Zhu Mingzhang, who was born as a farmer, has a strong attachment to his homeland.
After he established the Ming Dynasty, he temporarily set the capital in Nanjing, and then proposed that he would set up the capital of the Ming Dynasty in his hometown Fengyang.
As soon as these words came out, the ministers were shocked.
The ministers led by Liu Bowen advised Zhu Yuanzhang one after another: Fengyang lacks resources, has inconvenient transportation, and has no danger to defend, so it is really not suitable as the capital of the empire.
Zhu Yuanzhang's "tongue battle group of Confucianism" listed many reasons why Fengyang was suitable as the capital.
But the ministers all know that the real reason is that the holy mind misses the emperor's hometown and wants to live in Fengyang for a long time.
Zhu Yuanzhang said that he would do it, and officially issued an edict in the second year of Hongwu to build the central capital in Fengyang and build a palace where the Son of Heaven lived.
Six years later, the palace was basically completed. Zhu Yuanzhang happily returned to his hometown and personally accepted it.
At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang made another decision that shocked the ministers: to give up Fengyang as the capital of the Ming Dynasty.
Why is that?
This starts with how Zhu Yuanzhang built the Fengyang Palace.
Zhu Yuanzhang's planning of Fengyang Palace is extremely luxurious. He wanted to make Fengyang the residence of the Ming Dynasty emperor for a long time.
To this end, he spared no effort in civil and financial resources, mobilized hundreds of thousands of migrant workers and craftsmen, and built this palace day and night.
Archaeologists have found that the quality of the materials and construction of this palace far exceeds that of Yuan Dadu.
Later, Zhu Di built Zijian City, which referred to the layout of Fengyang Palace, but the area was far inferior to Fengyang Palace. Beijing's Forbidden City covers an area of 720,000 square meters, while Fengyang Palace has 840,000 square meters.
It can be said that the Forbidden City is a miniature version of the Fengyang Imperial City.
In order to solve the problem of lack of resources and inconvenient transportation in Fengyang, Zhu Yuanzhang also built water conservancy, opened up post roads, and forcibly ordered people from other places to move to Fengyang many times.
At that time, the world had not yet been unified, and Zhu Yuanzhang was still on the Northern Expedition, but he was still persistently carrying out such a huge project. The deadline was tight, and the craftsmen worked day and night, miserable.
This also laid the groundwork for Zhu Yuanzhang to finally give up Fengyang.
In the eighth year of Hongwu, the palace was almost completed. Zhu Yuanzhang came to Fengyang in person to worship heaven and earth, and it can be said that the relocation has come to the last moment.
However, after Zhu Yuanzhang returned to Nanjing from Fengyang, he ordered to "boycott the capital of China", and stopped all preparations for moving the capital, and no longer considered Fengyang.
Since then, Zhu Yuanzhang has never returned to his hometown Fengyang for the rest of his 23 years of life.
In this regard, the explanation given by Taizu Shilu is:At the beginning of the edict, the capital was abolished, and the two capitals were built like the system of the Zhou and Han dynasties, so they stopped with labor.
It means that Zhu Yuanzhang felt that building the Fengyang Palace was too laborious and costly, so he did not continue.
However, the Fengyang Palace has been built for 6 years, and hundreds of thousands of migrant workers and craftsmen have been invested, and they have all been built. At this time, it is obviously not convincing to say that labor costs people and money.
This is obviously not the real reason why Zhu Yuanzhang gave up Fengyang.
So why did Zhu Yuanzhang give up Fengyang?
In "The Biography of Xue Xiang in the History of the Ming Dynasty", we can find the direct cause.
According to the record of "History of the Ming Dynasty: The Biography of Xue Xiang", after Zhu Yuanzhang came to Fengyang, he sat in the palace, but faintly heard the sound of someone fighting with weapons.
When Zhu Yuanzhang asked, he learned that the migrant workers and craftsmen who built the palace usually worked too hard, and the wages were not paid.
In their resentment, they buried "town objects" in the palace, that is, some charms, clay figures, wooden figures and the like, to curse the occupants of the palace.
This is what we often hear about the art of aversion to victory.
Zhu Yuanzhang was furious and wanted to kill all the craftsmen who built the palace.
Xue Xiang, the secretary of the Ministry of Industry, risked his life and told Zhu Yuanzhang that killing too many people would not be conducive to his descendants, so he screened out blacksmiths, stonemasons and some craftsmen who were not on the construction site and saved more than 1,000 people.
After the killing, Zhu Yuanzhang was still not calm in his heart. These disgusting things are buried in all corners of the palace, which is really difficult to clean up, which has brought a huge psychological shadow to Zhu Yuanzhang.
In the end, Zhu Yuanzhang gave up taking Fengyang as the capital.
"Disgusted with the victory incident" is the direct reason why Zhu Yuanzhang gave up Fengyang.
But I think there is another important reason that Zhu Yuanzhang, who has been the emperor for 8 years, has become more and more broad-minded, and his way of thinking is becoming more and more responsible for the world. He finally realized that although Fengyang was his favorite hometown, it was really not suitable to be the capital of the empire.
The event of disgust with victory is just the last straw that breaks the camel's back.
First, Fengyang's geographical location is congenitally insufficient.
In Zhu Yuanzhang's own words, although he temporarily settled in Nanjing, he still felt Nanjing."It is quite far to go to the Central Plains, and it is difficult to control
It means that Nanjing is too far away from the Central Plains, and it must be the capital in Nanjing, and it is difficult to control the vast territory of the Ming Dynasty in the north.
Another fatal point of Nanjing is that there is no danger to defend.
Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang was particularly dissatisfied with Nanjing.
However, these problems exist in Nanjing, and Fengyang also exists. Fengyang is quite close to Nanjing, and it is also far away from the Central Plains.
Fengyang is also unsafe.
And Fengyang does not have the superior conditions of Nanjing's convenient transportation, extending in all directions, and being rich and prosperous.
No matter how you look at it, it is not suitable as the capital of the empire.
Second, Zhu Yuanzhang didn't want Huaixi Xungui to swell.
In Zhu Yuanzhang's team of founding heroes, Huaixi Xungui is a very special existence.
Zhu Yuanzhang is also from Huaixi, and they are equivalent to Zhu Yuanzhang's fellow countrymen.
Their representatives include Chang Yuchun, Xu Da, Li Shanchang, Deng Yu, Li Wenzhong and other famous generals and strategists.
After Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, he was a great hero. He was the first to be crowned with six dukes, twenty-eight marquis and two uncles, of which the six dukes were all from Huaixi. Most of the twenty-eight marquis are Huaixi people.
Their power is entrenched in the court.
And as the world gradually stabilized, the Huaixi nobles also relied on their own merits and became domineering, and more and more illegal things were played in front of Zhu Yuanzhang.
They are also the people who most hope that Zhu Yuanzhang will move the capital to Fengyang. Because in this way, they are equivalent to returning to their own territory, and they can use their clan power to exert greater influence and obtain more benefits in a familiar environment.
And this is what Zhu Yuanzhang does not want to see.
Zhu Yuanzhang, who has already begun to suppress the upstarts in Huaixi, naturally does not want to see their power further expand after he moves the capital to Fengyang.
Although Zhu Yuanzhang gave up taking Fengyang as the capital, he never returned to his hometown. But his attachment to his hometown has not changed in the slightest.
Although Fengyang can no longer become the capital of the Ming Dynasty, it is still the "central capital" of the Ming Dynasty.
He did not stop the construction of Fengyang.
Before Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he returned to his hometown after many years, and he told his subordinates about what he had seen and heard in his hometown:The fields are barren, and since the rise of the war, the people have died, or they have been displaced to other counties, and they are not allowed to return to their villages.
After years of war and famine in Fengyang, the locals died and fled. When Zhu Yuanzhang returned home, he found that there were only more than 20 families left in his hometown.
He set up all these more than 20 villagers as mausoleum households, so that they could protect the imperial mausoleum built by Zhu Yuanzhang for his parents, which also means that their descendants will enjoy the supply of the Ming Dynasty for generations.
He also gave 20 to each family 20 30 acres of land.
In the Ming Dynasty, one hectare of land was 100 acres. These people became wealthy landlords.
Then, Zhu Yuanzhang began to change the style of his hometown.
First, large-scale immigration to Fengyang.
Since there were few locals left in Fengyang, Zhu Yuanzhang forcibly ordered people from other places to move to Fengyang.
According to the records of the Ming Dynasty, at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, in addition to more than 20 households in Zhu Yuanzhang's hometown, there were only 3,324 households in Fengyang County, with a total of 16,620 people.
The population of the entire Fengyang Province is less than 130,000.
Such a small number of people obviously cannot support the construction and prosperity of a central capital.
In order to increase the population of Fengyang, Zhu Yuanzhang organized people from other places to move to Fengyang six times.
The largest of them occurred in the seventh year of Hongwu, "140,000 people in the south of the Yangtze River".
The year before, Zhu Yuanzhang moved from Shanxi to 8,238 households, with a total of 39,349 people.
Historians have different accounts of how many people Zhu Yuanzhang migrated to Fengyang, and it is generally believed that the total number is between 20 and 300,000.
In addition, according to the records of the Ming History and Military Chronicles, the army stationed in Fengyang Mansion during the Hongwu period totaled 64,960 people, plus their families, there were as many as 188,000 people.
In this way, Zhu Yuanzhang forcibly turned the desolate Fengyang into a large-scale prefecture through tough means.
Second, strengthen infrastructure.
People have migrated, which means that Fengyang's labor force is sufficient.
In addition to building the palace, Zhu Yuanzhang also ordered to start building water conservancy and post roads in Fengyang Mansion.
According to the records of Fengyang County, Zhu Yuanzhang attached great importance to the water conservancy construction in Fengyang, and specially sent two marquises, Kang Duo and Yu Chunyuan, to take charge of this work.
If you want to get rich, you must first build roads, this is an eternal truth. To this end, Zhu Yuanzhang opened up a post road from Fengyang to Nanjing, and set up 20 post stations along the way, which greatly improved the traffic situation in Fengyang.
At the same time, Zhu Yuanzhang also encouraged the founding nobles of the Ming Dynasty to return to Fengyang for retirement.
In the 18th year of Hongwu alone, Zhu Yuanzhang gave each prince 10,000 ingots and 500 taels of silver, "to return to the township to build the first house", and let them return to their hometown to build a house.
Such a large number of princes poured into Fengyang, and they built mansions one after another. The degree of pull on Fengyang's infrastructure can be imagined.
All of a sudden, Fengyang became".In hundreds of miles, the princely house, the first and the first look at each other, the crown is like a cloud", bustling.
Third, let the prince stay in Fengyang.
When Zhu Yuanzhang first became the king of Wu, he asked the 13-year-old son Zhu Biao to return to Fengyang to sweep the tomb, and asked him to observe how the people lived along the way, so that he could become a good emperor in the future.
In the eighth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang asked the crown prince Zhu Biao to take several younger brothers such as King Qin and King Jin to Fengyang to perform martial arts.
In the ninth year of Hongwu, before the King of Qin, the King of Jin, and the King of Yan took up the domain, Zhu Yuanzhang asked the crown prince Zhu Biao to take them to Fengyang, "the place where the ancestors are the foundation, so that they can know the prosperity of the king's industry", and then let them train in Fengyang.
Since then, Zhu Yuanzhang's sons have basically been stationed in Fengyang for a period of time before going to the fiefdom to become a feudal domain, performing military parades, at least two or three years, and at most six or seven years.
The arrival of many princes has brought Fengyang's living conditions and prosperity to a higher level.
With Zhu Yuanzhang's efforts, Fengyang soon turned from a desolate and poor place to a rich place.
The Ming Dynasty set up a total of 159 prefectures, according to the amount of grain to divide the level of these prefectures, the annual grain of more than 200,000 stone for the upper house, 100,000 200,000 stone for the middle house, 100,000 stone for the lower house.
Fengyang Mansion still became the upper mansion under the condition that Zhu Yuanzhang reduced a lot of taxes and forced labor. The prosperity and wealth of Fengyang can be seen.
Historical records record Fengyang in the early Ming Dynasty:The inhabitants are dense, and the merchants gather.
However, the scenery of Fengyang is only temporary.
By the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Fengyang was overpopulated, and the surrounding fields and forests were over-cultivated, and the ecology was seriously damaged.
Gradually, Fengyang became".Nine famines in ten years, rain if there is no droughtFor more than ten years, there have been no disasters and no disasters
People fled Fengyang again.
It can be seen that Fengyang is indeed not suitable for the capital of the Ming Dynasty, and Zhu Yuanzhang's original decision was correct.
Fengyang can't even afford to support an ordinary Shangfu, let alone the capital of an empire.
Don't you think?
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