For 5,000 years, in this historic land, dynasties have changed frequently, heroes have appeared in turn, and all kinds of wonderful and magnificent stories have been passed down by word of mouth.
As the saying goes:"One side of the water and soil raises one side of the people".As the only ancient civilization in the world that has never been interrupted, China has a long-term vitality in terms of language and ideology and culture.
In China, every city, even some old streets and alleys, may have countless historical imprints, but as the good song notes put it:"The house is empty, and the wat is full of beds; The withered grass and withered poplar used to be a singing and dancing field".
Everything is changing, the rise and fall have their own definite number, in the Spring and Autumn Period, the figure of the five tyrants once stood in China, and finally it was all for the wind and sand of historyToday's people can only get a glimpse of one or two from the annals and ruins, which city are their capitals? What about today?
In 686 BC, the state of QiChilde Xiaobai, won the battle for the monarch with his brother Gongzi, and successfully took power, forQi Huan Gong
At the beginning, Qi Huan Gong showed the bearing and demeanor of RenjunRegardless of his previous suspicions, he recruited the think tank of his brother's camp - Guan Zhong. You must know that Guan Zhong had assassinated Qi Huan Gong before.
After the two met, they exchanged a few words of greeting and began to talk about the general trend of the world and the way of the overlord, for three whole days, and the meaning was still unfinished. Guan Zhong's conversation and talent made Qi Huan Gong more determined in his thoughts.
He soon paid homage to Zhong as the prime minister, entrusted him with important tasks, and took charge of political affairsLater, because of trust and respect, Qi Huan Gong also directly called the other party "middle father".
In this way, the monarch and the ministers were single-minded, relying on the benefits of fish and salt and many alliances of princes, so that the Qi State becameThe first overlord of the Spring and Autumn periodQi is LinziIt also became the leading big city at that time.
Linzi, that is, today's Linzi District, Zibo City, Shandong Province. As early as 8,000 years ago, primitive clans had already thrived here.
After King Wu established the Western Zhou Dynasty, the heroes were also divided into all directionsAnd the famous Jiang Taigong (Jiang Shang) was sealed to Qidi, the state of Qi was established, and the capital was located in Linzi, but it was still called at that time"Camp Hill".
Later, during the reign of Qi Xiangong,He saw that Yingqiu was on the verge of Zishui, so he renamed the capital as "Linzi".From then on, Linzi began its history as the capital of Qi for 638 years.
After the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, although Linzi was no longer what it was back then, whether it was the Qin and Han dynasties or the Wei and Jin dynasties, Linzi was still the capital of QidiIt was not until the end of the Yuan Dynasty that the ancient city of Linzi was finally abandoned.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Linzi became a county, under the Zibo Prefecture, in 1970, Linzi officially in the name of the district office.
Today's Linzi has been rated as one of the top 100 industrial zones in China for many times, and the cultural relics and historic sites within its jurisdiction are very rich, which have received extensive attention and protectionAs a result, Linzi was successfully selected into the latest version of the list of national historical and cultural cities in March last year.
In 643 BC, Duke Huan of Qi diedThe civil strife of Qi broke out, and the former overlord fell to the altarThe political situation is chaotic, and the people's lives are also in dire straits.
At this time, the neighbor Song sent troops to help, helping to quell the war one after another, and also supported Gongzi to become the Duke of Qi XiaoWhy did the Song State take such care of the Qi State?
It turned out that Song Xianggong, the monarch of the Song Kingdom, used to be Qi Huangong's little follower, a "brainless fan", and paid attention to "benevolence and righteousness", but now that the boss is gone, he stood up to helpBy the way, you can also shape your own image, and then inherit the overlord of Qi Huangong.
However, Song Xianggong, who seems to be somewhat traditional and rigid, has a different sense of adaptation with the capital of the Song Kingdom, which has a rich history.
The capital of the Song Kingdom is called Shangqiu, which makes people wonder, is this place related to the Shang Dynasty? Not just related, but greatly related.
Nowadays, when it comes to Shangdu, the first thing that everyone may think of is Anyang Yinxu, followed by the Zhengzhou ** siteHowever, the place that was first called Shang and the first place to be designated as the capital of Shang was Shangqiu, which was called "Nan Bo" at that time.
By the time King Cheng of Zhou was on the throne, he sent the descendants of the merchants back to his homeland Shangqiu, and the Song State was established, so in essence,The history of Shangqiu is actually the reproduction, rise and fall of the Shang clan.
Therefore, Shangqiu has become one of the important birthplaces of the Chinese nation and the Chinese nation, and its special historical status and geographical location have also made Shangqiu an important town in the Central Plains in all dynastiesIn the Northern Song Dynasty, it was also listed as one of the "Four Beijings".
Today's Shangqiu is one of the prefecture-level cities in Henan Province, as an important node in China's high-speed rail network of eight vertical and eight horizontalQiu has become an important national comprehensive transportation hub city in eastern Henan, and it is also a regional central city at the junction of Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces.
Although Song Xianggong worked very hard, because of the lack of hard power, at the Yu Zhi meeting in 639 BCwas arrested by King Chu Cheng's calculations, a big loss of face.
So even today Song Xianggong is listed as one of the "Spring and Autumn Five Tyrants".But he actually didn't really get the identity of the overlord of the princes like Duke Qi Huan.
Even if it is controversial, I have to admit that Song Xianggong's benevolence and morality are still worthy of praise, and before he died, he also carefully received the exiled princes of the Jin KingdomHeavy ears
After the outbreak of the Liji Rebellion, Chong'er, the son of Jin Xiangong, was forced to fleeIt has been under the fence for 19 yearsAlthough he has gone through hardships, he has also grown a lot and gained a lot.
In the end, with the help of Qin Mugong, Jin Huaigong was killed by the Chong'er faction.
In 636 B.C., Chong'er, who was already 61 years old (another said 35 years old), finally returned to the Jin Kingdom, returning to the capital after a long absenceJiangcheng, I became the monarch myself, yesJin Wengong
Jiangcheng is now Jiangxian County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi ProvinceThe site of Zhoujiazhuang in its territory is the largest Neolithic human gathering place in the Yellow River Basin, and the hometown of Tang Yao, one of the legendary five emperors, is also Jiangxian County.
Although Jiangcheng only made the capital of the Jin Kingdom for 84 years,However, it completely witnessed the whole process of the restoration of the Jin Wen Dynasty, the Qin King Zhou Dynasty, and the domination of the Central Plains.
Jin Wengong appointed talents, rewards and punishments were clear, founded three armies and six secretaries, led the army to win more with less in the battle of Chengpu, defeated the Chu army, and practiced the Tuhui AllianceDuke Wen of Jin accepted the order of King Xiang of Zhou and became the second overlord of the Spring and Autumn Period after Duke Huan of Qi.
But it's a pity that Chong'er was a late bloomer after all, and history didn't leave him too long, and only four years after dominating the throne, Duke Wen of Jin died of illness.
In Jiangxian County, there are still many cultural monuments such as Jinwen Cemetery, and as early as in the "Zuo Chuan", there has been a record of the word "Jiangxian", which is the first time that "county" has appeared in the literatureJiangxian County is also known as "the first county in the world".
Because the state of Qin provided a lot of help during the restoration of the Duke of Jin Wen, there was a long honeymoon period between the two families, but,With the death of Duke Wen, this friendly bond gradually became blurred.
In 627 BC, Qin Mugong sent troops to attack Zheng State, but he returned in vainBut he never thought that the Jin Kingdom would set up an ambush for himself in Kunshan.
Because of the defenselessness, the Qin army was defeated and almost completely annihilated, and the commanders of the three armies were also captured by the Jin State** The two countries have been at loggerheads for a long time.
Qin Mugong was thinking about revenge all the timeThree years later, the Qin army took the initiative to launch the battle of Wangguan, and finally defeated the Jin army, and vented the evil spirit that had been pent up for a long time.
Taking advantage of the strength of the army, the Qin State calmed down and reestablished friendship with the Jin State, while expanding its land to the west, capturing the King of Xirong alive and subduing dozens of minority tribes in only one yearKing Xiang of Zhou personally bestowed a golden drum on Qin Mugong to show his position as the overlord of the west.
In 621 BC, Qin Mugong died and was buried in the national capitalYongchengNeighborhood.
Yongcheng, now Fengxiang County, Baoji City, Shaanxi ProvinceAs early as the Xia Dynasty, it was classified as one of the nine states, called "Yongzhou", and became the fief of the Zhou State during the Shang Dynasty.
After the establishment of Zhou, King Ping gave the other party a vast amount of land, including Yongcheng, in order to reward the meritorious Qin Xianggong, and Qin became a princeIn 677 BC, the Duke of Qin moved the capital to Yongcheng, and continued to use it for about 294 years.
In the Tang Dynasty, Yong changed its name to "Fengxiang" and was considered the birthplace of the Zhou and Qin dynastiesIt also has the reputation of "Bronze Town" and "Xifeng Wine Town".
Among the Spring and Autumn Five, there is one whose name is a little different, and he isKing Chuzhuang, everyone else claims to be a prince, why can he stand up to the Zhou royal family and be called "king"?
Because in the traditional perspective of the Central Plains Dynasty, the state of Chu is equivalent to a state established by a group of barbariansEven if the Chu people want to integrate, others are prejudiced and disgusted.
So after Xiong Qu became the Duke of Chu, he simply called himself a "barbarian"., Don't steam steamed buns to fight for breath, the state of Chu is to win respect through its own efforts, and when it is strong, it is necessary to let the princes of the Central Plains bow to the barbarians they once looked down on.
In 704 BC, Xiong Tong, the then Duke of Chu, asked Zhou Tianzi to give him a higher title, but was refusedIt was also from this time that the monarch of Chu has always taken the title of "king".
By the time King Chu Zhuang reigned, the strength of Chu was already above the four kingdoms.
Interestingly, in the first three years, the king of Chu Zhuang only knew pleasure and did not care about the government, and later after Fan Ji's persuasion, he suddenly woke up, carefully admonished, and worked hard to bring the state of Chu to its heyday. This is too"Three years without a hit, a blockbuster".The origin.
In 606 BC, King ChuzhuangWon the Central PlainsIn 597 BC, the Chu army defeated the Jin army, set foot on the bank of the Yellow River, and shook the QuartetThe state of Chu also officially ousted the state of Jin from the position of leader of the alliance and set foot in one of the five hegemons.
The capital of the state of ChuYingdu, probably located in Jingzhou District, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province today, the site is now called the ancient city of Chu Jinan, and has been used for more than 400 years.
WhileJingzhouThe name should be known to everyone, since ancient times it is a place where soldiers must fight, to the west can pass through Sichuan and Shu, to the east to point to Wu Yue, north to the Central Plains, south to the rivers and lakes, Wei Shu and Wu three families have been here to carry out how many open and secret battles.
In modern times, because of the rapid development of transportation and the construction around Wuhan,Jingzhou's status was gradually replaced, but its wealth was still visible.