Today's "Guangguang" population is concentrated, and the degree of development does not need to be talked about in detail, but more than 2,000 years ago, it was a barren placeIt is in the poor land of "South Vietnam" that there is a "tomb of the emperor" that is more mysterious than the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, how is this possible?
Theoretically speaking, with today's technology, this situation should not occur, how famous is the "Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang", which has not appeared for thousands of years, but it has still been found by today's people;The main reason why it has not been discovered so far is that it is waiting for the further development of conservation technology to be foolproof.
But what about the "Tomb of the Emperor of South Vietnam"?It's really really not found!
Around 1983, there was a lot of noise in Xianggang, Guangdong, where several buildings were plannedThe excavator went down with a shovel and dug up the "tomb of Zhao Ying, the king of Nanyue";Please note that this is talking about the "tomb of Zhao Yi", not the "mysterious emperor" mentioned above, that is, Zhao Yi's grandfather, the founding king of South Vietnam, Zhao Tuo.
If you really want to talk about it, "Zhao Tuo" itself is a legend, although he has an average background, he can compete with the two emperors of Qin and the eight emperors of the Han Dynasty;At first, "Zhao Tuo" was nameless, when Qin Shi Huang unified the Central Plains after attacking the Xiongnu in the north, conquering Baiyue in the south, and sending Tu Sui to lead an army of 500,000 to conquer and defend Lingnan.
After Tu Sui's death, Qin Shi Huang sent "Zhao Tuo" to Nanyue to succeed him, and his official position was only the order of Longchuan County under the jurisdiction of Nanhai CountyTo put it bluntly, "Zhao Tuo" is just a small person under Qin Shi Huang, how can he talk about "dominating one side"?The times make heroes!
After the death of Qin Shi Huang, the Central Plains fell apart again, and the rebel armies led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang swarmed, and the Qin Dynasty was overwhelmed, and there was no time to look south"Zhao Tuo" saw this gap period, blocked Lingnan traffic information externally, and eradicated dissidents internally, so as to "lead a hundred Yue" and become the first generation of monarchs of Nanyue.
In 204 B.C., Zhao Tuo proclaimed himself the "Wu King of Nanyue", and his territory stretched south to (present-day) central Vietnam and Hainan Island, north to Wuling, east to the sea, and west to Yunnan, Guizhou and GuizhouSpeaking of which, "Zhao Tuo" is still only worthy of being called a traitorous male, what is his strength, and he is "mysterious".
Qin Wang swept Liuhe" and what about "strong Han unification of the Central Plains"?The military, military, political and economic affairs of the Qin and Han dynasties are recognized as powerful in history, but "Zhao Tuo" expressed dissatisfaction, after Han Liu Bang conquered the world, and Nanyue did not recognize each other for decades, and the angry Empress Lu ordered "ban the first iron to South Vietnam".
Insert two sentences here, "iron" more than 2,000 years ago is a rare thing, and the Han army was still clumsy and undurable bronze at that time;"Iron Dynasty Bronze" was a new type of nuclear weapon at that time, which directly created the brilliant achievements of "Han driving the Huns".
To put it simply, after "Empress Lu banned iron", he sent a large army to conquer Baiyue, which was actually fighting an unequal war; On the surface, the martial king of South Vietnam "Zhao Tuo" was bound to lose, but the result was that the Han army returned in vain.
In 179 BC, Zhao Tuo sent a letter to Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty saying that "the old man has been in Guangdong for forty-nine years, and he is hugging Sun Yan today", which is not only self-showing, but also a kind of irony.
The magic is here, "Zhao Tuo" is a flesh-and-blood person after all, birth, old age, sickness and death are inevitable, "Historical Records" contains: "Jianyuan died in the fourth year", that is, in 137 BC; This is strange, as early as 227 BC, when Qin Shi Huang had not yet unified China, but "Zhao Tuo" had already arrived in South Vietnam, and then stayed in Canton for 90 years, this person actually lived for more than 100 years?
Realistically speaking, although there are many "longevity old" in history, but excluding myths and stories, there are almost no people who can live for more than 100 years more than 2,000 years ago; Also, South Vietnam in the Han Dynasty was a wild land, and "Zhao Tuo" was originally a northerner, and it was not easy to survive in the scorching heat of Guangguang and the environment of unaccustomed water and soil, how could he live to be more than 100 years old?
It is clearly recorded in the history book of Vietnam today, "The Complete Book of Records of the History of Da Viet", that "Zhao Tuo" was in power in South Vietnam for 71 years and lived for 100 and 4 years, how is this possible? Later experts questioned the actual age of "Zhao Tuo", but there was no evidence to refute it, which is one of the "magics" of the martial king of Nanyue.
If there is "one", there will be "two", how many treasures does Zhao Tuo have, and his tomb is in **? This question remains a mystery for the ages.
From the geographical point of view, "Nanyue" is close to the South China Sea, and the capital "Panyu" is the distribution center of Lingnan and even overseas for rare treasures.
As the "King of Nanyue", it is reasonable to be buried in a beautiful manner after death, and the treasures in Zhao Tuo's tomb will not be less, which leads to a trouble; In contrast, the burial goods in the "Han Mao Mausoleum" have been openly ** in the market, and in the Tang Dynasty imperial tombs, except for the "Qianling", none of the other imperial tombs have been spared.
The strong Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty are still difficult to escape the theft and excavation, the "Zhao Tuo Tomb" full of treasures is coveted by the Tufuzi of the past dynasties, and it is recorded in the Ming Dynasty "Yong Building Sketch" that "the Yue Wang Tuo is buried, the car is out of all directions, and the coffin has no fixed place; Wu Huangwuzhong, Jiaozhou engaged in Wu Yu's visit to Tuo's tomb, but failed to get it. ”
The translation of this sentence is to the effect that Zhao Tuo, in order to prevent the soil, appeared in many hearses carrying coffins at the funeral, and the hearses set off in all directions at the same time.
According to legend, Zhao Tuo set a rule of "I don't know where the order is", he dug dozens of doubtful graves on the mountain outside the city of "Panyu" (outside the city of Guangzhou today), and killed all the craftsmen who participated in the construction of the mausoleum; Later, his grandson Zhao Yuan succeeded as the "King of Nanyue", and one of the things he did after ascending the throne was to hold a huge funeral for Zhao Tuo's "four cars".
This move played a confusing role, and the world never knew where the "Nanyue Wu King" was buried, let alone robbing the tomb; There are also those who do not believe in evil, and the "Sun Wu" of the Three Kingdoms has sent a large army to find Zhao Tuo's tomb in order to replenish military funds.
According to history, the Soochow army during the Three Kingdoms period almost dug three feet into the ground of the big and small hills in Guangzhou, but only found the "tomb of Zhao Yingqi, the third king of Nanyue", and ended up with a tragic end of the whole army and no life.
After this battle, Sun Wu no longer dared to look for the "tomb of Zhao Tuo", and "there is a treasure in the tomb of the king of Nanyue" is more and more spreading, but no one knows the specific location until today; Speaking of which, the above only represents ancient times, and now that science and technology are developed, how can modern experts be convinced?
As early as the 50s of the last century, the Guangzhou "Cultural Relics Management Committee" was established, and the "search for the tomb of the king of Nanyue" was put on the agenda again.
To put it simply, the "tomb of Zhao Tuo" is a mystery that has existed for more than 2,000 years, can you easily find it if you want to find it today? In 1983, several ancient tombs were excavated during the construction of Xianggang, and they had already been stolen cleanly, so they did not attract the attention of archaeological experts at that time.
At the beginning of July, the excavator suddenly stopped working, and people found that large and regular stone slabs appeared under the sand layer; At that time, the workers didn't think too much, and used a pickaxe to pry along the cracks in the stone slabs to both sides, and a deep "bottomless pit" was exposed.
When the archaeological experts arrived, they used a flashlight to irradiate the "bottomless pit", and there was a huge space in the mountain; Needless to ask, it will not be ordinary nobles who can "dig up the mountain and bury", is this the legendary "Tomb of the King of Nanyue"?
It needs to be noted that the "King of Nanyue" is not only Zhao Tuo, after his death, his grandson Zhao Yuan ascended the throne, that is, "King Wen of Nanyue", and then there are Zhao Yingqi, Zhao Xing, Zhao Jiande, a total of 5 generations of Nanyue kings.
The Nanyue Kingdom persisted until the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, when Lü Jia, the prime minister of Nanyue, killed Zhao Xing, the king of Nanyue, the Empress Dowager and the envoys of the Han Dynasty, in an attempt to re-establish Zhao Jiande as emperor and continue to be the enemy of the Han Dynasty; Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was furious when he heard this, so he sent 100,000 troops to completely wipe out the South Yue Kingdom, which "bottomless pit" in 1983 would be the "King of South Vietnam"?
The stakes were so high that Guangzhou continued to report the situation until the National Academy of Sciences supported the excavation, and during the clean-up process, the tombs were filled with boulders, some of which even weighed as much as 2 tons; In this case, only the "tomb road" can only be moved by modern machinery, and it is completely impossible for the ancient Tufuzi to enter the tomb.
In short, the archaeological team found "innumerable" precious cultural relics in the underground palace tombs, including: gold, silver, ivory, jade, lacquered wood, pottery, etc.; Among them, the bronze tripod, complete sets of bells, stone musical instruments, jade pendants, jade bi, gold seals, jade seals, silk jade clothes, etc. are rare treasures, which can be basically determined that this is the "tomb of the king of Nanyue".
According to the jade seal text, experts determined that this is the mausoleum of the second generation of Nanyue King "Zhao Fu", and more than 1,000 cultural relics have been unearthed; The second generation of the king of Nanyue has such a rich burial, so the tomb of Zhao Tuo, the "founding king of Nanyue", is there no treasure in the tomb? But where is his grave?
According to the time, the age of "Zhao Tuo's tomb" is even older, coupled with the ingenious arrangement of the burial, its specific location has been hidden from the world for more than 2,000 years, and it is not easy to find it now; Some experts speculate: According to the shape of Zhao Yu's tomb found today, the "Zhao Tuo Tomb" is likely to be hidden in the mountain, or even a larger mountain.
Based on history, ancient family tombs are generally not far away, and the ancient system is popular "Zhaomu's law"; The so-called "Zhaomu" is a set of rules for the ancients to sort the temple or cemetery by generation, that is, "the burial of the first king is in the center, and Zhaomu is the left and right." ”
The general explanation is: the first ancestor is buried in the middle, the next generation is "Zhao, buried on the left", and the third generation is "Mu, buried on the right"; Then there is the next generation to continue "Zhao, still buried with the left", "Mu, still buried with the right", and then arranged according to generation.
It can be inferred from this that Zhao Tuo is the "ancestor" of the Nanyue Kingdom, and he should be buried in the middle, and the current Zhao Yu tomb is located in the west of Yuexiu Mountain, and the tomb sits in the north and faces south, so it can be counted as "Mu".
By extension, the "tomb of Zhao Tuo", the first king of Nanyue, should be in Yuexiu Mountain, which is not a unified statement; Others think that the "tomb of Zhao Tuo" may not be in Yuexiu Mountain, but it may also be Baiyun Mountain, which is further east.
Of course, in addition to these two statements, there are many theories, one is that the "tomb of Zhao Tuo" is in Lubao Village, Nansha District, Guangzhou, which is one of the oldest royal tombs in the history of Guangzhou; Another theory says that the "Tomb of Zhao Tuo" may be in a cave called "Zhao Tuo Tomb" in present-day Quang Binh Province, Vietnam, which is also one of the important cultural heritage sites of Vietnam.
Speaking of which, "Zhao Tuo" more than 2,000 years ago was legendary when he was alive, and he was even more mysterious after his death;Where is the "Tomb of King Wu of South Vietnam", perhaps only time can give the answer, and it is hoped that experts will solve this "mystery of the ages" as soon as possible.