Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 63, Han Ji 55
Emperor Jian'an of the Eastern Han Dynasty (Gengchen, 200 AD).
When the new department is in operation, Xiazhou County, it is quite severe, and the silk is urgent. Changguang Taishou He Kuiyan Yu Cao said: "Mr. distinguishes the endowment of the nine suits with a difference of distance and proximity; The punishment of the three codes was formulated to calm the chaos. It is foolish to think that this county should follow the code of the new state in the distant region, and its folk trivial matters, so that the chief officials can temporarily follow suit, and the upper part will not betray the correct law, and the lower will obey the hearts of the people. Compared with three years, the people are safe, and then they can all be brought to justice. "it.
At that time, Cao Cao formulated a new decree and issued a state and county to enforce it, which was much stricter than before, and the collection of cotton and silk was very urgent. He Kui, the Taishou of Changguang County, said to Cao Cao: "The ancient kings divided taxes into nine classes, taking the distance from the capital as the standard, and established three different criminal law standards according to the situation of early and late annexation and chaos control. I believe that Changguang County should apply the law according to the remote areas that were annexed later, and the taxes should be lighter and the laws and regulations should be lenient. The trivial matters of the people are handled by the local government according to local conditions and by themselves, so that they do not violate the law of the imperial court, and they can conform to the hearts of the people. After three years, the people settled in peace, and then the unified decree of the imperial court was implemented. Cao Cao approved this opinion.
The Changguang County mentioned in the above materials is in today's Shandong, which is roughly Qingdao City, Laixi, Laiyang, Jimo, Haiyang and other places.
However, Changguang County previously belonged to Donglai County (Tai Shici's hometown), and was later divided into separate counties.
As mentioned earlier, Cao Cao's governance style is similar to that of the Legalists, and he has adopted many harsh laws against the localities.
The benefits are naturally there, the administration is efficient, and it is convenient to concentrate resources to do big things.
The disadvantages are also obvious, public grievances are boiling, and various contradictions are constantly accumulating.
Throughout the ages, this is the case with any policy, and from a dialectical point of view, there are advantages and disadvantages, and the difference lies only in the trade-offs between the actual situation and reality.
And any policy that seems good at the time, with the passage of time, will continue to expose problems that do not conform to reality, and at this time, managers need to revise and adjust.
Returning to the above materials, Cao Cao issued an order for the following to be executed, and when he arrived in Guangchang County, he was dissuaded by the local Taishou Shangshu.
Let's not talk about the reason for the time being, just if the leader issues instructions to do things, you jump out and say no, to the public that this is called confrontation with the organization, and to the private point that this is called not giving face to the leader.
If the leader is careful, he must wear small shoes.
Cao Cao didn't, and also listened to the advice of He Kui, the Taishou of Guangchang County.
To say that the core connotation of He Kui's suggestion is to seek truth from facts according to the actual situation of Guangchang County.
First of all, Guangchang County has not been under Cao Cao's command for a long time, and he does not have a deep identification with Cao Cao, and it is contradictory about the fact that he has been under Cao Cao's command.
Secondly, Guangchang County has become accustomed to the formation of consensus inertia under the original governance model, and if it is rashly changed, it will definitely exacerbate the contradictions.
Then, now, for this kind of place where Cao Cao's sphere of influence is relatively far, the primary purpose is not to collect taxes, but to maintain his ruling existence, or to maintain obeying Cao Cao's orders.
Finally, the change of the governance model of Guangchang County needs to be slow, not fast.
This is actually similar to the feeling of the Six Kingdoms towards the Qin Dynasty and the Qin Dynasty's governance after Qin Shi Huang unified the world.
People are used to their lives, and suddenly they have to follow your rules, which is naturally a contradiction.
If your rules also harm the interests of others, it will inspire serious resistance and confrontation.
Cao Cao understood what He Kui meant, so he didn't say anything more, just do what you said.
I have to say that He Kui's suggestion is very pertinent, he dares to say it, and fortunately he is willing to listen to Cao Cao when he meets him.
But the reality is that there are very few cases like the above.
When reading history, we must realize that Chinese history books cherish words like gold, and they will not write down a paragraph for no reason.
And on the other hand, things that are too normal will not remain in the history books, only those that are scarce and worthy of recording will be written.
Or remind the future, or flaunt praise.
Just like the essence of news, a dog bites a person is not news, a person bites a dog.
What is the reality?
The leader has a good intention when he issues instructions, but he may not be able to fully see the actual situation below, so it is easy to be biased from the actual situation.
Subordinates receive instructions, especially at the middle level, thinking about their official positions, and do not consider seeking truth from facts, and directly give orders, in current words, to implement documents, notify notices, and even increase the number of layers to let the following to implement.
At the bottom, when they received instructions, they wanted to say no but couldn't, and it was extremely difficult to implement them, so they were forced to violently enforce them, and even turned good policies into bad policies, and finally went astray.
Where does the problem arise?
Personally, I think it's the lack of a middle-level level like this.
Of course, I'm not talking about specific people, but an attitude towards things, to superiors, and to subordinates.
First of all, it is necessary to thoroughly understand, understand, and analyze things, especially those arranged by superiors, and what is the purpose of the leader's arrangement, what is the purpose, and what effect is to be achieved, which is called understanding the spirit of the document.
Then, analyze and investigate to understand what your actual situation is, what your own characteristics are, how to better integrate with the spirit of your superiors, and how to put forward ideas that meet your own. This is called full research.
Finally, according to their actual situation, formulate a feasible plan. This is called seeking truth from facts in a case-by-case analysis.
Therefore, the reason why it was said that the investigation and research should be carried out last year was largely due to the lack of it before, so it was necessary to pick up the magic weapon of doing work again.
Of course, some places do a good job, and some places are still perfunctory, and they don't understand the connotation and spirit of the superiors' requirements at all, thinking that the research is to hold a few meetings with the following and it's over, and what does the research come up with?
Nothing. Therefore, why is it not good in some places, to be honest, it is not that the top is not good, nor is it that the grassroots are not careful.
To a large extent, it's not good in the middle.