Some time ago, there were coups in many African countries, which brought renewed attention to the chaos in Africa.
Speaking of which, in the impression of the vast majority of people, when it comes to Africa,Poverty, chaos, backwardnessIt's almost a stereotype.
And what to say about these impressions, in fact, they are not bad, becauseThe vast majority of African countries have been in a mess until now
But that doesn't mean that Africa doesn't have good role models, for exampleRwanda, a country that came to earth from a bloody hell, and the reason why this small country can succeed is that there is a good leader calledKagame
So, what did Kagame do?
On the eve of World War I, the European and American powers had already relied on their powerful military and scientific and technological strength to colonize the world, and Africa could not escape their clutches and was colonized by Britain, France, Germany and many other European countries.
And now Rwanda,The colonial rulers before World War I were Germans
Objectively speaking, the German colonizers, although not very good people, were in Rwanda under German ruleOn the whole, it is relatively peaceful.
However, after World War I, with the defeat of Germany, all of Germany's overseas colonies were divided up, and the country that was assigned to Rwanda was Belgium.
When it comes to Belgium in Africa, it seems that most people have no impression, even opening our secondary school textbooksBelgium is also a country that has little presence in the colonial frenzy.
But if you know in detail about the Belgian colonization, then you can't help but sigh:It's so dark!
Why? Only during the colonial rule of the Congo by King Leo II of Belgium,At least 30 million black people died!
In terms of inhumanity, Belgium should be compared to the world's-stirring sticks that lack great virtues - the British colonizers and Nazi Germany in World War II.
So, what did Belgium do to Rwanda?
Since Belgium itself was too small to govern so many blacks and African colonies, they borrowed heavily from the BritishDifferentiation and disintegration, establishment and promotion of race
There is no ethnic distinction between the blacks who originally lived in Rwanda, but the concept of nationality can also be transmitted.
After some research in Belgium, it was discovered that the locals used cattle as a symbol of wealthIt was stipulated that those who had more than 10 cows in their homes were relatively high Tutsis, and the rest were branded as so-called inferior Hutus
The rest is easy. Belgium has given various preferential treatment to Tutsis, such as that only Tutsi blacks can go to school to enter the top level, and enjoy a series of privileges in employment, soldiering, business and many other fields.
As for the Hutus? That's really a second-class citizen.
At the instigation of the Belgians, the Rwandans, who were originally a family, were forced to become a collective of exploitation and exploitation, and gradually internal rifts arose.
Next,The Belgians would only have to co-opt the Tutsis to gain control of the regionto seek more colonial benefits with minimal resources.
Later, after the end of World War II, with the collapse of the traditional colonial system, Belgium had no choice but to give up these African colonies, but the Belgians carried out a so-called democratic reform before leavingChanged the Rwandan system of governance to a democracy.
This is quite a ruthless move, because during the previous colonial rule, the Tutsi people, who only accounted for about 10% of the country's population, had firmly grasped the vast majority of social wealth and power.
But if the so-called democracy is used instead, thenThe Hutu people, who occupy the nine ** mouths, will inevitably usher in a great elevation of status
What happens next? Needless to say, right?
It is difficult for the Tutsis, who have become accustomed to superiority, to calmly cede the benefits they have already received, and the foolish people, who have been oppressed for too long, are also easily blinded by hatred and wield a butcher's knife against their once so-called compatriots.
The most important thing is that even if there are people who understand in the country, he can't withstand the toss of Belgian and other colonizers.
After withdrawing from Africa, Belgium has not been less than a means of assassination to disturb the situation in Africa.
Finally, the time came on April 6, 1994, on this day, Rwanda**, who was flying back to the capital, was hit with a rocket and died on the spot!
Since the ** is a Hutu, the Hutu believe that this must be a despicable method used by the Tutsi who are unwilling to fail, so the anger of years of oppression, coupled with the leaderless group of dragons after the death, the resultThe famous Rwanda ** incident broke out!
800,000 to 1,000,000 people suffered!
Not only has the economy of the entire country been completely destroyed, but hatred has become the mainstream of this already backward country.
It seems that there is no hope for the country.
But is that really the case?
Speaking of which, Kagame also belongs to the upper class in Rwanda, but his childhood is actually more tragic.
He was born in 1957 in Gitarama Province, Rwanda, and his family background is quite prominentHis ethnic division also belongs to the Tutsi.
But having this background at this point in time is not a good thing, because after the overthrow of the Rwandan monarchy in 1959, Kagame had to flee to Uganda with his family for refuge.
During his time in Uganda, Kagame not only studied hard, but also avidly learned about military affairs, and later joined Uganda's National Resistance Army.
Because of his outstanding performance in the war, in 1988 he became the leader of Uganda's military and security services, and he can be regarded as the top executive with real power.
Although he has been in a high position without daring, Kagame has always been nostalgic for his homeland.
In 1990, Kagame returned to Rwanda and served as a military leader of the Patriotic Front (RPF) before becoming a top Rwandan military leader.
And after the death in April 1994 plunged the whole country into the horror of a vendetta, Kagame also led the fighters of the Patriotic Front to do everything possible to quell the civil strife, and finally in July of that year, with the help of the United Nations, he barely stopped this tragic **.
After that,Kagame, relying on his merits and prestige, became the deputy ** and defense minister
Although Kagame did not do his best to ease the situation in the country during his tenure, the long-term national oppression, coupled with the great ** that almost turned the people of the whole country into a blood feud, made all Kagame could do was barely let the domestic chaos go.
The time came in 2000, because the original ** was really unable to maintain the situation in Mongolia, so he had to resign and make Kagame a temporary **, then,And how can Kagame save the country?
In 1995, Kagame decided after actually taking control of the regimeVisit China
After so many years of tossing, Kagame deeply understands that the West is unreliable, and he wants to take the country out of the abyssIt is necessary to find a big country that can be truly relied upon, for example, China.
At this time, China's reform and opening up had already seen the results, and Kagame, after learning about the establishment and development of New China, was also full of praise, believing that he had found a panacea to save the country.
Especially"** Anthology"., which made him like a treasure.
So how did he do it?
First of allConfront history, he did not deliberately forget the amazing big **, but set the day of the ** as a national memorial day.
He painfully analyzed that the root cause of this great ** was because of inequality, because the Western colonizers forcibly divided the Rwandans, who were originally a family, into two opposing classes.
And repeatedly calling for endless hatred among the people of the whole country will only plunge us and our children and grandchildren into the abyss, what we need to do now is not to continue to hurt each other endlessly, butTogether, our children and grandchildren will no longer suffer the bad fortunes of the past
Politically,He emphasized tolerance, equality and understanding, to oppose the so-called ethnic divisions, and to allow the national consciousness of each Rwandan, as much as possible, to overshadow the narrow democratic consciousness.
Economically, he has vigorously strengthened economic cooperation with China.
Through the continuous introduction of various technical and financial assistance from China, we will vigorously develop the country's agriculture and pay attention to the development of industry.
Only by letting everyone see the hope of development and the hope of changing poverty can the people of the whole country forget their hatred and move towards a bright future.
In terms of culture and education, he tried his best to popularize education in this poor and backward country, and taught children a correct view of history, hoping that through education, children could turn their hatred into a driving force for development, instead of letting the country fall into the scourge of hatred.
And just like that, after years of hard work by Kagame,Rwanda, a poor country once marked by bloody violence, has finally ushered in a new lease of life.
In 2022, even due to the pandemic,Rwanda's per capita GDP still exceeds $1,000, and the literacy rate exceeds 73%.Although these data are not dazzling for China, they are extremely rare in Africa.
Here, I also wish that this small African country can continue its own development, and also help other countries that are still in turmoil to find their own development path and get out of the abyss.