Different countries have different views of history and will have different judgments about the same warThe Sino-Vietnamese War of 1979 was a just self-defense counterattack for China
What are the views of Japan, Russia, and Vietnam, which are in China's geopolitical landscape, on the war, and how are they evaluated in the textbooks of these countries?
The war against Vietnam must have been a just move from China's point of view, when a Vietnamese dreamed of being a small overlord in the southeast, and the Soviet Union fanned the flames behind itThe responsibility for the outbreak of this war does not lie with China
Moreover, the duration of the war against Vietnam was very short, and our army quickly withdrew to China after believing that the purpose of the operation had been achieved, and had no intention of further fighting.
The war attracted worldwide attention because of the infighting between the socialist camp, not only in Chinese textbooks, but also in Vietnam, Japan, and Russia.
Japan was not a direct participant in the Sino-Vietnamese WarTheoretically, Japanese textbooks should have the most objective viewpoint, but in fact Japanese textbooks are inFalsifying historyThis aspect can be said to be notorious.
Japanese textbooks on the war of aggression against China are just nonsense, and even regard this war as a reform of Japan against China, but do not mention anything about specific war crimes.
Japan is also unkind in its description of China's self-defense counterattack against Vietnam, for example, Japanese textbooks do not mention Vietnam's provocations and aggressions against China before the warOn the contrary, it implies that China is the aggressor, consciously or unconsciously, the PLA took the initiative to attack Vietnam.
When it comes to talking about Vietnam's losses, Japanese textbooks are even more impressiveExaggerationand its purpose is not to promote the strong force of the PLA, butImplying that the PLA has committed serious war crimes,It has brought great suffering to the Vietnamese people.
It can be seen that although the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression has ended for nearly 80 years, butJapan has always had vicious ambitions for China.
Textbooks are an important material for a country to train its next generation, and the next generation of Japan who grow up under such an education will certainly not have a too friendly impression of ChinaJapan's sinister intentions behind it should arouse the vigilance of the Chinese people
This neighbor of ours has never given up its hostility to China, and it is very likely that China and Japan will have another war in the future.
InterestinglyRussiaAs the successor of the Soviet Union, it can also be considered one of the participants in the Sino-Vietnamese War, but Russian textbooks are very sensitive to this historyThe description is more objective.
This may be due to the fact that the Soviet Union suffered a lot of losses from poisonous textbooksTherefore, Russia attaches great importance to the objectivity and correctness of the content of the textbooks, especially the chapters related to history.
In Russian textbooks, the outbreak of the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam is clearly explainedThe ambitions of the Vietnamese Le Duan regime and Vietnam's encroachment on Chinese territory were mentionedHe also said that the reason why the Vietnamese army suffered a crushing defeat was a miscalculation of the strength of China and Vietnam.
The Vietnamese army was no match for the PLA at all, so the war lasted only a month before it ended.
But about this warThe part with the participation of the USSR,Russian textbooks onSome were dishonest and did a lot of whitewashing for the chauvinistic actions of the great powers of the Soviet Union at that time
The reason why Vietnam dared to turn its face with China back then was directly related to the signing of the Soviet-Vietnamese alliance treaty, and Vietnam thought that it had hugged the thigh of the Soviet Union and could stab China in the back, but Russian textbooks did not mention this.
However, considering that the Soviet Union has collapsed, the rights and wrongs of the socialist camp have long been a thing of the past, and it is understandable that Russia intends to downplay the impact of this.
After all, in the current international landscape,China and Russia need a high degree of mutual trust and close cooperation to meet the challengesIt is also normal to try to avoid mentioning the unpleasant experiences of the two countries in the past.
The relationship between China and Russia is very special, and maintaining friendship between the two countries is a necessary condition for avoiding internal friction, otherwise with the huge size of China and Russia and the long national border, guarding against each other will be endless, and a considerable amount of resources and energy will be wasted.
During the Cold War, China and the Soviet Union suffered this loss, and in the end, it was the Americans who benefited.
Vietnamese textbooks have the exact opposite view of the war to China, from a Chinese point of viewReversing right and wrong, messing around.
Vietnamese textbooksIt is not at all recognized that it was Vietnam that took the lead in the provocation,On the contrary, it is said that it is a rakeChina launched a war of aggression against Vietnam.
What's even more odious is that Vietnam alsoStigmating China's efforts to aid VietnamIt was said that China wanted to control the Vietnamese people and ** through aid, and after being recognized by Vietnam, it became angry and launched a war of aggression.
As for the Vietnamese army's crushing defeat on the battlefield, Vietnamese textbooks do not mention it at all, but instead call China's voluntary withdrawal of troops a defeatIt is said that the PLA was defeated by the Vietnamese army on the battlefield, unable to continue fighting, so he fled back to the country.
However, Vietnam's textbook rhetoric will not change the history that has already happened, and Vietnam was completely destroyed by the People's Liberation Army in 79 years of fighting, and its domestic economic development has come to a standstill.
After the Battle of Lao Son in 84, Vietnam's economy was consumed by the war to the point of direct collapse, and finally had to seek peace with ChinaToday's Vietnamese textbooks no longer mention the past war between China and Vietnam.
In 2001 a new textbook was published in VietnamThere are only 11 lines of content related to the self-defense and counterattack war against Vietnam, basically better than nothing.
To this, the editor-in-chief of the textbook also answered very sincerely, he saidVietnam must consider its relations with friendly countriesThere is only so much content that can be released, and Vietnam is still cowardly in the end, and in the face of absolute strength, it makes no sense to be stubborn.
List of high-quality authors
Material**:1] NetEase Military Parade No. 50: 1979 Self-Defense Counterattack against Vietnam NetEase [Citation date: 2018-03-24].
2] People's Publishing House, The Truth of the Sino-Vietnamese Border Conflict, Beijing: People's Publishing House, 1979, p. 51.