Emperor Qianlong was a very special emperor:
He was the most blessed of the twelve emperors of the Qing Dynasty.
He held the real power of the Qing Dynasty for the longest time, as long as 63 years and four months; **Ten Thousand Fans Incentive Plan He was the longest-lived emperor of all the Qing emperors, dying at the age of 89.
Emperor Qianlong ascended the throne at the age of 25, and all his life he took his ancestor Kangxi as a model, and in the handling of court affairs, he took the holy teachings of the emperor as the golden rule, and even wanted to imitate the emperor in every word and deed.
It can be said that in Qianlong's eyes, the emperor Kangxi is his idol.
Because Kangxi reigned for 60 years, Qianlong said more than once: If I can reign for 60 years with the blessing of the sky, I must take the throne and my son, and I cannot surpass the emperor's reign of 60 years.
Indeed, Qianlong did it.
On the third day of the ninth month of the 60th year of Qianlong, Qianlong summoned all the princes, grandsons and ministers of civil and military affairs, and announced in public: the fifteenth elder brother Yongyan will be established as the crown prince, and he will inherit the title of emperor on the first day of the first month of the following year and change his name to Yingyan.
After several months of preparation, on New Year's Day in 1796, the ceremony of Emperor Qianlong was held in Jiaqing, and Emperor Jiaqing officially ascended the throne.
thought that after ascending the throne and becoming emperor, he would be able to begin to grasp the real power of the Qing Dynasty.
I didn't expect it to be like that at all:
Qianlong still lived in the Yangxin Palace of the Qianqing Palace, and Emperor Jiaqing still lived in the Yuqing Palace where he lived when he was the prince;
Emperor Qianlong had the final say on all matters in the court, followed by Heshen and Emperor Jiaqing; Therefore, many people jokingly refer to He Shen as the "Second Emperor" and Emperor Jiaqing as the "Emperor of Serving".
After the death of his 89-year-old father in the fourth year of Jiaqing, Emperor Jiaqing officially began to govern in person and grasped the real power of the Qing Dynasty.
Emperor Qianlong reigned for a long time, and the number of natural princes was also large, with a total of 17; In addition to the emperor's fifteenth son, Yan Yan, who ascended the throne as emperor, what happened to the other 16 princes?
Of the 43 concubines, only 7 gave birth to princes
Qianlong reigned for a long time, and the number of abolished concubines was naturally large, but the number of concubines who really gave birth to princes for Qianlong was not large, only 7, and the final position was either the queen, or the imperial concubine, or the concubine, no matter how bad it was, she could achieve the concubine position.
Who are these 7?
Although Emperor Zhemin is an imperial concubine, in fact, she does not have the blessing to enjoy the honor of the imperial concubine; died of illness before Qianlong ascended the throne and became emperor, and was the first concubine to give birth to children for Qianlong.
In the third year of Qianlong, he entered the Qiandi through the draft of the Internal Affairs Office to be the concubine of Hongli.
Emperor Zhemin is very virtuous, so Qianlong still loves her, Yongzheng gave birth to the emperor's eldest son Yonghuang in the sixth year, and gave birth to the emperor's second daughter three years later. It's a pity that when Yonghuang was 8 years old, Emperor Zhemin died of illness.
After Qianlong ascended the throne, he was first posthumously named Concubine Zhe, and Qianlong was posthumously named Emperor Zhemin Imperial Concubine for ten years on the grounds of giving birth to the emperor's eldest son Yonghuang.
Although Emperor Zhemin's concubine was not blessed to be the concubine of Emperor Qianlong, she left her eldest son for Qianlong, which can be regarded as no regrets, and she was able to be buried with Yuling.
Careful people will find that Empress Xiaoxian and Emperor Zhemin's concubine are both from the Fucha clan, aren't they from the same family?
Of course not only! Empress Xiaoxian was born in the Shaji Fucha clan, one of the eight nobles of Manxun, Empress Xiaoxian can be called a famous lady; And Emperor Zhemin's concubine was born in the Gahari Fucha clan and belonged to the Manchurian Zhenghuang Banner coat, and the origins of the two can be said to be very different.
Empress Xiaoxian is Qianlong's wife, although the time of marriage to Qianlong was two years later than that of Emperor Zhemin, but Empress Xiaoxian is the concubine of Qianlong Ming Media, and Emperor Zhemin is just a concubine.
The reason why Yongzheng personally pointed out the marriage was that he took a fancy to the maiden power of Empress Xiaoxian.
In particular, Ma Qi, the uncle of Empress Xiaoxian, was not only Kangxi's favorite minister, but also an important minister during the Yongzheng Dynasty. Those who know Yongzheng know that after Yongzheng ascended the throne, he secretly set the fourth son Hongli as the crown prince, which means that Yongzheng chose not only Hongli's concubine Fujin, but also the future queen.
Of course, Empress Xiaoxian can indeed afford the words "filial piety" and "virtuous", and Queen Xiaoxian in "Yanxi Raiders" has let us see the real Empress Xiaoxian in history to the greatest extent.
It is precisely because Empress Xiaoxian is virtuous and gentle and filial that Qianlong dotes on her very much; After Empress Xiaoxian married Hongli, she gave birth to two princes and two princesses:
The eldest son Yonglian: Born in the eighth year of Yongzheng.
Yongcong, the second son: born in the eleventh year of Qianlong.
The eldest daughter of the emperor: died at the age of 1.
The third daughter of the emperor: Princess Gulun and Jing, born in the ninth year of Yongzheng, is the only child of Empress Xiaoxian's four children who grew up.
Yonglian, as the first concubine born to Empress Xiaoxian, naturally attracted much attention, not only the emperor Yongzheng favored and valued, Qianlong and Empress Xiaoxian regarded it as a pearl in the palm of their hands, and loved it in every way. In fact, after Qianlong ascended the throne, he secretly designated Yonglian, who was only 6 years old, as the crown prince in the way of secretly establishing a prince, but it is a pity that God made people, and Yonglian died at the age of 8.
Yonglian's death made Empress Xiaoxian sick, and it took a long time to get out of the pain of losing her beloved son;
Qianlong was also very sad to posthumously crown Yonglian as the crown prince of Duanhui and held a funeral according to the prince's specifications.
Empress Xiaoxian did not get pregnant for many years after losing her beloved son, and it was not until the tenth year of Qianlong that she finally became pregnant again, and gave birth to her second son Yongcong in April of the following year.
Qianlong was very happy and thought that there was hope for Liyan again.
Unexpectedly, God played a joke with Qianlong again, and Yongcong died at the age of 2.
Empress Xiaoxian, who lost two sons in succession, collapsed, although Qianlong took Empress Xiaoxian to the south to relax, but Empress Xiaoxian was immersed in the pain of losing her beloved son and could not extricate herself, and died of illness on the border of Jinan.
Since then, Qianlong's southern tour has never passed through Jinan again, but has taken a detour.
Because there was a lifelong pain there, his favorite wife died there.
The reason why the queen Nala didn't even have a nickname was because she offended Qianlong, although Qianlong did not abolish it, but in fact, the treatment was like a abolished queen. After the death of the queen Nala, there was not even a separate tomb, and Qianlong stuffed her coffin directly into the mausoleum of Emperor Chunhui, and disappeared in the long river of history.
The background of the Nala clan is not noble, and his father is Narbu, although he is not as noble as Empress Xiaoxian, but he is much more noble than the background of Emperor Zhemin, who was born in Baoyi.
When Hongli was still a prince, the Nala clan was a side blessing, and after Hongli ascended the throne, he was named a concubine.
It wasn't until Empress Xiaoxian died of illness that the Nala clan, who was deeply liked by the Queen Mother, was considered to have survived in the harem.
Prior to this, Emperor Huixian's concubine Gao Jia's family had passed away, and the highest rank in the palace was Xian Guifei and Chun Guifei, and the pure concubine was not as good as Nala's, so naturally she was not as suitable as Xian Guifei to be in charge of the six palaces. Because the queen mother was always urging, Qianlong reluctantly made it difficult for the Nala clan to be the imperial concubine and became the de facto master of the harem.
Two years later, he was canonized as Qianlong's successor.
Even so, Qianlong still couldn't accept the Nala clan to replace Empress Xiaoxian's position, so he was not close to the Nala clan.
But the Nala clan is filial piety, sensible and virtuous, and Qianlong really can't say that the Nala clan is bad, so he decided to try to accept the successor. That's it.
The Nala clan gave birth to two princes in succession:
The twelfth son of the emperor, Yongxuan
The thirteenth son of the emperor, Yongjing, died young
Although the Nala clan has been with Qianlong for many years, Qianlong did not favor and attach importance to the Nala clan before the Nala clan became the queen, so he did not know much about the Nala clan; But after really accepting the Nala clan, I slowly realized that the Nala clan is not as dignified and virtuous as it seems, and the heart is very strong. Slowly, Qianlong began to alienate the Nala clan again.
turned to favor the younger Concubine Ling, and the Nala clan was quite resentful after falling out of favor.
Until the spring of Qianlong's thirtieth year, the Nala clan finally couldn't control it, and he "suddenly went crazy" on the southern tour road, and was sent back to the palace by Qianlong in advance. The following year, he died of illness in the cold palace.
Wei Jiashi is the well-known Concubine Ling, born in Baoyi, and is the only queen in the entire Qing Dynasty who has left Han blood on her body. Wei Jiashi was 16 years younger than Qianlong, and was named a nobleman when he first entered the palace.
In fact, Wei Jia's family was not very favored at the beginning, after all, at the beginning, Empress Xiaoxian died at the beginning, and Qianlong would not care too much about a small nobleman; However, Empress Xiaoxian intended to promote Wei Jia's family, and Qianlong treated Wei Jia's family quite well, and promoted him to concubine.
In the year when Empress Xiaoxian died of illness, Qianlong named her a concubine;
After the Nala clan succeeded, until the twentieth year of Qianlong, it was the lowest point of the Wei Jia clan.
Since the twentieth year of Qianlong, Qianlong has been very fond of Wei Jia's family, and Wei Jia's family gave birth to 5 children in ten years:
The Seventh Daughter of the Queen
Yonglu, the fourteenth son of the emperor, died at the age of 4;
The Ninth Daughter of the Emperor
Yongyan, the fifteenth son of the emperor, was enthroned as emperor;
The sixteenth son of the emperor died young
The thirty years of Qianlong were a turning point in the lives of the Empress Nala and Wei Jia
The Nala clan lived in the cold palace, and Wei Jia's family was crowned as the imperial concubine and ruled the six palaces.
The following year after Wei Jiashi was named the imperial concubine, he gave birth to the emperor's seventeenth son, Yongxuan, who was Qianlong's youngest son.
When Wei Jiashi was alive, the highest position was the imperial concubine;
In the 60th year of Qianlong, when Yongyan was named the crown prince, his biological mother Wei Jiashi was posthumously named Empress Xiaoyi.
Su's background is actually very low, and her father is not an official in the court, so she was just a concubine when she entered the Hongli Hidden Mansion. Although Su's background is not high, as a talented woman, she is still more favored. successively gave birth to two princes and a princess for Qianlong.
The third son of the emperor, Yongzhang: was born in the thirteenth year of Yongzheng
The sixth son of the emperor, Yongying: Born in the eighth year of Qianlong
The fourth daughter of the emperor, Princess Heshuo and Jia (the historical prototype of Ziwei): Qianlong was born in the tenth year.
In the twenty-fifth year of Qianlong, Su was seriously ill, and Qianlong named him the imperial concubine in order to be happy.
It is worth mentioning that although the Su family has been named the imperial concubine during her lifetime, she was not buried in Yuling, but in the concubine's mausoleum. Emperor Huixian's concubine Gao Jia's family can be buried in Yuling without giving birth to a son and a half daughter, but the Su family does not have this qualification, which shows how important the concubine's background is.
Shujia Emperor's concubine Jin Jia is a concubine with Korean blood among all Qianlong's concubines, her ancestors are Koreans, but she is by no means a tribute girl from North Korea to the Qing Dynasty like in "The Legend of Ruyi".
Jin Jia's family was actually born in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and later carried the flag to Manchuria with the yellow flag, so it was called Jin Jia's.
The number of sons born to the Jin Jia clan is second only to the Empress Wei Jia's family, and four princes have been born:
In the fourth year of Qianlong, he gave birth to the fourth son of the emperor, Yonghui, who was the first son of Qianlong after he ascended the throne;
In the eleventh year of Qianlong, he gave birth to Yongxuan, the eighth son of the emperor
Two years later, he gave birth to the emperor's ninth son, but died young
In the seventeenth year of Qianlong, the eleventh son of the emperor was born
In the twentieth year of Qianlong, Jin Jia's family died of illness, and after Jin Jia's death, he was posthumously named Shujia Emperor's concubine and buried in Yuling.
When it comes to Qianlong, many people will think of the fifth elder brother Yongqi at once, after all, Yongqi has appeared in many TV series, with a personable demeanor and both civil and military, but many people don't know who his biological mother is?
Yongqi's biological mother is Yu Guifei Coriette, who was a concubine Gege when she first entered the palace.
After Qianlong ascended the throne, he was named Hai Changzai, but from the perspective of position, Concubine Yu was not favored. The reason why she went from a small Changzai to the position of a concubine was purely because she gave birth to a good son, a good prince who satisfied Qianlong.
In the sixth year of Qianlong, the fifth son of the emperor, Yongqi, was born.
Coriette's mother was named a concubine by virtue of her son, and Qianlong was named a concubine in ten years.
In the fifty-seventh year of Qianlong, Coriette died of illness, and was posthumously named Concubine Yu.
Concubine Shu's background is actually quite good, and her great-grandfather was Nalan Mingzhu, a famous minister of the Kangxi Dynasty. belongs to the Manchurian Zhenghuang Banner, and his father is Nalan Yongshou.
Qianlong gave birth to ten sons in the tenth year of the emperor, but soon died.
In this way, we summarize that there are still many princes who died young:
The eldest son and the second son of the emperor Yonglian.
The second son, Yongcong.
The ninth son of the emperor, Yongxuan.
The tenth son of the emperor. The thirteenth son of the emperor, Yongjing.
The fourteenth son of the emperor, Yonglu.
The sixteenth son of the emperor. gave birth to ten princes to grow up**, except for the fifteenth son of the emperor Yongyan who became the emperor, what happened to the other nine princes?
Two princes of the side branches: Yongcheng, the fourth son of the emperor, and Yongying, the sixth son of the emperor
In fact, it was not Qianlong's original creation to give his own prince an heir, and his ancestor Kangxi passed the sixteenth son Yunlu to Prince Chengze Shuosai as the queen and inherited the title of prince; Qianlong also gave his youngest brother Hongyi the heir to Prince Guo Yunli, inheriting the title of Prince Guo.
The biological mother of the fourth son of the emperor, Yongcheng, is the concubine of Shujia Emperor Jin Jia, as the first son of Qianlong after ascending the throne, it stands to reason that his status is noble, different from other princes, but Qianlong gave his heir to Prince Yun Qi as his grandson, Yun Qi is the twelfth son of Kangxi, because there is no queen to inherit the title, Qianlong succeeded Yonghui to the twelfth uncle Yunqi as his grandson, and descended to the title of king of the county
Yongying's biological mother is the concubine Su of Emperor Chunhui, born in the eighth year of Qianlong;
In the twenty-fourth year of Qianlong, Qianlong selected a concubine for Yongying, Fucha, the daughter of Fu Qian, the half-brother of Empress Xiaoxian. After the big wedding,Qianlong succeeded Yongying to his twenty-first uncle Shenjun Wang Yunxi as his grandson, and descended to the title of Baylor
In the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong, he was crowned the king of the county, and seventeen years later, he was promoted to the prince of quality; Prince Feng died of illness the following year.
The heir side branch means that he is no longer the descendant of Qianlong, which means that Yongcheng and Yongying are no longer eligible to inherit the throne. It may not be a good thing for some people, but in fact, staying away from the dispute between the crown prince means staying away from the land of right and wrong, which is not necessarily a bad thing.
Qianlong's four princes of "white-haired people send black-haired people".
Qianlong is the longest-lived emperor of the Qing Dynasty, 89 years old and died, his princes can live to fifteen Elder Brother Yongyan is enthroned as emperor is really not much, Qianlong many times "white-haired people send black-haired people".
Yonghuang was Qianlong's eldest son, and his biological mother, Emperor Zhemin's concubine Fucha, died of illness before Qianlong ascended the throne.
In the harem, there is a saying that "the mother is more expensive than the son", and there is also "the son is expensive by the mother". The early death of his biological mother Fucha still had a relatively large impact on Yonghuang, after all, without the protection of his biological mother, he was struggling in the harem.
Yonghuang got married in the ninth year of Qianlong, and three years later, Qianlong ordered to build a mansion for Yonghuang, and it was also in this year that Yonghuang's eldest son Miande and second son Mianen were born a month apart.
The thirteenth year of Qianlong was a turning point in Yonghuang's life, his mother, Empress Xiaoxian, died of illness, and his father, Emperor Qianlong, was very sad. Because of his mother's funeral, he reprimanded and punished a lot, including Yonghuang.
Qianlong thought that Yonghuang was not sad enough at his mother's funeral, so he reprimanded him for being unseemly.
Yonghuang is twenty years old this year, in fact, for Yonghuang, his mother is just one of many mothers, and he really can't say that he has any feelings, so he naturally won't be too sad; But after this incident, Yonghuang completely lost the throne.
In this way, he lost the qualification to inherit the throne, Yonghuang was depressed all day long, and Qianlong was seriously ill in February and 15.
In March, Yonghuang's condition worsened, and although Qianlong sent two more imperial doctors to him, he still did not keep Yonghuang.
This year, Yonghuang was only 23 years old, and Qianlong posthumously named him the Prince of Anding.
Yongzheng was the third son of the emperor born to Emperor Chunhui, and like the eldest brother Yonghuang, he was severely reprimanded by Qianlong for not being sad enough at the funeral of his mother-in-law, Empress Xiaoxian, and what Qianlong said was obvious that Yongzhang was completely disqualified from inheriting the throne.
Two years later, at the age of 16, Yongzhang married Borzigit as his concubine.
In the twenty-fifth year of Qianlong, Yongzhang was seriously ill and died of illness in July, and was posthumously named the king of Duoluo Xun County by Qianlong at the age of 26.
Yongqi is Qianlong's most proud prince, if Yongqi can live a long life, maybe the throne will not be passed to Yongyan at all.
Yongqi has been very intelligent since he was a child, not only both civil and military, but also proficient in Manchu, Mongolian, Tibetan and Chinese; In addition, Yongqi is quite accomplished in astronomy, geography, mathematics, etc., and is also very good in calligraphy and painting, and is deeply favored by Qianlong.
Especially after Yongqi saved Qianlong's life on Qingyan in Kyushu, Qianlong paid more attention to him and named him Prince Heshuorong. I don't know if you still remember that Huang Taiji posthumously crowned the eighth son of the emperor born to his favorite concubine Hai Lanzhu as Prince Rong, which shows how noble the title of "Prince Rong" is.
You must know that Yongqi's title of Prince Heshuorong was awarded when Yongqi was only 24 years old and still alive, which shows that Qianlong is indeed not ordinary for him; But God was jealous of talent, and Yongqi died of illness shortly after being named the prince.
More than 20 years after Yongqi's death, Qianlong once mentioned Yongqi when he met with the British envoy, and bluntly said that he wanted to pass the throne to Yongqi; It's a pity that Yongqi died too early.
Empress Xiaoxian's eldest son Yonglian and second son Yongcong died successively, and the queen Nala gave birth to Yongxi, who had the identity of a son-in-law, and Qianlong had a very strong intention of establishing a successor, so it stands to reason that Qianlong should consider passing the throne to Yongxi; But it is very strange that Qianlong not only did not consider making Yongxu the crown prince, but he was very disgusted with this son.
In fact, the reason why Yongxuan was rejected by his father was largely due to the influence of his biological mother, Nala.
After the Nala clan fell out of favor and was secluded in the cold palace, even if Yongxuan had the identity of a son-in-law, he was no longer a son-in-law in Qianlong's eyes.
In the thirty-fifth year of Qianlong, Yongxuan married Borzigit as his successor;
He died six years later at the age of 25.
Because Yongxuan had no queen, Qianlong passed the fourth son of the eleventh elder brother Yongxuan to succeed Yongxuan.
But in the forty-second year of Qianlong, after the death of the Boerzigit clan of Changfujin, Miansi returned to his biological father Yongzhen.
After Emperor Jiaqing became pro-government, he posthumously crowned the twelve brothers as Dorobelle.
Three long-lived princes
Qianlong died at the age of 89, and there are not many princes who can really live past Qianlong (excluding the heirs), only four:
The eighth son of the emperor, Yongxuan.
The eleventh son of the emperor, Yongying.
The fifteenth son of the emperor, Yongyan.
The seventeenth son of the emperor, Yongxuan.
In addition to the prince who died early and the prince who gave birth to the heir, by the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong, there were five princes around Qianlong:
The eighth son of the emperor, Yongxuan.
The eleventh son of the emperor, Yongying.
The twelfth son of the emperor, Yongxuan
The fifteenth son of the emperor, Yongyan.
The seventeenth son of the emperor, Yonglu.
Although the twelfth son of the emperor is a son-in-law, he is affected by his biological mother Nala, and Qianlong will not consider passing the throne to him at all.
In this way, there are only four princes left, and among these four princes, Yongxuan was still relatively young in the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong, so Qianlong naturally would not consider passing the throne to him, so only Yongxuan, Yongxuan and Yongyan remained.
Yongxuan, the eighth son of the emperor, is the eldest of the three princes, but because of his frivolous behavior, he was severely reprimanded by Qianlong, and he was not good in doing things inappropriately.
In the forty-fourth year of Qianlong, Yongxuan was named the king of Yijun.
In the fifty-fourth year of Qianlong, Qianlong named the eleventh son of the emperor Yongying as the prince of Cheng, the fifteenth son of the emperor Yongyan as the prince of Qian, and the seventeenth son of the emperor Yongxuan as Baylor. The only thing that is not seen is that Yongxuan is sealed, and it is still the title of the king of the county.
It is obvious that Qianlong was already disgusted with Yongxuan before this and did not have high hopes for Yongxuan.
However, after Emperor Jiaqing ascended the throne, he and Jiaqing were pro-government for four years, and Yongxuan was crowned Prince Yi, not only letting him help him get rid of Heshen, but also letting Yongxuan manage the officials and reuse them.
In the entire Jiaqing Dynasty, Yongxuan was still more reused by his younger brother Emperor Jiaqing;
Daoguang died of illness in the twelfth year at the age of 87, the longest-lived of all the princes of Qianlong.
Yongxuan's biological mother is also the concubine of Emperor Shujia, Jin Jia, and Yongxuan is the same brother. Yongying is the most important candidate to "compete for the position of crown prince" with Yongyan, and was named Prince Heshuo together with Yongyan.
In the 60th year of Qianlong, when Qianlong divided the mansion, he gave the mansion where Nalan Mingzhu, an important minister of the Kangxi Dynasty, once lived, to Yongzhen, and Qianlong also personally drove to Yongzhen's prince's mansion.
After Emperor Jiaqing took office in the fourth year of Jiaqing, he awarded the eleventh brother to the post of Minister of Military Aircraft and was in charge of the household department.
There has never been a precedent for a prince to be in charge of the military aircraft department before, and the Qing Dynasty began with Yongying.
Daoguang died of illness in three years at the age of 72, and his great-grandson Zairui inherited the title of county king.
Yongxuan is the happiest prince among all the princes of Qianlong, after all, he is the youngest son, and his brother Yongyan is also on the throne, so he will naturally take good care of his younger brother Yongxuan, although Yongxuan was raised by his adoptive mother Ying Guifei.
In the fifty-fourth year of Qianlong, the 24-year-old Yongxuan was promoted to Baylor.
When he divided the mansion for Yongxuan, Qianlong specially gave Yongxuan a pawnshop, worried that the imperial court's Yulu would not be able to support his young son. Unexpectedly, Yongxuan was still a good businessman, not only keeping the pawnshop, but also making the pawnshop profitable.
After Jiaqing became pro-government, Yongxuan Jin was named the king of Qingjun.
After He Shen was killed, Jiaqing gave half of He Shen's mansion to Yongxuan, and the other half to Gu Lun and Princess Xiao to continue to live. He Shen was a huge greed of the Qing Dynasty, and the luxury of his mansion can be seen. After Princess Hexiao died of illness, the other half of the Heshen Mansion was also given to Yongxuan, so that Yongxuan had a complete Heshen Mansion and changed it to Qingwangfu. When it came to the Xianfeng Dynasty, Emperor Xianfeng took it back and gave his younger brother Prince Gong Yi the residence of Prince Gong.
In the twenty-fifth year of Qianlong, Yongxuan was seriously ill, and Emperor Jiaqing promoted his younger brother to the crown prince.
In March, he died at the age of 55.
Conclusion
Although Qianlong had many heirs, seven of them died early, two of them were side branches, and four died of illness before Qianlong died of illness, and only four princes were able to live to the Jiaqing Dynasty or even the Daoguang Dynasty.
Although Qianlong had a strong intention of establishing a successor, the two sons born to Empress Xiaoxian died one after another, which made Qianlong grief;
Although the Nala clan gave birth to a son-in-law to Qianlong later, because the Nala clan saw that Qianlong was guilty, his son was naturally not treated by Qianlong;
In the end, Yongyan, who was born to Empress Xiaoyichun, inherited the throne, although Empress Xiaoyichun was posthumously crowned, but it could be regarded as barely fulfilling Qianlong's thoughts.