Meter-thick coal seam coal miningyears, what is the current situation?
China actually has the first coal mine in Asia? This coal mine has been mined for 118 years, and has experienced the rise and fall of China, but how is it developing now? In 1875, the exploration workers of the Tsar ** discovered a vast coal mine with deep coal seams in the ancient city of Fushun.
At that time, China was engaged in a large-scale Westernization movement, and there was a huge demand for coal mines, but the Qing refused to mine them on the grounds of protecting the feng shui of the land of Longxing.
In the Qing Dynasty after the Gengzi Incident, in order to pay a huge amount of compensation, ** was forced to agree to mine the Guchengzi Coal Mine and use the mining proceeds for the payment of compensation. At first, workers excavated mines, but in 1914, as the depth of mining increased, it was discovered that the coal seams were so shallow that they could be mined on a large scale by simply clearing the surface of the rock and soil layers.
Since the coal mine is located in the west of Fushun City, it is also known as Fushun West Open-pit Mine.
After the 918 Incident, the Fushun West Open-pit Mine fell into the hands of Japan. In the past 14 years, they have excavated 200 million tons of high-quality coal from here. Most of this coal was shipped to the Shenyang Arsenal to make military equipment for the invasion of China, and some was shipped to Nanyang for sale.
The Japanese were amazed at the sheer extent of the reserves in this open-pit coal mine, which seemed to be endless. But they didn't know that the open-pit coal mine in Fushun was the largest in Asia, but they didn't have time to get to know it deeply, because this was Chinese soil and the invaders would eventually be driven out.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the state poured 2 billion yuan into the development of coalfields in Fushun, of which the Fushun West open-pit mine became a key construction project.
Thanks to the investment of funds, the production capacity and efficiency of Fushun West Open-pit Coal Mine have been significantly improved. In the 60s of the last century, the Fushun West open-pit coal mine could produce more than 26 million tons of high-quality thermal coal per year, which has a calorific value of up to 8,000 kcal per kilogram, which is very suitable for steam boilers.
Coal in Fushun has not only become the main fuel for the locomotive of the Northeast Industrial Zone, but has also been inspected and appreciated by party and state leaders many times.
China's coal resources are extremely rich, such as Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Huainan and other places have large coal fields. However, these coalfields are generally difficult to mine, and only the Fushun West open-pit coal mine has relatively simple mining conditions, and only blasting in the pit can obtain high-quality coal.
This mining method was particularly suitable for the weak industrial base of China at that time, so the Fushun West open-pit coal mine was highly valued. Unlike other coalfields, the Fushun West open-pit coal mine also contains oil shale, a rock that can be used to refine oil, which was of self-evident importance to China at the time, which was short of oil.
In addition to coal resources, the Fushun West open-pit coal mine also produces priceless gem-quality amber, some of which still hold traces of thousand-year-old bugs. Most of this amber was exported to the Warsaw Pact countries, making a significant contribution to our foreign exchange reserves.
Because of the existence of this coal mine, the heavy industry in Northeast China has developed rapidly. **When the People's Republic of China was founded, he once sighed: "China has a vast land and a large population, but it is a backward agricultural country, which can only produce tables, chairs and benches, and cannot manufacture airplanes and automobiles." ”
However, it was only a dozen years before trucks and jets were successfully manufactured in the northeast, thanks to the abundant resources of the Daqing oil field and the Fushun West open-pit coal mine.
These valuable resources injected vitality into the industry of Northeast China, making it the wealthiest region in China at the time.
Since 1901, the Fushun West open-pit coal mine has been mined for a century, with a total area of 1453 square kilometers, the main pit storage capacity reaches 1.7 billion cubic meters, which can accommodate more than 1,500 Taihu Lake water.
The "sinkhole" in the center of the main pit is bottomless and 2 degrees wideAt 2 kilometers, it is the lowest altitude area in China, and the bottom of the sinkhole is 488 meters above sea level, setting a record for the depth in China.
Although 30% of the reserves of the Fushun West open-pit coal mine can be mined for 20 years, the ecological environment of Fushun City is under tremendous pressure. Before the coal mine was closed, the sky in Fushun City was gray during the dry autumn season, and the wind rose to the sky for a long time due to the smoke and dust raised by the blasting shock wave during open-pit coal mining.
40% of Fushun City is at risk of landslides due to deep pit digging, and soil erosion in the open-pit coal pit in Fushun West is serious, and heavy rains are prone to mudslides. In addition, the miners had reached retirement age, so the Fushun West open-pit coal mine was closed in 2019.
In order to improve the ecological environment here, the state allocated more than 400 million yuan for restoration.
In just four years, the Fushun West open-pit coal mine has undergone a magnificent transformation from coal mining to ecology, and the former pit is now full of green trees, soil erosion has been effectively controlled, and the air quality of Fushun has also been significantly improved.
Although coal mining is no longer carried out, the Fushun West open-pit coal mine is still creating wealth for the country. There is an observation deck in the scenic area, which attracts a large number of tourists every day, and the ticket is 30 yuan.
There is also a coal museum set up next to the observation deck, which displays the historical materials of the development of the West Open-pit Coal Mine at various stages.