Literature and Knowledge Bureau.
Many people have seen a sentence in the history books, "Those who commit strong Han will be punished even if they are far away", which means that those who invade the powerful Han Dynasty will not escape the fate of being killed no matter how far they go.
Since the establishment of the Han Dynasty, the term "Han people" has continued for more than 2,000 years, and there has been no interruption in between.
Even with the change of dynasties, the title of "Han Chinese" did not change, you must know that the king was very concerned about his name during his reign, but he tolerated not changing this title again.
Even during the period of Qin Shi Huang's expansion of territory or the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, what does this title mean?
Han Chinese".
The original origin of the Han people came from the establishment of the Han Dynasty, and there were indeed some other names before that.
For example, the Chu people and the Qi people, in the earliest period, the ancient people did not have a specific concept of the nation, and they generally called what the country name is today.
However, the name of the Han people is far more than the history of the Han Dynasty and the time of rule, after the establishment of the Han Dynasty, the degree of strength made the Xiongnu afraid, and at that time it also truly interpreted the invasion of the Han Dynasty, only the fate of waiting for death.
After Liu Bang established the Western Han Dynasty, he became the native Han emperor, leading the army to repeatedly inflict heavy losses on the Xiongnu, so that the Xiongnu did not dare to invade the Central Plains again.
This also made the prestige of the "Han people" and "Han army" far away from the border fortress, and many other small countries admired it.
During the Han Dynasty, most of the people who lived there were local residents, so the title "Han people" has continued.
The Han Dynasty ruled for more than 400 years, during this period of time, the treasury was abundant, the national strength was strong, foreign enemies were afraid to attack, and the surrounding countries were used to call Han people, and the reason why after the end of the Han Dynasty's rule, the title of "Han people" continued, the main reason is because of the prosperity of the country.
After the end of the Han Dynasty, the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties entered the period, when the country's territory was more seriously divided, large and small wars did not stop, and the national situation was turbulent.
At that time, the local population began to miss the peace and tranquility of the Han Dynasty, and they continued to call themselves "Han people".
Such a move is nostalgic for the Han Dynasty on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is also nostalgic for the prosperity and stability that he enjoyed as a Han Chinese.
The sense of belonging brought to the people during the Han Dynasty was incomparable to other dynasties, and the Han army was also very united at that time, and people had an ignorant sense of national unity, which was also the reason why the title of "Han people" could be inherited.
In addition, it is also because after the destruction of the Qin State, Xiang Yu took Hanzhong as the boundary and divided the Hanzhong and Bashu regions to Liu Bang, and Liu Bang was directly named the King of Han, and the territory became the Han State with the name of the country.
After Liu Bang unified the dynasty, the country became a dynasty and was taken as the Han Dynasty, so the origin of the "Han people" is also related to the geographical division factor.
The different races that existed in the dynasties.
The profound influence of the Han Chinese continues to this day, and the Han Chinese are now one of the largest among the 56 ethnic groups and the most populous.
It can be seen that the influence of the Han Dynasty on the country is very long, in addition to the Qing Dynasty, the closest dynasty to us, also belongs to the nation valued by that dynasty.
As a relatively powerful ethnic group valued by the imperial family during the Qing Dynasty, the Manchus also had some limitations in their importance.
After the Han nationality became a large ethnic group, it has always maintained that there are many Han people in various territories of our country, while the Manchus are generally relatively close to the royal family, so they are limited by geography.
But even so, during the Qing Dynasty, there were strict requirements for the differentiation of the Manchus, and the Eight Banners of the Qing Dynasty was the beginning of the differentiation of the Manchus.
Before the Qing army entered the customs, there was no distinction between high and low in the Eight Banners, only the Yellow Banner Manchuria belonged to the emperor himself, and later the Qing Dynasty slowly re-divided the Eight Banners in order to realize the consolidation of imperial power and differentiate the high and low.
Among them, the yellow flag, the yellow flag, and the white flag are the three flags directly controlled by the emperor, and the queen also has to choose from the three flags, and the white flag, the blue flag, the blue flag, the red flag, and the red flag are uniformly called the five flags, of which the blue flag is mostly the Han army.
In addition, in the original Xia, Shang and Zhou periods, it was prevalent to say that it was "Huaxia people" or simply "Xia people", "Chinese people", etc., and they were generally differentiated according to the country name at that time.
Before the Qin Dynasty, the title of "Huaxia nationality" also lasted for a long time, until now the people of our country, regardless of nationality, will also be called the sons and daughters of China.
In the pre-Qin period, there were also some names that began with the name of the country, such as the people of Qin and Chu, but this kind of name is not continuous, but more like a title for the people of a certain region.
It's like calling people from different regions as Chongqing, Cantonese, Yunnan, and so on, and it doesn't rise to the level of dynastic like "Han Chinese."
So in the final analysis, no matter what kind of title has appeared in history, it cannot replace the title "Han people", because there are few dynasties in history that can compare with the Han Dynasty.
The origin and inheritance of the title "Han people" is also the result of the support of strong national strength.
The traditional customs and culture of the Han people in ancient times.
In ancient times, although they were all called "Han people", the way of celebrating some festivals in different dynasties will be a little different, mainly according to the preferences of the court of the dynasty and the development of the dynasty.
Just like the Spring Festival, in the Han Dynasty, the Spring Festival was generally to change the peach charm and stick the door god, but in the Tang Dynasty, there were dancing and puppet plays, wooden poles praying for blessings, drinking Tusu wine only available during the Spring Festival, and women would also draw plum blossom makeup for the exclusive Spring Festival.
In the Song Dynasty, the god of sticking to the door was slowly replaced and became a couplet, and the activity of purchasing New Year's goods was also added, and there would be some performances of drumming to ward off the epidemic.
The celebration method of the Yuan Dynasty was different from that of various dynasties, others were prosperous, but the Yuan Dynasty made a wish with sheep intestines, and only gave white gifts when giving gifts, and dressed in white.
In the Ming Dynasty, it became popular to whip the spring ox, and the business card will be sent during the New Year, etc., and the Qing Dynasty will resign from the stove prince, step on the "Chong" and step on the sesame straw, which means "crisp and crisp" to live the new year.
In the court, on this day, the queen will also order the concubines of each palace to decorate the dormitory, and in the evening, she will get together with the emperor, the queen mother, and the queen to have a reunion dinner.
However, after dinner on major festivals, the emperor can only go to the queen's bedroom to rest, which is also to reflect the difference between the queen is the main wife and other concubines.
In addition to the Spring Festival we are familiar with, there are many festivals that have been continued from ancient times, but some have been forgotten by us, including the Shangsi Festival, many people may not know what this festival is for, the earliest origin of the Shangsi Festival can be traced back to the Zhou Dynasty.
The Zhou Dynasty believed in the art of witchcraft, so every Shangsi Festival, there would be witches by the river, for people to hold a ceremony to remove disasters and diseases, and every family would require to participate.
There will also be special people in the royal family on this day, incense in various palaces, to remove snakes, insects, rats, ants and other filthy and unlucky things.
The Shangsi Festival is on the day of the Shangsi Day in March of the lunar calendar every year, because it is the lunar calendar, so it is not fixed every year, and then slowly feel troublesome, and the fourth day of the first month of the third month of the lunar calendar is set as "Shangsi" from the Han Dynasty.
Until the Wei and Jin dynasties, the third day of the third month of March was clearly fixed as the Shangsi Festival, which was more convenient to remember.
On the day of the Shangsi Festival, people want to purify, which means to pull out the sick gas, remove the meaning of filth, and eat mustard boiled eggs, flowing qushui and so on, it is very lively, but with the passage of the dynasty, this festival is slowly forgotten.
In addition, there is another festival that is very close to the Qingming Festival in our country, that is, the Cold Food Festival, but people generally only remember the Qingming Festival but do not remember the cold food.
There is no fixed time for this festival, and it generally depends on the different habits of each family, but it is 1-2 days before Qingming.
The main custom on this day is to prohibit smoking and cold food, as the name suggests, that is, on the day of the Cold Food Festival, or until the Qingming Festival, it is not allowed to cook on the fire at home.
If you want to eat, you will also eat some snacks or cold meals, and at the beginning of this festival, you will start to prepare the items needed to worship and worship your ancestors on the day of Qingming.
With the change of dynasties, people slowly put Qingming and cold food together, and slowly forgot that before Qingming, there was such a special festival as the Cold Food Festival.
In the romantic dynasty of the Tang Dynasty, the "Flower Dynasty Festival" was also popular, also commonly known as the "Flower God Festival".
In fact, as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, there were records of this festival, but there were relatively many records in the annals of the Tang Dynasty.
In addition, there are many different varieties of flowers in the house, and there are many stalls selling garlands and head flowers everywhere on the street, which are generally 5 yuan each, and all the materials used are real flowers.
At night, many lanterns appear in the market, and in some places there is a custom of "putting lantern gods", and some people think that this day is the birthday day when all the flowers in the world bloom together.
In the past, these festivals were accompanied by agricultural civilization, and people in ancient times were mostly farming, and they had more free time.
Later, as the dynasty slowly became stronger and prosperous, people were able to do more and more, and they were no longer idle, so many festivals faded out of people's lives.
From the Yaoshun period to the end of the Qing Dynasty, there have been countless dynastic changes, and there have been many titles and festivals in the alternating process, and no matter how the dynasties change, we are all descendants of Yan and Huang, all of whom are sons and daughters of China, and we have witnessed a long history together.
Nowadays there are other ethnic groups besides the Han people, but in any case, we all have a common name, and that is Chinese.