The two sessions of the National People's Congress are about to be convened, and the deputies and committee members rushed to this "spring event" from all directions with the entrustment of the people to discuss the country's affairs and seek common development. In the journey of high-quality development, what suggestions and countermeasures have they brought? In this program, we will work with the representative committee members to pay attention to the problem of "excessive punishment" in the process of law enforcement, unlock the quality code of snail flour with annual sales of more than 10 billion yuan, pay attention to the problem of new construction and reconstruction of old passenger ropeways in scenic spots, and study how to break through the "stuck neck" technology, accelerate the development of new quality productivity, and talk to the future with the representative members.
Shen Haibin, a representative of the National People's Congress who is about to participate in the National People's Congress and the National People's Congress, has started a new round of market research in the past few days. As the party secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, Shen Haibin has always been very concerned about the operation of individual industrial and commercial households, and during a farmer's market research, Jiang Xiaoying, a vegetable trader, asked him about the relevant policies on the issue of fines after testing exceeding the standard.
Shen Haibin, a representative of the National People's Congress: We have clear provisions in the "Food Safety Law", if you really don't know that the things sold are unqualified, but you have conscientiously fulfilled the obligation of purchase inspection, that is, you ask clearly how the goods came from, and there are tickets, and at the same time can truthfully explain the purchase **, if this happens, you can be exempted from punishment.
Put an end to "small and heavy penalties" and let individual industrial and commercial households operate with peace of mind.
Shen Haibin has done many times to explain relevant policies to individual industrial and commercial households. In his opinion, every such communication is precious. In recent years, Jiangsu Province has successively introduced 1Version 0 and 2The 0th edition of the "Provisions on Exemption from Fines and Light Penalties" refines 24 identification standards in 5 categories. Establish a list of non-punishment and a list of mitigated punishments, and since 2022, in combination with the identification standards, have successively made 440,000 business entities were exempted from fines and light penalties for minor violations. In the view of Shen Haibin, a deputy to the National People's Congress, how to achieve a balance of leniency and severity, proportionate punishment, and simultaneous punishment of punishment, grassroots law enforcement departments must be good at summing up experience and solving problems in the practice of handling cases.
Jiangsu has enabled the entire process of credit restoration to be electronic.
The next stop on Mr. Shen's research was an internet company 20 kilometers away, which has more than 240,000 members, most of whom are self-employed. After some stores were lightly fined for minor violations, credit restoration required procedures, and stores reported difficulties in operating with "stains". Shen Haibin introduced to everyone that the market supervision department of Jiangsu Province has realized the whole process of credit repair electronically through the national enterprise credit information publicity system, and business households can realize credit repair "in the palm of your hand" through the "Jiangsu Market Supervision" WeChat.
Shen Haibin, deputy to the National People's Congress: After meeting the minimum publicity period, you can apply for credit restoration, (after applying), that is, within a maximum of 17 days, we can do this thing.
In February this year, the "Guiding Opinions on Further Regulating and Supervising the Setting and Implementation of Fines" was issued, which for the first time made a comprehensive and systematic specification for the setting and implementation of fines in administrative regulations and rules, which also encouraged Jiangsu Province, which is "ahead of the curve and demonstrative", to make further progress in the construction of the system of exemption from fines and light penalties for market supervision cases.
Shen Haibin, deputy to the National People's Congress: We are studying the introduction of 3The 0 version of the provisions on exemption from fines and light penalties implements more warm law enforcement. The ultimate purpose of "no penalty for the first violation" and "no penalty for minor violation" is to guide business entities not to violate the law and to violate the law less, give operators with minor violations the opportunity to correct themselves, boost business confidence and stimulate development vitality.
Build an industrial chain standard system to win the 10 billion market.
Boost business confidence and stimulate market vitality. This is also the National People's Congress deputy Qin Qingfang is most concerned about the topic, the first weekend after the Spring Festival holiday, Qin Qingfang deliberately went back to Liuzhou, every time she returned to Liuzhou, she would first go to eat a bowl of snail noodles.
Snail noodles are Liuzhou's "Internet celebrity" snacks, and Qin Qingfang has been deeply involved in them since the beginning of Liuzhou's snail flour industry. Qin Qingfang told reporters that the snail flour industry has only taken a few years to achieve a market size of 10 billion, and all parties strive to control food safety from the source with high standards is one of the key factors. She has participated in the formulation of more than 500 relevant regulations and standards for the snail flour industry in Liuzhou.
Qin Qingfang, deputy to the National People's Congress: In 2022, we in Guangxi will issue a new review rules for snail flour production enterprises, requiring that the cooling room and inner package room of the enterprise must meet the standard of clean workshop. The whole production process should be quality controllable and traceable.
Deputy Qin Qingfang suggested that the professional level of inspection and testing equipment and personnel of production enterprises should be continuously improved to better ensure food safety.
Qin Qingfang, deputy to the National People's Congress: As a technical institution, we also have the obligation to help them improve their testing technology. I am engaged in food safety testing, and I will continue to pay attention to food and be a good gatekeeper of safety on the tip of the people's tongue.
It is difficult to reconstruct and reconstruct the old cableway in the scenic area.
To be a good guardian of the people's safety is also the direction that Tan Wenying, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, has been working towards. After the Spring Festival holiday, Lushan Scenic Area ushered in a wave of cold wave weather, the lowest temperature was close to minus 10 degrees Celsius, CPPCC member Tan Wenying rushed to Lushan Scenic Area to investigate the safety of the traffic cableway.
Tan Wenying, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference: It is extreme weather now, there was heavy snowfall yesterday, and at the same time the temperature is low and it rains.
Deputy General Manager of Lushan Traffic Cableway Safety Technology **Before the freezing rain comes, our employees will be on duty all night, 24 hours a day, in order to achieve the purpose of de-icing.
Committee member Tan Wenying focused on the operation of several old ropeways in Lushan. Li Bai's Lushan Waterfall is located in Lushan Xiufeng, and taking the ropeway up the mountain has become a convenient way for tourists to choose, and this Xiufeng Cableway has been in operation for nearly 30 years.
There are a total of 6 cableways in Lushan, Jiujiang, of which the technical content of Lushan traffic ropeway is the first in Asia, and the other 4 old cableways are in urgent need of reconstruction and reconstruction.
During the investigation, Tan Wenying noticed that due to the management restrictions of the national ecological protection red line, it is difficult to implement new construction and reconstruction of passenger ropeways in most scenic spots. Committee member Tan Wenying told reporters that the passenger ropeway is an important carrier for the people to travel close to nature, so this year's National People's Congress and the National People's Congress, she is ready to bring the proposal on increasing the construction of the passenger ropeway to Beijing.
Tan Wenying, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference: There are many old passenger ropeways in Jiangxi Province, accounting for 30% in Jiangxi, and the proportion in the country is not low, nearly 20%. These old passenger ropeways have low capacity, low comfort and low safety performance, and many passenger ropeway operators are eager to rebuild or rebuild. It is hoped that the relevant departments can coordinate and simplify the approval procedures for passenger ropeways as soon as possible.
Self-reliance breaks through the "ceiling" of the main shaft of the shield machine
The development of new productive forces must strengthen scientific and technological innovation, especially original and subversive scientific and technological innovation, and accelerate the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance. During the year of their duties, the deputies and committee members have gained more profound experience in their respective posts. Cultivating new momentum for the development of new quality productivity is not only to meet the current challenges, but also to lead the development of the future.
Liu Feixiang, chief scientist of China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. and deputy to the National People's Congress, has led the scientific research team to solve the technical problems encountered in the assembly of the shield machine in the past few days. Hunan has encountered a rare low temperature rain and snow weather this year, and for the first time, the main bearing of the shield machine has expanded and contracted after assembly, resulting in the tolerance exceeding the standard after assembly.
Liu Feixiang, deputy to the National People's Congress: Because this is a "stuck neck" technology, it is impossible for foreign countries to tell us. Like our four-meter-eight main bearing, the plane accuracy or fitting accuracy required is two wires, what is the concept of two wires, that is, two hair wires, the accuracy should be so high. If this problem is not solved, it will even lead to equipment security incidents.
Liu Feixiang and the team staff finally had an idea after many experiments in the laboratory. Liu Feixiang and the team have solved hundreds of problems like this. In October last year, Liu Feixiang led the independent research and development of a diameter of 8The main bearing of the 61-meter shield machine rolled off the assembly line, which is the world's largest diameter integral shield main bearing so far, breaking through the "ceiling" of the current main bearing development capacity of the shield machine. As a representative of the National People's Congress, in the past year, Liu Feixiang has traveled tens of thousands of kilometers and traveled to all the high-end equipment manufacturing factories in the country.
Liu Feixiang, deputy to the National People's Congress: through the research also received a lot of inspiration, the core technology is not to come, can not buy, can not be bought, we have broken the foreign monopoly for more than ten years, to achieve from zero to one, from one to many, the shield machine has achieved 100% localization, which is inseparable from the good mechanism of our country's national innovation system.
The R&D level of quantum chips ranks among the top in the world.
Under the national innovation system, to speed up the breakthrough of the "stuck neck" problem, in the direction of the CPPCC members, it is also necessary to have the courage to focus on the future and make long-term contributions. On the second day of the Lantern Festival, he went to several national metrology core laboratories of the Chinese Institute of Metrology in Changping District, Beijing. The national length reference device, which is the most accurate "ruler" in China, is here. The metrology chip is the core and future of the new generation of metrology benchmarks.
Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Direction: On the size of a chip of this size, we must achieve the most accurate voltage, the most accurate current, and the most accurate temperature. In the past, for example, I used a ruler to measure a length, I need to have a ruler, and whether this ruler is accurate or not must be compared with a higher level of ruler standards to prove that the ruler is accurate, so after the realization of this quantum measurement chip, it is that I make the most accurate standard on a chip, and in the future, we will only measure with measuring instruments, and there are only two states for measurement, good and bad, and there is no longer accurate and inaccurate.
The direction committee told reporters that at present, China's chip R&D measurement capacity is indeed facing a generational gap between the measurement accuracy and the United States and Western countries, and China has been in a state of catch-up for a long time in the innovation breakthrough of the overall measurement accuracy from precision to ultra-precision.
Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Direction: There are more than 2,000 kinds of measuring instruments in the chip industry chain that are embargoed to China, and it can be said that 100% of the special instruments and measuring instruments are all embargoed.
Give full play to the advantages of the first-class system and break through the measurement limit.
In fact, as the "crown jewel" of high-tech, chips are the basic, leading and strategic industries related to economic and social development, and the focus of the great power game in the era of digital economy, and measurement is the underlying foundation of the iteration of the chip industry model. The content of the proposal prepared by the two sessions to the committee members this year is to call for improving the measurement capacity of chip research and development as soon as possible.
Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) Direction: We often say that only when we can measure can we make it, and only when we measure it accurately can we build it well. In fact, I also mentioned the new quality productivity in my proposal, and the core thing here is disruptive technological innovation, which needs to break through the original limit of some higher level standards in measurement and measurement. It is possible for us to take advantage of such a major opportunity and opportunity to move forward.
The patent conversion rate of universities is generally low.
Science and technology is the primary productive force, from scientists, to the leader of the scientific research team, Lin Hong, a representative of the National People's Congress, believes that scientific and technological achievements can only be transformed into productivity, in order to achieve more "Chinese brands" in the academic field.
In 2023, Lin Hong led the team to create the first monitoring system in China to accurately measure urban air pollutant emissions. It not only provides a scientific basis for the precise prevention and control of air pollution, but also makes the emission reduction of enterprises accurate.
Lin Hong, deputy to the National People's Congress: You see that this equipment is a standard device for flue flow measurement, which solves the problem of inaccurate measurement of enterprise emissions. With it, the error of enterprise measurement has been improved from 50% to less than 5%, so its measurement range and measurement accuracy are now more than those of the United States.
The use of this measurement "artifact" strongly supports the data quality of China's carbon market. However, such a set of high-precision and cutting-edge technologies did not go as smoothly as imagined when they were promoted and implemented. At present, the market share is low.
Lin Hong, deputy to the National People's Congress: This is also our biggest difficulty at present, that is, how to make more applications of the results of the laboratory, so that more cutting-edge technologies can go out of the laboratory and serve the main battlefield of China's economy.
Universities and scientific research institutions are an important part of the national strategic scientific and technological strength and innovation system. The data shows that by the end of 2023, domestic universities and scientific research institutions have a total of 1 4 effective invention patents in China, but the conversion rate is generally low.
At the beginning of the new semester, Zhang Xuejun, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Hebei Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, led the staff of the Market Supervision Bureau to Hebei University of Science and Technology to carry out research on the transformation of patents in colleges and universities.
Tang Erjun, director and professor of the Analysis and Testing Research Center of Hebei University of Science and Technology: We have more than 30 patents, but only four or five of them have been transformed into patents and signed contracts in the form of patents.
Through research, Zhang Xuejun noticed that the lack of transformation momentum, "reluctance to transfer", poor connection between supply and demand, and weak transformation ability "will not transfer" are the common problems of low patent conversion rate in China's universities.
Hu Na, senior experimenter of Hebei University of Science and Technology: It is related to the evaluation system of our universities at this stage, and we generally pay more attention to the publication of sci core ** and invention patents, so these achievements are closely related to the graduation of students on the one hand, and on the other hand, they are also directly linked to the evaluation of our university teachers' professional titles, and patent transformation is a thing as icing on the cake.
Tang Erjun, director and professor of the Analysis and Testing Research Center of Hebei University of Science and Technology: Because when we do these technologies, we are not too sensitive to the market and do not know too much, and when it comes to enterprises, we are more concerned about making products, industrialization, and making money in popular terms, so this has posed a great challenge to us.
In order to improve the patent conversion rate of universities, Hebei University of Science and Technology will establish a technology transfer center in 2023 to effectively promote the deep integration of innovation chain, industrial chain and talent chain, but Zhang Xuejun found in the investigation. Such a service platform still lacks some professional technology transfer talents. In 2023, the Hebei Provincial Market Supervision Bureau will hold the Hebei Provincial Conference on the Development of Intellectual Property Application in Universities, and promote 53 universities and institutes in the province to jointly build a patent operation resource library. Complete 1Evaluation and analysis of the value of 30,000 university patents. In 2023, Hebei Province will be granted a patent transformation license of 280,000 times, a year-on-year increase of 704%。
Zhang Xuejun, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Hebei Provincial Market Supervision Bureau: In the next step, I will base myself on the intellectual property related work in Hebei, combine the needs of universities and enterprises in patent transformation, organize and carry out special actions for patent transformation, and jointly promote the revitalization of the stock of patents in universities and scientific research institutions.
The 2024 National People's Congress and the National People's Congress will be held in Beijing tomorrow, and we will see the opportunities and challenges on the journey of high-quality development in the proverbs and good policies of the deputies and members, feel the confidence of the deputies and members to realize their dreams of China, the consensus of overcoming difficulties, and touch the pride of all people to start a business, and rise in the land of China. The time we are looking forward to the two sessions will unite our hearts and minds and start a new journey.
*: CCTV news client.
Process edit: u031