and he can always stand with the people and empathize with the people.
He also cherished his soldiers, and the night before the Long March, he pointed to Li De, who was blindly commanding, and said excitedly: "It doesn't hurt to sell the baby's heart." Due to Li De's operational miscommand, all the Red Army of the first battalion were sacrificed, and after Peng Dehua reminded him, he still insisted on his plan and almost buried the Red Army.
The 1st and 3rd Army Corps, so that more Red Army soldiers died in this battle.
**Love the soldiers when you fight, and love the people when you don't fight. In his life, the most he did was to listen to the people's suffering, help the people solve their difficulties, and wherever he went, he would chat with the local people whenever he had the opportunity.
At the Lushan Conference in 1959, he spoke out and then left his job and moved to Jiaotun in the western suburbs of BeijingWu Family GardenLife, lived here for six years. During the six years he lived in this village, he was very careful and did a lot of good deeds and made a lot of contributions to this village.
As soon as he came to this small village, he began to inquire about the basic situation of the village and whether the basic livelihood of the villagers was guaranteed. The villagers can only eat the surface water accumulated in the small earthen wells, which is very unclean and not good for their health.
** did not stand tall because of his special status, but mingled with the villagers. He asked the villagers to come to the well in Wujia Garden to get water to drink, but then the guards did not let the residents enter for safety reasons, so they dug a hole in the corner of the wall to lead the water out, which solved the problem of the villagers' draft difficulty.
During an after-dinner walk, he saw children reading and writing under dim oil lamps, and when he got home, he began to worry about the lighting of the whole village. He lay on the bed after washing up, thinking that children studying in dim light are very bad for their eyes, it may lead to myopia, and this village must be more than the children of this family need to learn in this environment.
The next day, Peng Dehua took action, first pulling wires for the children's homes that studied in the dim light yesterday, so that they could read and write under the bright lights, and also let their families use electricity from now on, making their lives more convenient.
At the same time, he asked the village party secretary about the electricity consumption of the whole village, and learned that there were still 14 poorer families living without electricity, and later he decided to buy wires and poles for these 14 families out of his own pocket, and personally watched the construction workers install wires for them, and finally the whole village used electricity.
When the title was conferred in 1955, he ranked second among the top ten marshals and third among the top ten. From the period of the Red Army to the Lushan Conference after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the position of ** has always been **. In the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, ** was the deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, ** was accidentally injured after the victory at Pingxingguan and left the front-line command post.
In the early days of the Liberation War, he led 100,000 troops out of the customs, and when he entered the customs in 1949, he had led a million troops, and then led the four fields to liberate a large area of land, from the white mountains and black waters to the ends of the earth, across most of China, and won 2 of the three major battles. At the same time, the Northwest Field Army led in the northwest was the worst part of the PLA, the northwest was barren and could not raise a large number of troops, so it could only use 20,000 and Hu Zongnan's 200,000 troops to maneuver around northern Shaanxi.
At the same time, the Northwest Field Army also had to take on the responsibility of defending the Northwest and the Military Commission, but even so, the Northwest Field Army still defeated the strong with the weak, fought many tough battles, and liberated the entire northwest. In terms of the liberated land area alone, the largest field is the largest. In the War of Liberation, although the best record was good, but the entire war careerBoth seniority and military exploits are higher than **
* joined the party in 1925, earlier than *** joined the party, but after that, his status in the army has been inferior to *** leading the Pingjiang Uprising, and when the Red 5th Army was formed, ** was only a battalion commander.
* and *** is different from ***, he began to study since he was a child, and later entered the Whampoa Military Academy and received formal military training, where he learned a lot of military knowledge and also had a certain military quality.
In less than a year, he studied nine military disciplines, including tactics, topography, and weapons, and also carried out three drill subjects, including tactical implementation and detailed plans. In addition to this, he also learned a lot about political history.
The difference between the military learning style and their own experience also makes their combat style very different, dare to fight the battle that others dare not fight, and command the operation more bravely and fearlessly.
To resist US aggression and aid Korea, how big the gap between China and the United States is, and how hard our volunteers fought, many people know, but this is the case, ** led the volunteers to defeat the US troops armed to the teeth, drove them to the south of the 38th parallel, and forced the US troops to sign the armistice agreement, and achieved a great victory to resist US aggression and aid Korea.
**I also once commented*** said: "The mountains are high and the roads are far away and the pits are deep, the army is galloping vertically and horizontally, who dares to cross the sword immediately, only I am General Peng." ”
* Concerned only about the war, he was more cautious in fighting, probably because of the influence of his studies in the military school system, his combat philosophy was to accurately grasp the calculation of the strength of a battalion or even a company. And to leave room for himself, he only fights with certainty.
During the Liaoshen Campaign of the Liberation War, **let** lead troops to attack the critical position of Jinzhou, but ** felt that he was not completely sure of this battle, so he delayed it. ** Also angry at what he did.
** For the operational command is also careful and comprehensive, he will prepare the logistics of the operation in advance, the soldiers and horses have not moved the grain and grass first, and the consideration of the problem is more comprehensive than **.
Of course, the credit of ** is also very great, and the victory of Pingxingguan is a good proof, under his leadership, the Eighth Route Army ushered in the victory of the first battle since the division. He was also known as a famous anti-Japanese general, and in the War of Liberation, he led 4 fields to fight from the white mountains and black waters to the ends of the earth, and made great achievements.
In short, ** and ** have made indelible contributions to the creation and development of the motherland, it is they who fought bravely in the war years, defeated the enemy to create the current peaceful life for us, no matter who is in front of or behind the marshal ranking, they are people worthy of our respect. If you have to arrange it in an order, there is a priority, then the second is well deserved, and Lin Shuai's third is also appropriate.