At the beginning of the new semester, "don't talk about learning the filial piety of mothers and children, once you come to learn chickens, flying dogs and jumping", a ridiculous sentence, which resonates deeply with many families with children. Tutoring children with homework is also nicknamed "sending propositions" by netizens. What are the learning difficulties of home education?
The "learning difficulties" clinic with high popularity has touched the nerves of many parents and has become the direction of their exploration.
It's the second semester of the first grade, and B and P can't tell the difference. On the morning of the 28th, in the "learning difficulties" clinic of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chen Wan (pseudonym) was very anxious.
During the winter vacation just past, the "learning difficulties" clinic continued to be difficult to find, and the "learning difficulties" clinic in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and other cities across the country is still popular.
But for most people, the "learning difficulties" clinic that frequently appears on the hot search is still shrouded in mystery.
Is "learning difficulties" a disease? What is considered a "learning difficulty"? Can this kind of special outpatient clinic really make the results "counterattack"? The reporter went to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Zhejiang University Children's Hospital and other places to explore the "difficulty" and "worry" of the "learning difficulties" outpatient clinic.
If you don't get good grades, is it considered a learning difficulty?
The "Learning Difficulties" clinic, as the name suggests, is aimed at groups of students with learning difficulties.
What is medically recognized as "learning difficulty" is a medical condition.
Capital Institute of Pediatrics "Learning Difficulties" Clinic.
Learning difficulties, also known as learning difficulties syndrome, are like a big basket with a lot of problems. Zhang Lili, deputy chief physician of the health department of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, told reporters.
Broadly speaking, learning difficulties are poor learning syndromes caused by intellectual problems, audio-visual and sensory abnormalities, neurological impairment and emotional problems, and educational disadvantages. In the narrow sense, it is the difficulty caused by the dissonance of listening, speaking, reading, and writing, such as dyslexia and dysgraphia.
If you don't have good academic performance, is it considered a learning difficulty?
Outside the "Learning Difficulties" outpatient clinic on the 8th floor of the Children's Protection Building of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, there is a conspicuous sign - "unsatisfactory grades" does not mean "learning difficulties".
Walk 13 km, crossing 5 traffic lights......At noon on February 17, Xu Mingchu, who had just arrived in Beijing, settled his wife and children, and then followed the guidance of navigation to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics.
The appointment time is three days later, and the first time to explore the path. In order to "see a doctor" for their 9-year-old son, Xu Mingchu and his wife both took a year leave and rushed to Beijing from their hometown.
This line of reminders made the newcomer Xu Mingchu (pseudonym) a little confused. "His grades are very unstable, and I don't know if it counts as 'learning difficulties'. ”
Since the opening of the clinic in May 2022, there are not a few parents with such doubts in the waiting hall of the "difficult outpatient clinic" of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics.
Many parents think that my child's academic performance is not good, and that is 'learning difficulties'. Zhang Lili saidAcademic performance in a short period of time cannot be used as a basis for judging "learning difficulties". If the child's learning state is not good for a long time, the speed of acceptance of knowledge is significantly slower than that of children of the same age; Even if the study plan is adjusted and the way of learning is changed, if there is no improvement, the possibility of "learning difficulties" is considered.
Zhang Lili communicates with patients.
The Capital Institute of Pediatrics divides learning difficulties into three categoriesCan't learn, can't learn, and don't want to learn
In "Thirty Thousand Miles of Chang'an", Gao Shi stuttered when he was young, and had severe dyslexia, and when he was a child, he read books, and the words in it were like beating tadpoles, and he couldn't read them at all.
The CCTV documentary "I'm Not a Stupid Child" once simulated the text seen by dyslexics, and the words in ** flashed and flashed, "swimming around" like tadpoles, sometimes the words were "dancing", and sometimes the words were crowded in a pile.
Inability to learn means that the child has an underlying medical condition, such as developmental delay, ADHD, etc. Zhang Lili said that if you don't learn, you need to find the reason for your low learning ability in the process of parenting from the aspects of behavioral habits and lack of care, such as neglect and excessive screen exposure. The reluctance to learn is the lack of positive incentives, and the pressure fueled by the seedlings leads to the psychological manifestation of children's lack of self-confidence and internal drive.
According to the data, the "learning difficulties" clinic of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics currently receives more than 8,000 patients every year, and more than 60% of them are attention problems, of which children with ADHD account for a high proportion.
Why is it difficult to find a "learning difficulty" clinic?
From "peculiar" outpatient clinics to frequent public attention, in recent years, many hospitals across the country have opened outpatient clinics for children's learning difficulties. In addition to the "Learning Difficulties" clinic, there are also "Learning Disabilities" clinics and "school boredom clinics". Although the name is slightly different, the outpatient volume is equally popular.
The online appointments for the "Learning Difficulties" clinic of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics are full.
During the winter vacation, the "learning difficulties" outpatient clinic opened by the Capital Institute of Pediatrics every Wednesday is fully booked; The "Learning Disabilities" outpatient clinic opened daily at the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine shows a series of "full"; The Learning Difficulties Clinic of the Children's Hospital of Fudan University declined to be interviewed and asked to keep a low profile because the number source was too tight.
Although the learning difficulties clinic has been opened in the past few years, it has actually been traced back to a long time. Hang Jinguo, director of the pediatric department of Taizhou ** Hospital, said that although they did not open a special outpatient clinic, there have always been patients with learning difficulties and learning disabilities. "At present, there are about 100 outpatient visits per week. ”
Zhu Zhiwei turned out "Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics" to explain to reporters.
Zhu Zhiwei, director of the Department of Developmental Behavior at the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, translated the book "Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics", which shows that medical research on learning disabilities has lasted for more than a century, and its prototype is mainly the earliest reported childhood dyslexia in Europe.
Conventional hospitals can be seen, and there are many specialized outpatient clinics, why is it difficult to find a "learning difficulty" outpatient clinic?
Zhang Lili's outpatient clinic has a characteristic - slowness, which is also the norm of "learning difficulties" outpatient clinic.
From a book, a game, to study and family ......Every outpatient clinic, every patient, Zhang Lili's soft-spoken dialogue takes a long time. "Whether it's a child or a parent, we have to guide them to express themselves as much as possible in order to find the problem. Zhang Lili said that this also led to their daily number source of only about 30.
Usually, the number source is more nervous, and it is even worse when it comes to holidays. Zhang Lili said that because of the high demand, they have also opened an online outpatient clinic to communicate with patients by voice and text, but there are still too many monks and too little porridge.
In the movie "Learning Dad" released last year, Lei Dali, played by Huang Bo, worked hard to roll up the child's "young to primary".
In the topic of "learning difficulties", high-frequency associated words such as "counterattack" and "score improvement" have also given birth to a boom in the "learning difficulties" outpatient clinic, so that there are countless "thunderous people" in the "learning difficulties" clinic.
In the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, patients with learning difficulties are being treated.
Behind the difficulty of finding No. 1, there is also the anxiety of parents' involution. Zhu Zhiwei said that in her opinion, the root cause of many patients who come to the clinic is the anxiety of their parents.
There is a disease called my parents who think I am sick. According to Zhang Lili's observation, in the "learning difficulties" outpatient clinic of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, in addition to neurological development defects, psychological problems, etc., there are also many parents who bring their children to the clinic because of "performance anxiety", and the latter accounts for about 1 3 in the outpatient clinic.
For children with 'learning difficulties', we intervene in a scientific way so that children can treat learning correctly and have a good learning state. Zhang Lili saidHowever, the "learning difficulties" clinic is not a "counterattack" miracle drug. "Some children are learning well, but parents want them to be better. For example, if a child scores 95 points, but parents hope that he can score 100 points, this will make the child feel lagged behind, and even give up on himself. ”
To cure the disease, it is necessary to heal the heart
From 2020 to the present, Zhu Zhiwei, director of the Department of Developmental Behavior at the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, has adhered to a habit. After each diagnosis, parents will be told to "be relieved".
This is not a simple relief, but a ** way.
There are two kinds of learning disabilities, one is to treat the child's disease, and the other is to treat the parent's disease. Zhu Zhiwei said that the family is the soil, and the child is the seed. What seeds can grow into is closely related to the nutrients provided by the soil.
Tong Tong (not her real name) is a patient of Zhu Zhiwei. When he was in the fourth grade, he was diagnosed with a moderate learning disability, which is a math disorder.
After the diagnosis, Tongtong's parents were frustrated at first.
Tongtong's painting and ** talent are very good. Zhu Zhiwei said that after accepting **, Tongtong's situation has improved, and with the support of her family, she tried to change the track. She hasn't studied Japanese yet, but she can sing along as long as she listens to a Japanese song once.
If you want to have someone else's child, you first have to be someone else's parent. Zhang Lili said that children's psychological problems, including learning difficulties, have a lot to do with early family upbringing. While diagnosing and treating these children, how to enable parents to grow together into qualified caregivers is a key issue that needs to be solved urgently.
Whether it is in the Capital Institute of Pediatrics or the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, parent education is an important part of the program.
Parents have a better mentality, and children tend to have a better prognosis; Parents are very anxious, and the effect of their children's medication is not so obvious. Taking ADHD as an example, Zhang Lili said that this is a "chronic disease", which is a long-term process, and harmonious family relationships and relaxed family atmosphere determine the future growth of children.
In Zhang Lili's view, for children with "learning difficulties", parents must first accept the individual differences in their children's talents, listen to their children's voices, and give positive driving force in a way that promotes their strengths and avoids their weaknesses, so that children can gain confidence and better recover and give full play to their growth potential.
When encountering such students, we will also communicate with parents to help adjust their learning status by reducing academic pressure and amplifying their interests. Yin Meijiao (pseudonym), who has been a homeroom teacher for more than ten years, is no stranger to students with "learning difficulties", and now there is also a student with ADHD in her class.
Poor grades, mischievous, and indiscriminate beating. Yin Meijiao said that after communicating with parents, she knew that the child had been accepting **, so she cooperated with the parents to amplify the advantages of the child's strong manual ability, and let him serve as the "labor commissioner" of the two bars. "Now I'm in the fifth grade, and my grades are about 70 points, and the indiscriminate beating has disappeared. ”
We can't stop the disease from happening, but we can improve the condition of the patient.
Capital Institute of Pediatrics "Learning Difficulties" outpatient waiting hall.
Outside the "Learning Difficulties" clinic of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, the green plants in the spacious corner are verdant; The seats designed as geometric shapes are full of childlike fun; On the shelves, there are picture books published by well-known publishing houses, which are available for children to read; The educational toys on the wall attract children to play, so that they are waiting for the doctor to add a sense of relaxation, less but a sense of tension.
On February 22, Xu Mingchu stepped on the train to return home. "Look, it's because we're anxious. His tone was much more relaxed. "I discussed with my wife to cancel some of the training classes and give my children more time for themselves. ”
The No. 1 hard-to-find "learning difficulty" clinic may continue its popularity.
How will learning difficulties be alleviated and worries resolved?
Perhaps, as Zhang Lili said, to cure diseases, it is more necessary to heal the heart.
Chao News reporter Xu Feng.